CN104599229A - Rapid vectorization method for rock-soil body material - Google Patents
Rapid vectorization method for rock-soil body material Download PDFInfo
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- CN104599229A CN104599229A CN201510014421.4A CN201510014421A CN104599229A CN 104599229 A CN104599229 A CN 104599229A CN 201510014421 A CN201510014421 A CN 201510014421A CN 104599229 A CN104599229 A CN 104599229A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
- G06T7/00—Image analysis
- G06T7/10—Segmentation; Edge detection
- G06T7/13—Edge detection
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
- G06T2207/00—Indexing scheme for image analysis or image enhancement
- G06T2207/30—Subject of image; Context of image processing
- G06T2207/30108—Industrial image inspection
- G06T2207/30132—Masonry; Concrete
Abstract
The invention discloses a rapid vectorization method for a rock-soil body material. The rapid vectorization method for the rock-soil body material comprises the steps that a binarization image is obtained through preprocessing of a digital image of the rock-soil body material, the boundary of an internal structure is extracted, and a vector picture is obtained through geometric vectorization. The rapid vectorization method for the rock-soil body material is applied to the field of rock-soil body material numerical image processing, the digital image in practical engineering can be vectorized rapidly and accurately, the boundary of components of the rock-soil body material can be extracted more accurately, the microstructure of the material is really reflected, the solid foundation is laid for establishment of models and research of parameters in the follow-up numerical analysis process, and the rapid vectorization method can be well applied to the field of civil engineering, and has high practicability.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the industry science numerical analysis fields such as civil engineering work, be specifically related to a kind of material of rock and soil rapid vector method.
Background technology
Digital Image Processing refers to and picture signal is converted to digital signal, and utilizes computing machine to process to it process finally obtaining required result.Digital Image Processing has been widely used in the fields such as engineering, computer science, information science, statistics, physics, has vast potential for future development.
Material of rock and soil is a kind of heterogeneous material typically with complicated microscopical structure, is generally made up of stone, gravel, mineral matter, hole and crackle etc.Each ingredient has different physicochemical characteristicss, and the reaction under outer load effect has very big-difference, and the interaction between these components is also extremely complicated.Therefore, for the microscopical structure of material of rock and soil and unevenness research more and more important, and in the application of Practical Project field, how to simulate this microscopical structure accurately, microscopical structure model is set up closer to reality, carrying out the research of rock mechanical parameter further accurately, is a current focus and difficulties.
Summary of the invention
Goal of the invention: based on above technical background, the present invention proposes a kind of material of rock and soil rapid vector method, be applied in material of rock and soil digital image processing and meso-mechanical model foundation, also to distinguish each component of material of rock and soil fast accurately, be converted to vector artwork and store.
Technical scheme: for solving the problems of the technologies described above, material of rock and soil rapid vector method provided by the invention comprises the following steps:
(1) pre-service is carried out to shooting photo, obtain each component binary image of material of rock and soil;
(2) material of rock and soil internal structural borders is extracted;
(3) search for the structure boundary connecting and obtained and be converted to vector artwork storage.
Particularly,
The digital picture pre-service of the first step also comprises:
(1) material structure photo is imported computing machine and be converted into digital picture, obtain relevant information.
(2) Digital Image Noise process, color space conversion and binaryzation.Material photograph taking is in field, and its image quality restricts by the various factors such as environment, camera, and picture noise is comparatively large, is therefore necessary to carry out denoising, increases the brightness and contrast of image, to improve the difference between each component of Rock And Soil.Then be converted in image procossing and computer vision and also often adopt HSI color space.Finally carry out binary conversion treatment, for next step rapid vectorization is ready.
The concrete steps that second step extracts material of rock and soil internal structural borders comprise:
(1) suppose that the image of m × n-pixel point composition can be considered as the matrix A of m × n, the summit that then this image comprises can be considered as the matrix B of (m+1) × (n+1), in order to determine the border being mingled with material, assuming that Matrix C is based upon on the basis of matrix B, in each B o'clock for the array of two 0 or 1 element, i.e. the 0-1 matrix of one (m+1) × (n+1) × 2.
