CN103813479A - Method for constructing temporary communication network - Google Patents
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- CN103813479A CN103813479A CN201410091663.9A CN201410091663A CN103813479A CN 103813479 A CN103813479 A CN 103813479A CN 201410091663 A CN201410091663 A CN 201410091663A CN 103813479 A CN103813479 A CN 103813479A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for constructing a temporary communication network. The ZigBee technology is used for connecting a network, all nodes of the network are nodes of a mobile terminal, one of the nodes serves as a center node of a temporary communication network and is responsible for the establishment and management of the entire network, the type of a device is ZC, the types of devices of the remaining nodes can be ZR or ZED, and the remaining nodes except the center node of the mobile terminal are connected with the network after being permitted by the center node or added nodes; a topological structure is of a star or tree shape, and at least one voice or data communication function is achieved. The network can be selected to achieve a voice and data interaction function similar to that of an interphone, a mobile phone and an instant messaging software, and the priority is needed to be set to ensure high-priority communication that due to the limited bandwidth. According to the method for constructing the temporary communication network, the network construction cost is low, and the frequency band is free to use and high in safety. The method for constructing the temporary communication network is applicable to all kinds of outdoor occasions, in particular to outdoor occasions with temporarily-combined participants.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technology of Internet of things field, relate in particular to a kind of provisional communication net construction method.
Background technology
ZigBee is a kind of wireless network protocol of low speed short-distance transmission.Zigbee protocol is respectively physical layer (PHY), MAC layer (MAC), transport layer (TL), network layer (NWK), application layer (APL) etc. from top to bottom.Wherein physical layer and MAC layer are followed the regulation of IEEE802.15.4 standard.The feature of ZigBee mainly contains the following aspects: (1) low-power consumption.Under low power consumption standby mode, No. 5 dry cells of 2 joints can be supported 1 node work 6 ~ 24 months, even longer.This is the outstanding advantage of ZigBee.Compare, bluetooth can be worked and can be worked a few hours several weeks, Wi-Fi.(2) low cost.By significantly simplify agreement (less than bluetooth 1/10), reduced the requirement to communication controler, by forecast analysis, with 8051 8 8-digit microcontroller measuring and calculating, Full Featured host node needs 32KB code, and subfunction node is few to 4KB code, and ZigBee exempts from agreement patent fee.(3) low rate.ZigBee is operated in the communication speed of 250kbps, meets the application demand of lower rate transmissions data.(4) closely.Transmission range generally, between 10～100m, increasing after RF transmitting power, also rises to 1 ~ 3km.This refers to the distance between adjacent node.If by the relay of route and inter-node communication, transmission range can be farther.(5) prolong in short-term.The response speed of ZigBee is very fast, generally proceeds to operating state from sleep and only needs 15ms, and node connection enters network only needs 30ms, has further saved electric energy.Compare, bluetooth needs 3 ~ 10s, Wi-Fi to need 3s.(6) high power capacity.ZigBee can adopt starlike, tree-shaped and mesh network topology, manages some child nodes by a host node, and maximum host nodes can be managed 254 child nodes; Host node also can, by last layer network node control, can form at most the large net of 65000 nodes simultaneously.(7) high safety.ZigBee provides three level security patterns, comprises the symmetric cryptography that prevents illegally obtaining data and adopt Advanced Encryption Standard (AES128) without security settings, use access control inventory (ACL), to determine flexibly its security attribute.8) unlicensed band.Adopt direct sequence spread spectrum in the industrial science medical treatment 2.4GHz(whole world) (ISM) frequency range.The be divided into telegon of equipment (Coordinator in ZigBee-network, ZigBee-network telegon is referred to as ZC thus), router (Router, ZigBee-network router is referred to as ZR thus), the Three role such as terminal equipment (EndDevice, ZigBee-network terminal equipment is referred to as ZED thus).ZigBee is as a kind of short-distance wireless communication technology, because its network can, easily for user provides wireless data transmission function, therefore have very strong applicability in Internet of Things field.According to the These characteristics of ZigBee, can be applied to the flexible networking of the complex environments such as field.As a kind of communication network, naturally also can be used for voice communication.The ZigBee transmission data rate of standard is 250Kbps, the transmission rate that manufacturer supports at present can reach 1Mbps, higher transmission rate means lower receiving sensitivity, also mean shorter communication distance, therefore in the less demanding occasion of speech quality, use the minimum the poorest speech quality of accepting, i.e. minimum communication traffic, to guarantee speech range as far as possible.Under the communication speed of 250Kbps, there is in theory the delivery flow rate of 25KBps, can meet telephony quality, be i.e. ITU-TG711 standard, 8kHz sampling, 8bit quantizes, code check 64Kbps, and AM broadcast adopts ITU-TG722 standard, 16kHz sampling, 14bit quantizes, code check 224Kbps, and standard ZigBee250kbps is also satisfiable.Wireless speech communication, because the data volume of transmission will be lacked as far as possible, therefore need to adopt voice compression algorithm first data to be compressed conventionally, and then transmission, and recipient plays after according to corresponding decompression algorithm decompress(ion).A typical ZigBee speech communication system gathers speech data by audio ADC chip, via I2S bus transfer in the single-chip microcomputer with Audio Processing Unit (as ZICM2410 chip), through hardware compression unit, carry out data compression, optional μ-law, A-law and ADPCM etc., then enter the FIFO of MAC layer, be finally modulated into emission of radio frequency signals by PHY layer and go out.Zeng Yonghua has designed a kind of voice communication system in " the under-mine voice communication system design based on ZigBee technology ", but about how networking is not elaborated.The mobile phone that changes that doctor's Chen Liuming of state-run Kaohsiung, Taiwan university " being applied to the mobile phone system of changing of the real-time phonetic transmission under ZigBee-network environment " realized stable high-quality communication for the terminal that is in movement between multiple base stations (telegon or router) has been manufactured further research, and this achievement in research has proved to set up a ZigBee-network that is similar to mobile operator cellular communication and carried out voice communication.
