US20040006593A1 - Multidimensional approach to context-awareness - Google Patents

Multidimensional approach to context-awareness Download PDF

Info

Publication number
US20040006593A1
US20040006593A1 US10/457,010 US45701003A US2004006593A1 US 20040006593 A1 US20040006593 A1 US 20040006593A1 US 45701003 A US45701003 A US 45701003A US 2004006593 A1 US2004006593 A1 US 2004006593A1
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
user
information
client
context information
context
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Abandoned
Application number
US10/457,010
Inventor
Hartmut Vogler
Kevin Goslar
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
SAP SE
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to US10/457,010 priority Critical patent/US20040006593A1/en
Priority to PCT/EP2003/006269 priority patent/WO2003107179A1/en
Priority to AU2003257417A priority patent/AU2003257417A1/en
Priority to DE60313457T priority patent/DE60313457T2/en
Priority to EP03759957A priority patent/EP1514178B1/en
Assigned to SAP AKTIENGESELLSCHAFT reassignment SAP AKTIENGESELLSCHAFT ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: GOSLAR, KEVIN, VOGLER, HARTMUT K.
Publication of US20040006593A1 publication Critical patent/US20040006593A1/en
Priority to US12/210,493 priority patent/US8126984B2/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06QINFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G06Q10/00Administration; Management
    • G06Q10/10Office automation; Time management
    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06FELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F9/00Arrangements for program control, e.g. control units
    • G06F9/06Arrangements for program control, e.g. control units using stored programs, i.e. using an internal store of processing equipment to receive or retain programs
    • G06F9/44Arrangements for executing specific programs
    • G06F9/451Execution arrangements for user interfaces

Definitions

  • This invention relates to the use of context information by computing applications.
  • adapting the user interface of the selected client may include selecting a sensory communication path for the interaction of the user with the enterprise service that is suited to a context described by the context information.
  • the sensory communication path selected may include, for example, a voice communication path, a text communication path, or a graphical communication path.
  • the context determination service may include a rule engine or an inference engine.
  • the inference engine 320 may employ Bayesian reasoning, the Dempster-Shafer theory, a knowledge base, an expert system, plan recognition, collaborative filtering, statistical analysis, a neural network, data mining, keyword analysis, fuzzy logic, an overlay model, a bug library, or a combination of one or more of these methods or systems.
  • the decision engine may, for example, update the user profile 370 with the newly determined context information 330 .
  • This decision is based, for example, on David Dudley's role as a long haul delivery truck driver in the middle of a current delivery, and upon the limited interface capabilities of the client PDA.
  • the interface adaptation service may presume that David Dudley will most likely inquire about either his present delivery task, or about a delivery task scheduled for the near future.
  • the interface adaptation service may determine to simplify the interface by limiting the information presented to David Dudley accordingly. Contrary to expectation, however, David Dudley may desire to access employee benefit services, or to view shipping tasks further in the future in order to plan for a vacation.
  • the interface adaptation may allow David Dudley to override its preliminary determination 655 based on his actual rather than expected needs.

Abstract

A context aware enterprise system includes a network, an enterprise service coupled to the network, and a plurality of information sources that include enterprise information related to one or more activities of the enterprise system. The enterprise system also includes a plurality of clients with user interfaces by which a user may access the enterprise service over the network. A context determination service determines context information describing a multi-dimensional context based on the enterprise information. The context information determined by the context determination service includes a user identification, an identification of a client selected by the user, a user role, a user expertise related to the enterprise service, and a user expertise related to the selected client. Based on the context information, an interface adaptation service adapts the user interface of the client.

