CN101208965A - Continuous data optimization in positioning system - Google Patents
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Abstract
Methods and systems of continuously optimizing data in WiFi positioning systems. For example, data is monitored to infer whether a WiFi access point has moved or is new. In this fashion, data is continuously optimized. Likewise, suspect data may be avoided when determining the position of the WiFi-enabled device using such a system.
Description
Technical field
The location-based business of relate generally to of the present invention relates to the method for quality of the WiFi position data that is used for optimizing continuously or improve such system on concrete.
Background technology
In the last few years, the quantity of mobile computing device increased considerably, and had produced the needs for more advanced mobile and wireless traffic.It is the example how new application forms on mobile device that mobile E-mail, intercom business, multi-player gaming and calling are followed.In addition, the user is beginning requirement/seek and not only utilizes their current location but also share the application of that positional information with other people.Father and mother wish to follow the tracks of their child, and administrative staff need follow the tracks of the position of the delivery vehicle of company, and business travelers wishes to find nearest pharmacy to obtain prescription.All these examples require people to know themselves current location or other people current location.So far, we depend on and seek direction, call out someone and inquire its place or allow the workman report their position every now and then.
Location-based business is emerging mobile application, and it utilizes the ability of new equipment to calculate their current geographic position, and it is reported to user or business.Some examples of these business comprise local weather, up-to-date traffic, driving direction, children's tracker, partner's finder and city gatekeeper service.These new position sensitive device depend on the multiple technologies of all using same total design.Use is from the radio signal of known datum point, and these equipment can calculate the position of user with respect to these datum marks on mathematics.According to them employed radiotechnics and location algorithm, each of these means has its advantage and weak tendency.
Use tens orbiting satellites as datum mark by the global positioning system (GPS) of U.S. government's operation.The radio signal that these satellite broadcastings are picked up by the GPS receiver.Described receiver is measured that signal and is arrived the used time of receiver.After receiving signal from three or more gps satellites, described receiver can its position on earth of triangulation.For the system that makes works effectively, radio signal must arrive receiver with very little interference or interference-free.Weather, building or structure and plant can cause interference, because receiver need be to the sight line of knowing of three or more satellites.The phenomenon that is called as multipath also can cause interference.Radio signal from satellite is rebounded from physical structure, and feasible a plurality of signals from same satellite arrive receiver at different time.Because the calculating of receiver arrives the used time of receiver based on signal, so multipath signal makes the receiver confusion, and causes sizable error.
Cell tower triangulation is another method that is used for determining the position of user or equipment by wireless and cellular carrier.Wireless network and handheld device communicate with one another, and can be used to the signal message of the position of computing equipment with shared network.This means were counted as the high level model for GPS originally, because these signals do not require the straight line of website, and can penetrate building better.Unfortunately, because the consistency in the problem of foreign peoples's characteristic of cell tower hardware and multipath signal and the cell tower location lacks, these means have been proved to be and have not been optimal.
Assistant GPS is a kind of new model, and its combined GPS and cellular tower techniques produce mobile subscriber's more accurate and reliable position and calculate.In this model, wireless network is attempted by sending about the clock skew of gps satellite and information based on user's general position of the position of the cell tower that is connected, helps GPS and improves its signal and receive.These technology can help the GPS receiver handle indoor experience than weak signal, and help receiver to obtain " fixing " on nearest satellite, " reading first " is provided more quickly.These systems have locked into slow-response time and poor accuracy---in downtown greater than 100 meters.
The alternative model that some renewals occurred, it is developed the known problem of attempting and handle GPS, A-GPS and cell tower location.One of them that is called as TV-GPS uses signal from television broadcast towers (referring to for example Muthukrishnan, Maria Lijding, PaulHavinga, Towards Smart Surroundings:Enabling Techniques andTechnologies for Localization, Lecture Notes in Computer Science, Volume 3479, Jan 2Hazas, M., Scott, J., Krumm, J.:Location-AwareComputing Comes of Age.IEEE Computer, 37 (2): 95-97, Feb 2004005, Pa005, Pages 350-362).Described notion depends on the fact that most of metropolitan areas have 3 or more television broadcast towers.Proprietary hardware chip receives the TV signal from these each towers, and the known location of using these towers is as datum mark.The challenge that this model is faced is the cost of new hardware receiver and the limitation of using so little benchmark point set.For example, if the user outside the circumference of described tower, then described system is difficult to provide rational precision.Typical example is the user along the coastline.Because in the ocean, there is not television tower, therefore can not between datum mark, provide the benchmark symmetry, cause calculating well user's position in the inland.