Existing provisional communication net, is generally used for and does not have the place of ready-made communication network to carry out voice or data communication, has wireless and wired two kinds of modes.The one, wireless mode, as emergent voice communication, in the situation that condition is permitted, can be with large-scale Emergency communication vehicle, set up the base station of an enough capacity, but this method cost is very high temporarily, the cost of Emergency communication vehicle is higher, be unsuitable for ungetable outlying district, and target is larger, in the time really facing a danger (such as in wartime) easily become target of attack.Comparatively simple method is to use intercom, but under the support that there is no corresponding base station, the communication range of intercom and capacity are all very limited; If use satellite phone use the restriction that is not subject to region, capacity etc., but outfit and use cost is higher, can not promote the use of as far as possible.The 2nd, wired mode, as built a local area network (LAN) in an interim meeting-place temporarily, is easily indoor building such as hotels, but it is just inconvenient to have arrived field, wilderness, the preparation of the network equipment and cable is cumbersome not so important, and Major Difficulties is not power supply, and equipment cannot turn round.The These characteristics of ZigBee-network and advantage can be for conveniently building emergency network, and relevant research shows that ZigBee-network also can be for voice communication, much less data communication is a most basic function of any network, is therefore applicable to for building a kind of provisional communication net.
Summary of the invention
The present invention will solve the problem that the existing provisional communication net scope of application is restricted and cost is higher.For addressing the above problem, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of provisional communication net construction method, utilizing on the bases such as the flexibility of ZigBee technology realization networking, convenience, fail safe, realize a kind of interim voice and/or data communication network, thereby can carry out anywhere or anytime mobile communication application with lower cost, more be convenient to use in the inconvenient open air of originally communicating by letter.
A kind of provisional communication net construction method of the present invention, has at least realized a kind of voice or communication function thereon take ZigBee-network as basis, and concrete scheme is:
The networking of employing ZigBee technology, in network, all nodes are all mobile terminal node, it is ZC that one of them node is responsible for developing and managing its device type of whole network as the Centroid of provisional communication net, all the other node device types can be ZR and also can be ZED, the license that all the other mobile terminal node networkings need process Centroid or add ingress except Centroid.Network topology structure is generally the hub-and-spoke configuration centered by Centroid, in the time of other node access network situation that to have by device type be ZR, be that tree structure and depth capacity are no more than, the normal transmission that only may well exceed ZigBee equipment used in distribution apart from time or be blocked etc. in situation and just can use, and general ZigBee module transmission range is 70-100 rice, adopt the enhancement mode ZigBee module communication of power amplification can reach more than 3000 meters apart from maximum, distance is visual range above, transmission range real in practical application can be because of various environmental factors interference as by building, physical relief stops and shortens, therefore generally speaking, hub-and-spoke configuration can meet networking needs in most cases substantially, the node access network that only really far away in distance or mobile terminal need to be just ZR by device type when too many.Do not allow not licensed equipment add this ZigBee-network and allow licensed equipment (be generally Centroid by determining that reliable node networks in order to ensure safety, the node for this with relay function that the node that need to be ZR through device type adds, can fix like this and simplified network topological structure), can arrange all nodes in advance.The one, unified individual territory net identifier (PAN ID) is set, the interior all equipment of this provisional communication net (comprising the equipment networking possibly) all arranges same foundation or adds the PAN ID at networking.The 2nd, arrange in advance one at Centroid, in thering is the node of relay function and allow the equipment list adding, each corresponding record of the equipment that adds that allows, and by its IEEE address (also can be MAC Address) and/or the network address (also can be logical address), equipment is carried out to unique identification, indicate IEEE address and/or the network address of the father node (base-station node and via node) that will add network for mobile terminal node, by this prior authentication control that networks; Also can pass through temporary license issuing, when will adding network, first sends mobile terminal request, if Centroid or the node with relay function are received request license, accept its request it can be networked, the mode of this interim request can be adapted to some at ordinary times strange but interim participant together add network.In order further to ensure safety, can also increase password authentication.