Description

    CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS
  • This application claims priority from U.S. Provisional Application Nos. 60/388,289, filed Jun. 14, 2002, and 60/422,112, filed Oct. 30, 2002, each titled MULTIDIMENSIONAL APPROACH TO CONTEXT-AWARENESS.[0001]
  • TECHNICAL FIELD
  • This invention relates to the use of context information by computing applications. [0002]
  • BACKGROUND
  • An enterprise resource planning (ERP) system includes various business-related enterprise services. The ERP system provides an organization-wide information handling infrastructure to control the business processes of a company. The ERP system and the enterprise services that it includes may be extremely complex and the company may depend on their correct operation. [0003]
  • Many employees of the company may use the enterprise services of the ERP system through a variety of client devices. For example, an accountant may access the ERP system on a desktop computer to update financial records of the company. The chief executive officer (CEO), on the other hand, may use a laptop computer to obtain a strategic overview of company performance from the ERP system. In turn, a delivery driver may access the ERP system using a personal digital assistant (PDA) to determine a delivery schedule. Each also might use the ERP system to inquire about the status of their employee benefits from home, for example, using a phone. In sum many employees may access the ERP system, and each may do so in a variety of contexts. [0004]
  • Employees of the company may have difficulty using the ERP system because of the system's complexity and the many contexts in which it may be used. Even when employees develop expertise in the ERP system, they may find that the system is ill-adapted to the particular context of their use. [0005]
  • SUMMARY
  • In one general aspect, an enterprise system with multi-dimensional context awareness includes a network, an enterprise service coupled to the network, and a plurality of information sources that include enterprise information related to one or more activities of the enterprise system. The enterprise system also includes a plurality of differing clients with user interfaces by which a user may access the enterprise service over the network. The clients may or may not be wireless. A context determination service determines context information describing a multi-dimensional context based on the enterprise information. The context information determined by the context determination service includes a user identification, an identification of the client selected by the user, a user role, a user expertise related to the enterprise service, and a user expertise related to the client selected by the user. Based on the context information, an interface adaptation service adapts the user interface of the selected client. [0006]
  • Implementations may include one or more of the following features. For example, adapting the user interface of the selected client may include selecting a sensory communication path for the interaction of the user with the enterprise service that is suited to a context described by the context information. The sensory communication path selected may include, for example, a voice communication path, a text communication path, or a graphical communication path. [0007]
  • The interface also may be adapted to adjust a level of help automatically provided to the user regarding operation of the selected client or the enterprise service. The level of help may be adjusted based on the context information describing the user expertise related to the selected client or the enterprise service, respectively. Adaptation also may include adapting the user interface to present only information to the user relevant to the role or identification of the user described by the context information. [0008]
  • To determine context information, the context determination service may include a rule engine or an inference engine. [0009]
  • The sources of the enterprise information accessed by the context determination service include databases, enterprise security devices, and location determining devices. Nevertheless, in a further implementation, the information sources include no information source configured only to provide context information. [0010]
  • The context information that the context determination service determines may further include a measure of time, or information regarding a physical environment of the user. The physical environment information may include information related to a location of the user, an activity of the user, a measure of background noise, or a measure of lightness or darkness. [0011]
  • To adapt the user interface based on the context information, the interface adaptation service also may include a rule engine, and/or an inference engine. [0012]
  • The inference engines of the context determination service and the interface adaptation service may employ, for example, Bayesian reasoning, the Dempster-Shafer theory, a knowledge base, an expert system, plan recognition, collaborative filtering, statistical analysis, a neural network, data mining, keyword analysis, fuzzy logic, an overlay model, a bug library, or a combination of one or more of these methods or systems. [0013]
  • These general and specific aspects may be implemented using a method, a system, or a computer program, or any combination of systems, methods, and computer programs. [0014]
  • Other features will be apparent from the following description, including the drawings, and from the claims.[0015]
  • DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
  • FIG. 1 is a is a schematic diagram of an enterprise system that configures a client interface using a context adaptation service. [0016]
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an enterprise system, as in FIG. 1, that illustrates several multi-dimensional contexts. [0017]
  • FIGS. [0018] 3-4 are schematic diagrams illustrating systems that may be used to implement the context adaptation service of FIGS. 1 and 2.