Microsoft and Intel company (via the seminar that is called as PlaceLab) have disposed a kind of Wi-Fi navigation system, it uses the access point location that obtains from sparetime scanning person (being called as " wardriver "), the Wi-Fi scan-data that described amateurish scanning person submits them to public community website is (referring to for example LaMarca, A., Deng the people, Place Lab:Device Positioning Using Radio Beacons in the Wild).Example comprises WiGLE, Wi-FiMaps.com, Netstumbler.com and NodeDB.Microsoft and Intel have developed their client software, and it utilizes these public wardriving data as the reference position.Because people spontaneously provide described data, therefore described system stands a plurality of Performance And Reliability problems.At first, the data on the database are not of the same period; Some data are new, and other parts are before the 3-4.The age of access point location is important, because along with past of time, accessing points can be moved or off-line.Secondly, use a plurality of hardware and softwares to dispose and obtain described data.Each 802.22 radio and antenna have the unlike signal receiving feature, and this influences the expression of signal strength signal intensity.Each scanning software is implemented in different time interim and scans the Wi-Fi signal by different way.The 3rd, the data that the user provides stand arterial bias.Because described data are to report voluntarily that by the individual of scanning route according to design not data trend towards compiling around congested in traffic zone.Arterial bias makes that the position pulls to main line as a result, no matter and user's present located position how, cause sizable trueness error.The 4th, these databases comprise the calculating location of the accessing points that is scanned, rather than pass through the original scan-data that 802.11 hardware obtain.Each of these databases is differently calculated access point location, and each uses the average formula of preliminary weighting.The result is that many accessing points are indicated as the position that is positioned at away from their physical location, and some accessing points are designated as them mistakenly and are in water.
Occurred is that a plurality of commerce of the Wi-Fi navigation system of target provide scheme (referring to for example Kavitha Muthukrishnan with the indoor positioning, Maria Lijding, PaulHavinga, Towards Smart Surroundings:Enabling Techniques andTechnologies for Localization, Lecture Notes in Computer Science, Volume 3479, Jan 2Hazas, M., Scott, J., Krumm, J.:Location-AwareComputing Comes of Age.IEEE Computer, 37 (2): 95-97, Feb 2004005, Pa005, Pages 350-362).These systems are designed to be engaged in property and the personnel tracking in the controlled environment (such as HW premises, hospital area or loading terminal).Typical example is to have a kind of system, and it can monitor the exact position of urgent handcart in hospital, makes when cardiac arrest, and hospital personnel is not located described equipment with losing time.The required precision of these operating positions is very strict, requires the precision of 1-3 rice usually.These systems use multiple technologies to adjust their precision subtly, comprise that every square feet for the garden carries out detailed ground point measurement, to measure the propagation of radio signal.They also require constant network to connect, and make accessing points and client's wireless device to exchange synchronizing information similarly with the mode of A-GPS work.Though these systems are becoming more reliable for these indoor operating positions, their efficient in any wide-area deployment is low.Can not on entire city, carry out this point measurement at length of requirement, and can't depend on constant communication channel and reach the desired degree of these systems with 802.11 accessing points on the whole metropolitan area.Most important, outdoor radio propagation and indoor wireless electric transmission fundamental difference make these indoor positioning algorithms almost useless under the wide area situation.
Available many 802.11 positions scanning clients, it writes down the existence and the GPS position readings of 802.11 signals.These software application are by manual operation, and the journal file of generation reading.The example of these application is Netstumber, Kismet and Wi-FiFoFum.Some bit-benders use these should be used for marking the position of 802.11 access point signals that they detect and share each other.Sharing of the management of these data and information all is that the people carries out.These application are not carried out any calculating to the physical location of accessing points, and they only mark the position that detects accessing points.
The Performance And Reliability of bottom navigation system is that the key of the successful deployment of any location-based business drives.Performance refers to the precision level that system realizes for given operating position.Reliability refers to the percentage of the time of the performance level that realizes expectation.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides the method and system of in the WiFi navigation system, optimizing data continuously.For example, monitoring data is to infer whether the WiFi accessing points is mobile or new.Come to optimize continuously data by this way.Equally, when using such system to determine that WiFi enables the position of equipment, can avoid suspicious data.