Topological structure is generally star-like centered by Centroid, be only 1 because the hub-and-spoke configuration network degree of depth is the shortest, except Centroid, network distance (jumping figure) between any two nodes is 2, also be the shortest, can reduce like this time delay that Internet Transmission causes, if adopt complicated network structure, two network distance nodes far away intercom mutually and can have obvious network delay.While having the node access network situation by having relay function be tree-like and depth capacity is no more than 5, use the node with relay function and mainly contain two kinds of situations, and the one, under complex environment, the 2nd, spacing distance exceedes the transmission range of ZigBee module herein.In the first situation, can in the situation that making base-station node guarantee to communicate by letter with via node, (can all adopt enhancement mode ZigBee module), if some mobile terminals (employing be standard type ZigBee module) can not be linked base-station node, link by the node with relay function, like this network topology structure just from star-like become tree-like, so in order to occur in the face of this situation, in mobile terminal node, can indicate respectively IEEE address and/or the network address of Zhufu node (being generally base-station node) and the father node for subsequent use (being generally via node) that can add network, preferentially add network from base-station node, when not all right, just add network by via node.In the second situation, be applicable to two groups and above corporate action and have the situation of one group of apart from each other at least, far away like this one group must be passed through via node access network, but want the degree of depth of limiting network, here be restricted to 5, if because organize outdoor activities large contingent troop as climbed the mountain time can draw very longly, so network distance can not be too short.
As a kind of provisional communication net, network at least will be realized a kind of voice or data communication function, and the data communication is here relative voice communication, just refers to non-voice communication.But ZigBee-network is as a kind of complete network technology, can realize the data communication of any type, as long as bandwidth license, but voice communications versus data communications refers to the voice communications versus data communications with interactivity that artificial active is initiated or controlled here, but not in some ZigBee-networks, pure program is independently mutual, specifically comprise: the one, be similar to the full duplex function of voice communication of mobile phone (here not containing the non-movable termination for interactive information between people, because they are not just originally to carry out voice communication originally), the voice communication of handset mode is modal, but owing to being full duplex, therefore higher for the requirement of bandwidth, the 2nd, be similar to the half-duplex voice communications function of intercom (here not containing the non-movable termination for interactive information between people, reason is the same), intercom pattern is that the semiduplex bandwidth taking will be lacked half, and be generally broadcast mode, people the whole network of talking all can be heard, this often need to use in police military scenario, can realize the intercom of call function one to one but also have at present, the 3rd, be similar to the data communication function of SMS or data are wherein extended to file and/or operational order, the short message of this function and file transmission are similar to the instant communication softwares such as common QQ, and operational order is mainly for the non-movable termination for interactive information between people, as control this class and be provided with the terminal returned data of some transducer, as photo site, vital sign information etc., also can be used for being used in the movable termination of interactive information between people and carry out certain action, as sent photo site in police occasion, suspect's photo or detailed action indication etc., the 4th, broadcast and/or the data communication function of multicast pattern or data are wherein extended to file and/or operational order, this is that a kind of communication mode and ZigBee-network of saving bandwidth supported (destination address is broadcast address or multicast address) completely to this, as sent photo site, suspect's photo in police occasion, be to send to everyone of participation action, allow all participants all have a good idea of how things stand, at this moment with broadcast mode not only fast but also save bandwidth, the 5th, the phonetic function (not containing the non-movable termination for interactive information between people) of full duplex and/or semiduplex conference model, conference model can be for specifically not specifying many people to discuss, and some softwares such as MSN have just been realized.Also have other various interactively voice communications versus data communications, this can be with reference to microblogging, micro-letter, footpath between fields, footpath between fields on the Internet at present, push away new voice and/or the data interaction communication of the various novel interchange software developments such as spy, the types of facial makeup in Beijing operas.