(2) algorithm of matrix B is determined in agree as follows from A:
If C (i, j)=(0,0), then line B (i, j)-B (i, j+1) and B (i, j)-B (i+1, j) is not all border;
If C (i, j)=(1,0), then line B (i, j)-B (i, j+1) is border, and B (i, j)-B (i+1, j) is not all border;
If C (i, j)=(0,1), then line B (i, j)-B (i, j+1) is not border, and B (i, j)-B (i+1, j) is border;
If V (i, j)=(1,1), then line B (i, j)-B (i, j+1) and B (i, j)-B (i+1, j) is all borders;
(3) matrix B of initialization (m+1) × (n+1) is all 0, starts below to analyze how to obtain matrix B from matrix A, and algorithm is as follows:
For border i=1, C (i, j, 1)=A (i, j);
For border j=1, C (i, j, 2)=A (i, j);
For border i=m, C (i+1, j, 1)=A (i, j);
For border j=n, C (i, j+1,2)=A (i, j).
For non-frontier point, then define: if A (i, j)=A (i+1, j), C (i, j, 1)=0; Otherwise C (i, j, 1)=1; If A (i, j)=A (i, j+1), C (i, j, 2)=0; Otherwise C (i, j, 2)=1.
Three-wave mixing connects the structure boundary that obtained and is converted to the concrete steps that vector artwork stores and comprises:
(1) point choosing any non-zero starts, according to the connected relation between lines, when the point searched out forms closed loop, then determine a certain border being mingled with block, after search according to the relation between a composition of vector (if a block is by a P1, P2, P3 and P4 joins end to end, the multiplication cross between compute vector P1-P2 and P2-P3, if canonical is counterclockwise, anyway be clockwise, can be numbered every bar line with unified order thus; Then the search of next block is carried out until after the search of all blocks.
(2) what utilize (1) search connection to obtain is sawtooth border, is unfavorable for the foundation of model and follow-up numerical experiment, border smoothing method need be adopted original serrated boundary smoothing processing
beneficial effect: the present invention proposes a kind of material of rock and soil rapid vector method, the method is applied to material of rock and soil numerical imaging field, the digital photograph from shooting is finally converted into vector artwork and stores.The method, for existing method, can identify fast and more accurately the border of each component of material of rock and soil, closer to the microscopical structure of the reaction material of reality, reproduce discontinuity of material more really.For solid foundation has been established in the follow-up foundation of Rock And Soil meso-mechanical model, the determination of parameter, overcome in previous parameter study process difficult problems such as taking time and effort, shop experiment perturbation is large, parameter error is large simultaneously.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the original digital photograph of untreated shooting in the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the native stone dielectric image after Fig. 1 binary conversion treatment;
Fig. 3 is bianry image geometric vector algorithm schematic diagram;
Fig. 4 is the material of rock and soil serrated boundary searched;
Fig. 5 is the border after smooth treatment;
Fig. 6 is the final discrete element analysis generated;
Fig. 7 is the schematic diagram of discrete element analysis direct shearing test;
Fig. 8 is shear stress under different confined pressure-shear displacemant trial curve figure.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment, the present invention is described in detail:
Embodiment: before some hydropower station dam, accumulation body is made up of sand, filling rubble, block stone, stuff are metasandstone, slate.From the typical digital photograph of the representative domatic shooting of this accumulation body, numerical imaging is converted into vector file by the rapid vector method using the present invention to propose, and then sets up discrete element analysis, finally carries out numerical model test.Concrete steps are as follows:
(1) accompanying drawing 1 is the digital photograph from shooting, and photo size is 229.2mmx166.7mm, and photograph pixel is of a size of 2750x2000, roughly can find out accumulation body soil stone outer contour and distribution situation from photo.Photo is imported computing machine and is converted into digital picture, obtain relevant information.