In one aspect of the invention, whether location-based operation system is used WiFi to enable equipment to come the WiFi accessing points monitored object zone in, move with respect to the position of its precedence record to indicate the WiFi accessing points.WiFi enables the WiFi accessing points that equipment and described WiFi enable in the scope of equipment and communicates by letter, make observed WiFi accessing points identification itself; The visit benchmark database is with the information of the record position of each the observed WiFi accessing points in the acquisition desired target area.Whether the positional information that is write down combines with pre-defined rule and is used for each observed WiFi accessing points, move with respect to its record position to infer observed WiFi accessing points.Inferred the identity of any observed WiFi accessing points that has moved to described benchmark database notice.
In another aspect of the present invention, a kind of location-based operation system is used WiFi to enable equipment to come WiFi accessing points in the monitored object zone, to indicate whether newly observed WiFi accessing points.WiFi enables the WiFi accessing points that equipment and described WiFi enable in the scope of equipment and communicates by letter, make observed WiFi accessing points identification itself.The visit benchmark database is used to specify the information of the record position of each the observed WiFi accessing points in the target area with acquisition.Benchmark database does not specify the observed WiFi accessing points of the information of respective record position to be identified.The record position information of each observed WiFi accessing points is used to calculate the position that WiFi enables equipment.To benchmark database notice (in database, not having its information) WiFi accessing points, and provide the position that combines and calculate with described WiFi accessing points to described benchmark database, with positional information as newly observed WiFi accessing points.
In another aspect of the present invention, a kind of WiFi of being used for enables the location-based operation system of equipment and calculates the position that WiFi enables equipment.WiFi enables the WiFi accessing points that equipment and described WiFi enable in the scope of equipment and communicates by letter, make observed WiFi accessing points identification itself.The visit benchmark database is specified the information of the record position of each observed WiFi accessing points with acquisition.The record position information of each observed WiFi accessing points combines with pre-defined rule and is used for determining whether observed WiFi accessing points should be included in one group of WiFi accessing points or therefrom eliminating.When calculating WiFi enables the geographical position of equipment, only use the record position information that is included in the WiFi accessing points in described group, and get rid of the record position information of the WiFi accessing points that is excluded.
Description of drawings
In the accompanying drawings,
Fig. 1 has described the specific embodiment of WiFi navigation system;
Fig. 2 has described the representative framework according to the positioning software of specific embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 3 has described the data transfer process among the embodiment of specific client devices center;
Fig. 4 has described the data transfer process among the embodiment of particular network center;
Fig. 5 has described the data flow that is used for quality filtration and feedback processing; And
Fig. 6 has described the operation of the adaptive filtering device in the specific embodiment.
Embodiment
The preferred embodiments of the present invention provide a kind of system and method, are used for safeguarding continuously and upgrading position data in the WiFi navigation system (WPS) of using public and privately owned 802.11 accessing points.Preferably, use client to be used for avoiding the technology of misdata, and use newfound positional information to improve the quality of previous collection and definite positional information in the process of definite WiFi position by the position data of described systematic collection.Certain embodiments is communicated by letter with the middle position access point reference database, so that the position of newfound accessing points to be provided.Other embodiment are according to the previous reading of the position of accessing points, notify its reading to drop on accessing points outside the border that should expect to the middle position access point reference database.The accessing points that its reading drops on outside the position that should expect can be noted as suspicious and filtering from the triangulation calculation formula, so that do not introduce the data of difference to position calculation.
The preferred embodiments of the present invention are based on disclosed technology, system and method in the application of early submitting to, the described application of early submitting to includes, but are not limited to the U.S. Patent application 11/261 in submission on October 28th, 2005,988, its exercise question is " Location-Based Servicesthat Choose Location Algorithms Based on Number of DetectedAccess Points Within Range of User Device ", and its content is included in this by integral body by reference.The concrete mode of the high quality location data of collecting the WiFi accessing points has been instructed in those applications, makes such data to be used for determining using the WiFi of such business to enable the geographical position of equipment by location-based business.In this case, disclose new technology, for example be used for moving, monitored continuously and improve such data by new accessing points or infer accesses point that the user detects in the target area.But present technique is not limited to disclosed system and method in the patent application of incorporating into.On the contrary, those applications disclose an only framework or the environment that wherein can implement present technique.Therefore, though may be useful for quoting of such system and application, do not need it to understand current embodiment of the present invention in detail.