Mobile terminal adopts the mobile phone with ZigBee module, has had at present experimental product to occur, can carry out general communication with the network of mobile communication carrier at ordinary times.In the time that general communication inconvenience (as finite capacity) maybe can not adopt (as blind area), ZigBee module is carried out voice communication, its voice communication realizes principle and Zeng Yonghua is basic identical in " the under-mine voice communication system design based on ZigBee technology " described principle, but at current mobile phone as a processing terminal with power, can develop more easily corresponding software, and expand other voice communications versus data communications function.By except comprising the above-mentioned movable termination for interactive information between people, mobile terminal node also can comprise the non-movable termination for interactive information between people.In some occasions, except interpersonal communication, also need the movable sensor terminal that gathers particular data with some to communicate, to obtain corresponding detection data.Such as in the police when an outlying mountain village implements to arrest, in the time of the early stage inspection of the scene of a crime, some watch-dogs, sound pick-up outfit can be placed on to predetermined place to monitor, the data of the Real-time Collection of these sensor devices, can better ensure action in action time.
Due to the current general limited bandwidth of ZigBee-network, the ZigBee transmission data rate of standard is 250Kbps, just can meet the voice communication of telephone sound quality, adopts compress speech can further reduce taking of bandwidth, but can be not a lot.Therefore, will cause important communication to realize if there is bandwidth contention, should be to various communication function prioritization, to ensure that important communication can preferentially realize, and really reaches the effect of emergency communication in the time realizing emergency communication.Concrete scheme is:
For realized various communication functions arrange priority, running into conflict or when competition, the preferential guarantee of its communication of communication function that priority is high, the communication formerly of the identical communication function of priority preferentially ensures.Such as being similar to the half-duplex voice communications function of intercom and the data communication function priority of non-concentrated small data quantity is the highest, the full duplex function of voice communication priority that is similar to mobile phone is taken second place, and phonetic function, the data communication function priority concentrated or big data quantity of full duplex and/or semiduplex conference model are minimum.In police occasion, emergency communication mostly gets used to adopting intercom, intercom pattern can meet most needs of urgently needed occasion, and this pattern is for also not high (because being semiduplex) of requirement of bandwidth, therefore considers to give higher priority here.For some, the data communication of small data quantity, also can give higher priority, because this communication does not account for any bandwidth substantially, if but the data communications requests of small data quantity is too concentrated, also just and big data quantity is similar understands passage, therefore to give a restriction, exceed 200K as once must not transmit, in one minute, transmission quantity must not exceed 1M etc., can according to circumstances arrange.In the time of specific implementation, can consider most bandwidth for the bandwidth of voice communication, small part for data communication, two kinds of communications do not interfere with each other, the ZigBee-network of 2.4G has 16 channels, can distribute as required, and this is also a kind of mode that ensures priority.For the communication function of different priorities that is both voice communication or data communication, in the time running into conflict or competition, what priority was high can the low communication of interrupt priority level, but can adopt in two ways in the time realizing: the one, interrupt completely other communication, cut off logical links, the 2nd, only hang up the logical links that still retains communication, after the high sign off of priority, automatically recover communication.
Or for to add each mobile terminal of network that priority is set, running into conflict or when competition, the preferential guarantee of its communication of mobile terminal that priority is high, the communication formerly of the identical mobile terminal of priority preferentially ensures.In general user and mobile terminal fixedly can be mapped, then determine priority according to user's post, professional level, post, the priority that professional level is high are high, and post, the priority that professional level is low are low, have post by post, inofficious be the preferential professional level of post by professional level.Due to user and mobile terminal fixing in requisition for a perfect maintenance mechanism to guarantee this fixing corresponding correctness, some time use inconvenience, therefore can directly set priority for mobile terminal itself, in use terminal distribution the highest priority is given high by commander's level or had more the user of importance, most of time, the two is unified, except those are responsible for the terminal and user of telecommunication management or transfer specially.
According to circumstances integrated use of above-mentioned measure, can bring into play the due effectiveness of provisional communication net.