(2) denoising and image color space conversion are carried out to the digital picture obtained in step 1.This photograph taking, in field, restricts by various factors, and picture noise is comparatively large, adopts median filtering method to carry out denoising, increases the brightness and contrast of image, to improve the difference between each component of Rock And Soil.Then MATLAb coding is utilized to carry out the conversion of image color space, it is the HSI space easily identified by RGB color space conversion, the essence of this process is the transition from the Cartesian coordinates of a cell cube to right cylinder bipyramid coordinate, and the method can detect the microscopical structure distinguishing the different components such as soil, gravel, mineral matter in photo preferably.
(3) binaryzation of digital picture.The gray-scale value of the pixel on image is set to 0 or 1 by the present invention, namely whole image is presented obvious black and white effect, and the gray-scale value that gray scale is more than or equal to the pixel of threshold value is 1, and what be less than threshold value is 0.Final binary image is shown in accompanying drawing 2.
(4) the fast geometric vector quantization of bianry image.Adopt the material of rock and soil rapid vector method that the present invention proposes, can extract soil accurately, the border of crushed stone, accompanying drawing 3 is shown in by its concrete algorithm schematic diagram.In this example, image is 2750X2000 pixel, the matrix A of 2750X2000 can be considered as, the summit that then this image comprises can be considered as the matrix B of 2751X2001, in order to determine the border being mingled with material, assuming that Matrix C is based upon on the basis of matrix B, in each B o'clock for the array of two 0 or 1 element, i.e. the 0-1 matrix of a 2751X2001X2.
(4.1) algorithm of matrix B is determined in agree as follows from A:
If C (i, j)=(0,0), then line B (i, j)-B (i, j+1) and B (i, j)-B (i+1, j) is not all border;
If C (i, j)=(1,0), then line B (i, j)-B (i, j+1) is border, and B (i, j)-B (i+1, j) is not all border;
If C (i, j)=(0,1), then line B (i, j)-B (i, j+1) is not border, and B (i, j)-B (i+1, j) is border;
If V (i, j)=(1,1), then line B (i, j)-B (i, j+1) and B (i, j)-B (i+1, j) is all borders;
(4.2) matrix B of initialization (m+1) × (n+1) is all 0, starts below to analyze how to obtain matrix B from matrix A, and algorithm is as follows:
For border i=1, C (i, j, 1)=A (i, j);
For border j=1, C (i, j, 2)=A (i, j);
For border i=m, C (i+1, j, 1)=A (i, j);
For border j=n, C (i, j+1,2)=A (i, j).
For non-frontier point, then define: if A (i, j)=A (i+1, j), C (i, j, 1)=0; Otherwise C (i, j, 1)=1; If A (i, j)=A (i, j+1), C (i, j, 2)=0; Otherwise C (i, j, 2)=1.
(5) search connects the structure boundary obtained, the point choosing any non-zero starts, according to the connected relation between lines, when the point searched out forms closed loop, then determine a certain border being mingled with block, after search according to the relation between a composition of vector (if a block is by a P1, P2, P3 and P4 joins end to end, multiplication cross between compute vector P1-P2 and P2-P3, if canonical is counterclockwise, anyway be clockwise, can be numbered every bar line with unified order thus; Then carry out the search of next block until search terminates, obtain the serrate shape border as Fig. 4, then adopt border smoothing method by original serrated boundary smoothing processing and be converted to vector artwork storage.Net result is shown in accompanying drawing 5.
(6) foundation of discrete element analysis.First set up initial discrete unit granular model, generate aggregates, utilize point and polygonal topological relation judgment method, all particles are rendered in fill area randomly.Discrete element analysis is generated, and sees accompanying drawing 6.
(7) the staight scissors numerical experimentation under 4 normal direction confined pressures (200Kpa, 400Kpa, 600Kpa, 800Kpa) as shown in Figure 7, is launched.
(8) record shear stress-shear displacemant trial curve figure under different confined pressure, as shown in Figure 8, seek the peak shear stress under different confined pressure, then draw matching normal stress-shear resistance figure, obtain material of rock and soil shearing strength value.