Under one embodiment of the present of invention, the WPS client device scans for access points is to determine the physical location of WPS customer equipment, then it by comparative observation to reading and the record reading in the database, calculate the quality of the current accessed point position in the access point reference database.If the client determines observed reading and drops on outside the border of expecting according to the reading of record, then is labeled as described accessing points suspicious.That suspicious reading is recorded in the reponse system so that repay to the middle position access point reference database.
Under an alternative embodiment of the invention, the WPS customer equipment is the suspect access points of filtering identification from the triangulation calculation of WPS customer equipment in real time, so that do not introduce the data of difference to position calculation.
Under an alternative embodiment of the invention, the WPS client device scans for access points to be determining described devices'physical locations, and is identified in non-existent accessing points in the current accessed point benchmark database.After the use known access points is come the current location of computing equipment, use the calculating location of known access points to help determine its position and observed power reading, those newfound accessing points are write down back the middle position access point reference database.
Under an alternative embodiment of the invention, equipment center WPS customer equipment regularly is connected to the middle position access point reference database, to download up-to-date accessing points data.The WPS customer equipment is also uploaded all feedback data about newly observed accessing points and suspect access points.These data are handled to recalibrate whole system by feed-in middle position access point reference database then.
Under an alternative embodiment of the invention, the WPS of network center customer equipment directly will be about the feedback data real time record of newly observed accessing points and suspect access points in the middle position access point reference database.
Upgrade access point reference database by using the WPS customer equipment to use about new continuously with information suspect access points, the WiFi navigation system provides than by the higher-quality data of the system of the unique scanning of supplier.Along with the time goes over, the WiFi accessing points increases constantly and moves.Described embodiments of the invention provide and have been used to guarantee that access point reference database is from the increase that recovers and the system and method for expansion certainly, provide to reflect available access points continuously and the best located data of change.When the more user's customer equipment of arrangement, the quality improvement of access point reference database is because the information in the database is upgraded more continually.
Fig. 1 has described the part of a preferred embodiment of WiFi navigation system (WPS).Described navigation system comprises positioning software [103], and it resides on user's computing equipment [101].Have fixed wireless accessing points [102] on particular coverage, it uses control/common channel broadcast signals to come broadcast message.The described broadcast singal of described client device monitors or ask its transmission via probe requests thereby.Each accessing points comprises the unique hardware identifier that is called as MAC Address.802.11 accessing points received signal beacon or the probe responses of client's positioning software in the scope, and the geographical position of using the characteristic of the signal beacon that receives or probe response to calculate described computing equipment.
Illustrate in greater detail described positioning software referring to Fig. 2, Fig. 2 has described the representative of positioning software 103 and has formed.Usually, in the subscriber equipment embodiment of Fig. 1, exist the use location reading that the application or the business [201] of certain value (for example driving direction) are provided to the terminal use.This location application is to the position of the described equipment of positioning software request in that particular moment.Described location application can be started continuously in the period in each past (for example per second), perhaps was activated once according to Another application or user's requirement.
In Fig. 2, described location application is to the all-access point of positioning software request in particular moment inquiry scope, and determines the suspicious accessing points because observed data do not correspond to calculating location in the benchmark database.The information about suspect access points of being collected by described location application is used in real time or the positional information of certain time-optimized access point reference database afterwards.
In the described embodiment of Fig. 2, described location application or service request start scanner [202], and its 802.11 radio devices [203] on equipment send " scan request ".Described 802.11 radio devices 802.11 accessing points of all in scope [204] are sent probe requests thereby.According to 802.11 agreements, those accessing points that receive probe requests thereby comprise broadcast beacon about the information of described accessing points with transmission.That beacon comprise equipment MAC Address, network title, its support agreement accurate version, its security configuration and about how being connected to the information of described equipment.802.11 radio device is collected this information from each accessing points of response, calculates the received signal intensity (" RSS ") of observed each accessing points, and beams back identification and RSS information to scanner.