This method is based on ZigBee technology networking, construction and operating cost are low, dispose and manage simple flexibly, can quick and conveniently realize voice and/or communication, and can expand abundant voice, data interaction communication function, can apply to civilian, police, the various provisional communication occasions such as military, but the provisional communication net that this method is organized, in the time that the network degree of depth is larger, may have obvious time delay, therefore can not be used for more crucial or important communication purposes, the in the situation that of some conditions permits, also be not as good as the net performance of alternate manner group, as build indoor local area network, be applicable to all unfavorable various occasions of outdoor various conditions, being particularly suitable for participant is the outdoor application scenario of occasional combination.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the provisional communication net topology figure based on ZigBee.1. center mobile terminal node, 2. has the mobile terminal node of relay function, 3. common mobile terminal node
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the invention will be further described.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
A kind of realization of simple and easy provisional communication net.
Mobile terminal adopts the smart mobile phone with ZigBee module, wherein one as network coordinator as Centroid 1, be responsible for starting and setting up whole network, the ZigBee-network of mobile phone 3 and Centroid 1 common formation that other has the mobile phone 2 of relay function and does not have relay function.The PAN ID of this ZigBee-network is all set to 214, and all mobile phones are all by the APP programming carrying.Except Centroid, all the other all network through being added into after node is agreed to by request.
Provisional communication net is realized a kind of half-duplex voice communications function that is similar to intercom, can only have people's speech any time, takes broadcast mode to be transferred to other mobile phone of the whole network; Press mobile phone itself and set priority, wherein base-station node priority is the highest, the priority of all the other mobile phones is identical and lower than base-station node, the intercommunication broadcast that base-station node is initiated can be interrupted the intercommunication broadcast that any other mobile phone is initiated, therefore by generally being held by organizer.In 16 channels, a channel is for data communication, and a channel is preserved for network self-management, and other channel is all for voice communication.
In the time using provisional communication net, all personnel all opens corresponding software in mobile phone (can be arranged to not affect the pattern of operator's general communication, also can be set to the only pattern for ZigBee communication), automatically accept at ordinary times speech data, press-to-talk key can be initiated intercommunication broadcast, unless interrupted by commander; When non-initiation call, can send and accept the note such as word, photo (restriction is sent out 200K with interior), in order to save time, can be by wherein prefabricated some conventional interchange notes, only need to select to send, thereby save time.
Claims (4)
1. a provisional communication net construction method, is characterized in that:
The networking of employing ZigBee technology, in network, all nodes are all mobile terminal node, it is ZC that one of them node is responsible for developing and managing its device type of whole network as the Centroid of provisional communication net, all the other node device types can be ZR and also can be ZED, the license that all the other mobile terminal node networkings need process Centroid or add ingress except Centroid;
Network topology structure is generally the hub-and-spoke configuration centered by Centroid, in the time of other node access network situation that to have by device type be ZR, is that tree structure and depth capacity are no more than 5;
Network has at least been realized a kind of voice or data communication function.
2. provisional communication net construction method according to claim 1, is characterized in that any one or multiple communication function below realizing aspect communication function:
The one, be similar to the full duplex function of voice communication of mobile phone;
The 2nd, be similar to the half-duplex voice communications function of intercom;
The 3rd, be similar to the data communication function of SMS or data are wherein extended to file;
The 4th, broadcast and/or the data communication function of multicast pattern or data are wherein extended to file;
The 5th, the phonetic function of full duplex and/or semiduplex conference model.
3. provisional communication net construction method according to claim 2, is characterized in that:
For various communication functions arrange priority, running into conflict or when competition, the preferential guarantee of its communication of communication function that priority is high, the communication formerly of the identical communication function of priority preferentially ensures;
Or for each mobile terminal arranges priority, running into conflict or when competition, the preferential guarantee of its communication of mobile terminal that priority is high, the communication formerly of the identical mobile terminal of priority preferentially ensures;
Or above-mentioned two kinds of measures is comprehensive.
4. provisional communication net construction method according to claim 3, is characterized in that:, it is characterized in that:
Be similar to the half-duplex voice communications function of intercom and the data communication function priority of non-concentrated small data quantity is the highest, the full duplex function of voice communication priority that is similar to mobile phone is taken second place, and phonetic function, the data communication function priority concentrated or big data quantity of full duplex and/or semiduplex conference model are minimum;
Or consider and set up priority for mobile terminal by commander's level of user or importance or both;
Or above-mentioned two kinds of measures is comprehensive.
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Application publication date: 20140521 |