Below by reference to the accompanying drawings embodiments of the present invention are described in detail, but the present invention is not limited to described embodiment.For those of ordinary skill in the art, in the scope of principle of the present invention and technological thought, embodiment is carried out to these embodiments and carries out multiple change, amendment, replacement and distortion and still fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. a material of rock and soil rapid vector method, is characterized in that comprising the following steps:
(1) pre-service is carried out to shooting photo, obtain each component binary image of material of rock and soil
(2) new method adopting this patent to propose, extracts material of rock and soil internal structural borders;
(3) search for the structure boundary connecting and obtained and be converted to vector artwork storage.
2. a kind of material of rock and soil rapid vector method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the concrete steps that in described step (2), material of rock and soil internal structural borders extracts comprise:
(2.1) suppose that the image of m × n-pixel point composition can be considered as the matrix A of m × n, the summit that then this image comprises can be considered as the matrix B of (m+1) × (n+1), in order to determine the border being mingled with material, assuming that Matrix C is based upon on the basis of matrix B, in each B o'clock for the array of two 0 or 1 element, i.e. the 0-1 matrix of one (m+1) × (n+1) × 2;
(2.2) algorithm of matrix B is determined in agree as follows from A:
If C (i, j)=(0,0), then line B (i, j)-B (i, j+1) and B (i, j)-B (i+1, j) is not all border;
If C (i, j)=(1,0), then line B (i, j)-B (i, j+1) is border, and B (i, j)-B (i+1, j) is not all border;
If C (i, j)=(0,1), then line B (i, j)-B (i, j+1) is not border, and B (i, j)-B (i+1, j) is border;
If V (i, j)=(1,1), then line B (i, j)-B (i, j+1) and B (i, j)-B (i+1, j) is all borders;
(2.3) matrix B of initialization (m+1) × (n+1) is all 0, starts below to analyze how to obtain matrix B from matrix A, and algorithm is as follows:
For border i=1, C (i, j, 1)=A (i, j);
For border j=1, C (i, j, 2)=A (i, j);
For border i=m, C (i+1, j, 1)=A (i, j);
For border j=n, C (i, j+1,2)=A (i, j).
For non-frontier point, then define: if A (i, j)=A (i+1, j), C (i, j, 1)=0; Otherwise C (i, j, 1)=1; If A (i, j)=A (i, j+1), C (i, j, 2)=0; Otherwise C (i, j, 2)=1.
3. a kind of material of rock and soil rapid vector method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: search connects the structure boundary that obtained and is converted to the concrete steps that vector artwork stores and is in described step (3):
(3.1) point choosing any non-zero starts, according to the connected relation between lines, when the point searched out forms closed loop, then determine a certain border being mingled with block, according to the relation between a composition of vector after search: if a block is by a P1, P2, P3 and P4 joins end to end, the multiplication cross between compute vector P1-P2 and P2-P3, if canonical is counterclockwise, otherwise be clockwise, can be numbered every bar line with unified order thus; Then the search of next block is carried out until all blocks are searched complete;
(3.2) the serrated boundary smoothing processing adopting border smoothing method to obtain, is converted to vector artwork and stores.
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Cited By (3)
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| CN110378199A (en) * | 2019-06-03 | 2019-10-25 | 北京北科安地科技发展有限公司 | A kind of rock and soil body's displacement monitoring method based on the more phase images of unmanned plane |
| CN111560938A (en) * | 2020-05-29 | 2020-08-21 | 贵州省交通规划勘察设计研究院股份有限公司 | Accumulation body slope numerical calculation model building method adopting stone throwing mechanism |
| CN115582637A (en) * | 2022-11-22 | 2023-01-10 | 长春森酉科技有限公司 | Automatic detection system for laser cutting missing process |
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| CN110378199A (en) * | 2019-06-03 | 2019-10-25 | 北京北科安地科技发展有限公司 | A kind of rock and soil body's displacement monitoring method based on the more phase images of unmanned plane |
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| CN111560938B (en) * | 2020-05-29 | 2022-02-01 | 贵州省交通规划勘察设计研究院股份有限公司 | Accumulation body slope numerical calculation model building method adopting stone throwing mechanism |
| CN115582637A (en) * | 2022-11-22 | 2023-01-10 | 长春森酉科技有限公司 | Automatic detection system for laser cutting missing process |
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