Scanner is sent to locator [206] with this accessing points array, and described locator [206] is checked the MAC Address of each observed accessing points with respect to access point reference database [205].This database can be positioned on the described equipment or by network and connect long range positioning.Described access point reference database comprises the calculating location that original 802.11 scan-datas add each accessing points that system is known.Fig. 5 has described access point evaluation process in more detail.Obtain the tabulation [501] of observed accessing points from scanner, and locator [206] is searched for each accessing points in access point reference database.For each accessing points that in access point reference database, finds, search records position [502].Locator is sent to mass filter [207] with this set [502] of the positional information of known access points and from the characteristics of signals that each accessing points is returned.This filter determines whether that any accessing points has moved since they are added to access point reference database, and works constantly to improve whole system.Described mass filter will make the accessing points of quality algorithm failure be labeled as " suspicious " [504].After the data record of having removed difference, filter sends remaining accessing points to location calculation component [208].Use is from one group of effective reference data of access point reference database with from the signal strength readings of scanner, and described location calculation component computes is in that position constantly.Described location calculation component is also calculated the position [503] of any newly observed accessing points that does not find in access point reference database.Can find out in Fig. 2 that the location storage of original scan-data and new accessing points is in feedback file [212].This feedback is stored locally on the described equipment so that send to server later on or sent to server in real time.Before beaming back the position data of known access points to locator, its smoothed engine [209] is handled, and a series of position readings that described level and smooth engine is on average pass by are so that remove any false readings from previous calculating.Adjusted position data is beamed back locator then.
The position readings of the calculating that is produced by locator is sent to these location-based application [201] by application interface [210] (it comprises application programming interfaces (API)) or via virtual GPS ability [211].The GPS receiver uses proprietary message or use location standard (such as the standard by National Maritime Electronics Association (NMEA) exploitation) to transmit their position readings.Use the standard interface (such as COM port) on the machine to be connected to the described message of retrieval in the described equipment.Specific embodiment of the present invention comprises the virtual GPS ability, and it allows any GPS compliant applications to communicate by letter with this new navigation system, and needn't change traffic model or message.
Use a series of location algorithms (it attempts to make noise data stream to become reliable and stable position readings) to produce position calculation.The tabulation of the accessing points that the client software comparative observation arrives and their signal calculated intensity are with weighting user's position, so that determine equipment user's exact position.Multiple technologies are used, comprising simple signal strength weighted average model, with the combined nearest neighbor model of triangulation technique and based on the adaptive smooth of device rate.Algorithms of different is carried out better under different situations, and trends towards using together in mixed deployment to produce last reading the most accurately.The preferred embodiments of the present invention can be used a plurality of location algorithms.Quantity by observed accessing points and use its user's situation should be used for driving judgement for using which algorithm.Filtering model is different with conventional alignment systems, because legacy system depends on the known datum point that never moves.In the model of described preferred embodiment, this hypothesis of the fixed position a little that do not conduct interviews; Accessing points be can't help navigation system and is had, so they can move or off-line.Filtering technique supposes that some accessing points may no longer be arranged in same position, and can cause poor position calculation.Therefore, filter algorithm attempts to isolate the accessing points that has moved since their position is recorded.Filter is dynamic, and changes according to the quantity in that observed accessing points of moment.Described smoothing algorithm comprises senior Bayes (Bayesian) logic that simple position is average and comprise particle filter.Described rate algorithm comes computing equipment speed by observing the estimating Doppler effect from the signal strength signal intensity of each accessing points.
Optimize the quality of current accessed point data
Mass filter [207] parts will be compared with the known access points in the local or remote access point benchmark database from the data of observed accessing points.Be arranged in those observed accessing points of access point reference database for its MAC Address, described mass filter parts are compared the information of observing with the position of accessing points in being stored in described database.
The Premium Features of mass filter [207] are to remove suspect access points from position calculation, and the result has improved the precision of location estimation.Described mass filter only uses the accessing points that is arranged in access point reference database.In some cases, mass filter will not have current client device location history to be used for quality to determine.Be used for discerning processing that suspect access points do not have a history location estimation position based on the maximum accessing points that is stored in database bunch.The position of all observed accessing points that consideration is write down in access point reference database, and with the mean place of described maximum accessing points bunch as datum mark.Bunch refer to based on distance bunch, it is such group access point, wherein the distance of at least one the other accessing points in each accessing points and described bunch is less than a threshold value.It is as follows that described bunch of algorithm is illustrated, and it is read as " if exist such as n in bunch K
iAt least one element, the distance of itself and n is less than threshold value, then node n belongs to a bunch K ":
If can not find bunch, then the mathematic(al) mean intermediate value of accessing points is as the best estimate of the range averaging of most of accessing points.
If any individual access point is calculated as greater than giving set a distance to the distance of datum mark, then it is defined as suspect access points, and records in the feedback file that will beam back access point reference database.Then, remove those suspect access points from the tabulation of the accessing points of the position that is used for calculating subscriber equipment.
The suspect access points that identification is used for customer equipment when having historical that the user moves is based on the previous position of customer equipment.Figure 6 illustrates this definite representative implements.Therein among the embodiment of location history, each period (normally per second once) continuously the computing client device location calculate.If greater than giving set a distance [603], then it is defined as suspect access points to any independently observed accessing points [602] to the distance of that historical datum mark (previous position calculatings), be added to feedback file and by removal from calculate.This filter be intended that trial and use and the nearest accessing points of user/equipment [601], so that the highest possible precision to be provided.This filter is called as the adaptive filtering device, because arrive the threshold distance dynamic change of filter suspect access points.According to the quantity of the accessing points that is considered good quality, change the threshold distance that is used to discern suspect access points dynamically with the position that is used for computing client equipment.Therefore, the adaptive filtering device comprises two factors: 1) be used for the minimum number of the required accessing points of locating user devices, 2) be used to discern the minimum threshold of distance of suspect access points.Described adaptive filtering device begins with minimum threshold of distance.If in the quantity of the interior accessing points of that distance greater than being used for the required minimum access number of spots in computing client position, the position of then calculating described equipment.For example, if we find 5 accessing points in 20 meters of reading formerly, all observed accessing points greater than 20 meters of our filtering then.If do not satisfy filter criteria, then improve the adaptive filtering device threshold value [603] of described distance, up to having considered the minimum access number of spots or reached maximum to accept distance, then, the accessing points in the described threshold distance is used for locating user devices.If there is not accessing points to can be positioned in the maximal distance threshold [604] apart from previous position, calculating location not then.
Described positioning software continues to attempt locating described equipment according to previous position, up to the given duration of maximum.During this overtime stage,, then use the computational speed of described equipment to adjust maximal distance threshold if can not determine the position.If known automobile quickens with maximum 6 meter per seconds/second, and it before had been calculated as with 20mph and had advanced, then its can not be after two seconds with the rearmost position at a distance of greater than 42 meters.If do not work at period adaptive filtering device early, then these 42 meters distance limit are used to adjust the external boundary of described distance threshold.If the actual speed of computing client equipment is too difficult, then use maximum velocity threshold.If any accessing points be calculated as with datum mark at a distance of greater than maximal distance threshold, then it is noted as " suspicious " and is recorded in the feedback file.If there is not accessing points to can be positioned in the described maximal distance threshold during described timeout period, then the adaptive filtering device is ignored history, and regards the next example that the position is determined as no account of the history.And turn back to aforesaid bunch of filter.
The real time filtering of suspect access points
From to the input of trigonometric calculations, removing suspect access points, and only use effective access point location to come the described device location of trigonometric calculations [502].Input to triangulation algorithm is one group of effective accessing points [207] of returning from mass filter.Triangulation component reads in the tabulation of effective observed access point location and signal strength signal intensity separately thereof, and calculates latitude and longitude and horizontal position error (in the estimated value of that trueness error constantly).Described triangulation process is also considered previous position, to increase other filter to scanning, so that use smoothing processing.By the filtering suspect access points, we provide one group of more reliable datum mark to triangulation algorithm, to calculate based on it.Because accessing points can move at any time, so positioning software must be considered the dynamic characteristic of datum mark.Do not filter, the position of being calculated can cause the position outside hundreds of or several thousand miles.
Suspect access points not exclusively is dropped.But via the newly observed position add-back database of feedback file [212] with them, and it is suspicious to use different attribute that it is designated as, and makes that server can determine whether to move the official position of that accessing points or only preserve it up to verifying its reposition.By preserving it, this accessing points will not destroyed any other user's position calculation.
Increase new accessing points data
After eliminating suspect access points, the observed accessing points of finding in the access point reference database of known access points is used for the position of computing client equipment.Its MAC Address is represented since the new accessing points [302] [503] of setting up or more having increased since the new database in the observed accessing points that access point reference database does not find.Undiscovered those observed accessing points are added in the feedback file as new accessing points in the known access points benchmark database.Those newfound accessing points are marked the position and the observed signal strength signal intensity of the customer equipment that is calculated by navigation system itself.This situation can occur in a plurality of situations.In many cases, since the last physical scan of self-scanning fleet, bought and disposed new accessing points nearby.Because the quick expansion of WiFi often is this situation.In other cases, accessing points can be positioned at the depths, center of building, and scanning fleet can not detect that accessing points from the street.Another example is that accessing points can be positioned on the high level of high constructure.May be difficult to detect these accessing points, but can receive these accessing points with nearly building or customer equipment itself that enter building by the user from the street of scanning fleet operations.
By making system's " expansion certainly " by this way, the coverage of described system expands to the building depths lentamente, and upwards expands in the high constructure.It has also utilized a large amount of new accessing points of disposing every day in the world.
Upgrade central database server
Referring to Fig. 3, in certain embodiments, the access point reference database of known access points will be positioned on the central network server away from customer equipment.Providing of this connection can be carried out via any available network connection, and managed by data change unit [303].In case be verified, customer equipment [103] is discerned all suspicious and new accessing points data from local store feedback file [212], and that data upload is arrived access point reference database [205].
In other embodiments, described customer equipment uses network to connect and always is connected to access point reference database.Fig. 4 has described the embodiment of network center and how to have worked.Be not local Memory Reference data, but described locator [201] use one group of real-time network interface [401] to communicate by letter with access point reference database.Described locator sends the tabulation of observed accessing points to network interface, network interface return the tabulation of observed accessing points and whether database write down the position or whether described accessing points is newfound.Described processing such as preceding continuation, mass filter mark suspect access points, but the tabulation of suspect access points is sent to access point reference database in real time.After computing module was determined the position of subscriber equipment, the tabulation of newfound accessing points was marked current location, and was beamed back database in real time.This makes that described database can be always up-to-date, and has eliminated the needs for data change unit.
After receiving feedback data, in equipment center or network center's model, access point reference database determines whether suspect access points " time-out " destroyed the position requests of another subscriber equipment so that prevent them.How this feedback data that exists multiple technologies to be used for optimizing suspect access points is used to improve the total quality of database.A kind of voting scheme can be arranged, and by this scheme, if more than a user accessing points is positioned at its reposition, then accessing points is moved to reposition.Iff a user accessing points is labeled as suspiciously, then described accessing points is noted as the low quality reading at its reposition.In case its reposition is confirmed that by another user then the qualitative attribute of described accessing points is enhanced, the higher confidence level that has at reposition with the reflection system.Have many more people to confirm the reposition of described accessing points, then quality level is high more.Therefore the client software of described system more likes the accessing points with high-quality level with respect to the accessing points that has than low-quality level.
In equipment center or network center's model, access point reference database is collected the access point signals strength information of accessing points identifying information, client device location and newfound accessing points from customer equipment.In case access point reference database is collected the reading of the acceptable number of newfound accessing points, then it can calculate the position of new accessing points according to the system and method for describing in related application.Newfound accessing points can be provided to customer equipment subsequently, is used for their position calculation.
Can understand that scope of the present invention is not limited to the foregoing description, but be limited by appended claim; And these claims will contain for the modification of described content and improvement.
Claims (19)
1. in location-based operation system, use WiFi to enable the method that equipment comes the WiFi accessing points in the monitored object zone whether to move with respect to its precedence record position with indication WiFi accessing points, described method comprises following behavior:
A) WiFi enables the WiFi accessing points that equipment and described WiFi enable in the scope of equipment and communicates by letter, make observed WiFi accessing points identification itself;
B) the visit benchmark database is with the information of the record position of each the observed WiFi accessing points in the acquisition desired target area;
C) use the record position information of each observed WiFi accessing points in combination with pre-defined rule, infer whether observed WiFi accessing points moves with respect to its record position;
D) notify the identity of being inferred any observed WiFi accessing points that has moved to described benchmark database.
2. according to the process of claim 1 wherein, described pre-defined rule comprise (i) be used to discern observed WiFi accessing points bunch rule, (ii) be used to determine to have maximum quantity the WiFi accessing points bunch rule; (iii) be used for the rule of on average calculating reference point location by the record position of the observed WiFi accessing points in maximum bunch; And its record position that (iv) is used for being stored in benchmark database is inferred as the rule that is moved greater than any observed WiFi accessing points with the threshold distance of datum mark.
3. according to the method for claim 1, wherein, described pre-defined rule comprises: (i) be used to calculate the rule in the centre position of observed WiFi accessing points, its position that (ii) is used for being stored in benchmark database is identified as suspicious rule greater than any observed WiFi accessing points with the threshold distance in described centre position.
4. according to the method for claim 1, wherein, described pre-defined rule comprises: (i) be used for the proximal most position that WiFi enables equipment is stored as the rule of datum mark, its position that (ii) is used for being stored in benchmark database is identified as suspicious rule greater than any observed WiFi accessing points with the threshold distance in described centre position.
5. according to the method for claim 4, wherein, described method is further determined the speed that WiFi enables equipment, and wherein, enables the speed of equipment according to described WiFi and select described threshold distance.
6. according to the process of claim 1 wherein, described benchmark database is enabled equipment by long range positioning with respect to described WiFi.
7. according to the process of claim 1 wherein, mark is identified as suspicious WiFi accessing points in benchmark database immediately.
8. according to the process of claim 1 wherein, in benchmark database, be labeled in later described WiFi and enable and be identified as suspicious WiFi accessing points in the equipment.
9. according to the method for claim 1, wherein, described benchmark database is the part with location-based operation system of a large amount of a plurality of users, each user has WiFi and enables equipment, described WiFi enables equipment and has the logical circuit that the WiFi that is used for definite each user enables the geographical position of equipment, wherein, enabling equipment by described a large amount of a plurality of WiFi uses described system to come repeatedly act of execution (a) to (d).
10. in location-based operation system, be used to use WiFi to enable equipment and come WiFi accessing points in the monitored object zone to indicate whether the method for newly observed WiFi accessing points, described method comprises following behavior:
A) WiFi enables the WiFi accessing points that equipment and described WiFi enable in the scope of equipment and communicates by letter, make observed WiFi accessing points identification itself;
B) the visit benchmark database is with the information of the record position of each the observed WiFi accessing points in the acquisition desired target area;
C) the identification benchmark database does not have the observed WiFi accessing points of it being specified the information of respective record position;
D) use the record position information of each the observed WiFi accessing points that in behavior (b), obtains to calculate the position that WiFi enables equipment;
E) notify the WiFi accessing points of in behavior (c), discerning to benchmark database, and be provided at the position of calculating in the step (d) in combination, with positional information as newly observed WiFi accessing points with it.
11. the method according to claim 10 also comprises: the signal strength information of record WiFi accessing points, and when calculating WiFi enables the position of equipment, use described signal strength information.
12. according to the method for claim 10, wherein, described benchmark database with respect to subscriber equipment by long range positioning.
13., wherein, add being identified as new WiFi accessing points immediately to described benchmark database according to the method for claim 12.
14., wherein, be identified as new WiFi accessing points and be stored in WiFi and enable in the equipment, and be added to benchmark database afterwards according to the method for claim 12.
15. method according to claim 10, wherein, described benchmark database is the part with location-based operation system of a large amount of a plurality of users, each user has WiFi and enables equipment, described WiFi enables equipment and has the logical circuit that the WiFi that is used for definite each user enables the geographical position of equipment, wherein, enabling equipment by described a large amount of a plurality of WiFi uses described system to come repeatedly act of execution (a) to (e).
16. be used for the location-based operation system that WiFi enables equipment, calculate the method that WiFi enables the position of equipment, comprise following behavior:
A) WiFi enables the WiFi accessing points that equipment and described WiFi enable in the scope of equipment and communicates by letter, make observed WiFi accessing points identification itself;
B) the visit benchmark database is specified the information of the record position of each observed WiFi accessing points with acquisition;
C) use the record position information of each observed WiFi accessing points in combination with pre-defined rule, determine whether observed WiFi accessing points to be included in one group of WiFi accessing points or from wherein getting rid of;
D) only use the record position information that is included in the WiFi accessing points in described group, and omit the record position information of the WiFi accessing points that is excluded, calculate the geographical position that WiFi enables equipment.
17. the method according to claim 16 further comprises: record is included in the signal strength information of the WiFi accessing points in described group, and when the described WiFi of calculating enables the geographical position of equipment, uses described signal strength information.
18. method according to claim 16, wherein, described pre-defined rule comprises the rule that is used for definite datum mark and the record position information of each observed WiFi accessing points is compared with described datum mark, wherein, WiFi accessing points with the interior record position of the predetermined threshold distance of datum mark is included in described group, and wherein, from described group, get rid of the WiFi accessing points have above the record position of the predetermined threshold distance of datum mark.
19. according to the method for claim 18, wherein, by identification WiFi accessing points bunch, and the mean place of the WiFi accessing points in determining described bunch is determined described datum mark.
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| US65481105P | 2005-02-22 | 2005-02-22 | |
| US60/654,811 | 2005-02-22 | ||
| US11/261,988 | 2005-10-28 |
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| CN101208965A true CN101208965A (en) | 2008-06-25 |
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| CNA2006800056867A Pending CN101208965A (en) | 2005-02-22 | 2006-02-22 | Continuous data optimization in positioning system |
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