  • FIG. 5 is a flow diagram illustrating a systematic process implementable by the context adaptation service of FIGS. [0019] 1-2.
  • FIG. 6A describes an exemplary multi-dimensional context related to an enterprise system. [0020]
  • FIG. 6B illustrates an interface adaptation corresponding to the multi-dimensional context information of FIG. 6A. [0021]
  • FIGS. [0022] 7A-C are exemplary displays illustrating a user interaction with a user interface adapted by the context adaptation service.
  • Like reference symbols in the various drawings indicate like elements. [0023]
  • DETAILED DESCRIPTION
  • Referring to FIG. 1, a [0024] generalized enterprise system 100 may be used to configure a user interface of a client to facilitate a user's access to an enterprise service based upon a multi-dimensional context (i.e., a context described by more than one parameter) of the user's use. The multi-dimensional context includes, for example, an identification of the user and of the client, a role of the user, expertise of the user relative to the enterprise service and relative to the client. Exemplary components of the enterprise system 100 are described in greater detail below.
  • The [0025] enterprise system 100 of FIG. 1 generally includes one or more clients 110, a network 130, an enterprise service 150, and a context adaptation service 170. The clients 110 generally may include any device, system, and/or piece of code that relies on another service to perform an operation. For example, the clients 110 may include a workstation, a notebook computer, a pen based computer, a personal digital assistant (PDA) or cellular telephone. The clients 110 also may include a web browser, an email client, a synchronization client (e.g., a calendar synchronization client, a task list synchronization client), an instant messaging (IM) client, a business productivity application (e.g., a word processor, a spreadsheet), and/or an operating system or operating system kernel. The clients 110 may access data or services provided by the enterprise service 150 by communicating with the enterprise service 150 using voice and/or non-voice data.
  • The [0026] enterprise service 150 generally may include, for example, any device, system, and/or piece of code configured to perform an operation requested by a client 110 (e.g., a cellular telephone, a web browser, or other service). For example, the enterprise service 150 may include an ERP service, an email service, an accounting service, a resource management service, a synchronization service (e.g., a calendar synchronization service, a task list synchronization service), a print service, a file access service, an IM service, an operating system, an operating system kernel, an authentication service, an authorization service, and/or any combination of these or other services.
  • The [0027] context adaptation service 170 generally may include, for example, any device, system, and/or piece of code configured to determine a users multi-dimensional context and adapt an interaction of the enterprise system with the user based on that context. For example, the context adaptation service 170 may include a context determination service 175, and an interface adaptation service 180. The services 175, 180 and the context adaptation service 170 may include a database access service, a sensor data access service, a rule engine, an inference engine (e.g., a Bayesian reasoning engine, a Dempster-Shafer engine, a probabilistic reasoning engine), a file access service, an operating system, an operating system kernel, and/or any combination of these services. The context adaptation service 170 may or may not be included in the enterprise service 150.
  • Communication between the [0028] clients 110 and the enterprise service 150 as well as other communications within the enterprise system services generally occur over a communications network 130. The communication network 130 typically allows direct or indirect communication between the system services (e.g., between the client 110, the enterprise service 150, and the context adaptation service 170), irrespective of physical or logical separation. The communication network 130 may include a secured communication network (e.g., a communication network protected by a firewall and/or other security mechanisms).
  • The [0029] communication network 130 may further include various mechanisms for delivering voice and/or non-voice data, such as, for example, the transport connection protocol (TCP), the Internet protocol (IP), the World Wide Web, one or more local area networks (LANs) and/or one or more wide area networks (WANs). The communication network 130 also may include analog or digital wired and wireless telephone networks, e.g., public switched telephone networks (PSTN), integrated services digital networks (ISDN), various types of digital subscriber lines (xDSL), advance mobile telephone service (AMPS), global system for mobile communications (GSM), general packet radio service (GPRS), code division multiple access (CDMA), radio, cable, satellite, and/or other delivery mechanisms for carrying voice or non-voice data.
  • One or more other services may be included in the components of [0030] enterprise system 100 and/or these components (hereinafter the system services) may be included as part of one or more other services. For example, the system services may include or be included in a general-purpose or a special-purpose computer (e.g., a personal computer, a personal digital assistant (PDAs), or a device specifically programmed to perform certain tasks), at least one Local Area Network (LAN), and/or at least one Wide Area Network (WAN). Either way, the response to and execution of instructions received by any or all of the system services may be controlled by, for example, a program, a piece of code, an instruction, a device, a computer system, or a combination thereof, for independently or collectively instructing the services to interact and operate as described herein.
  • FIG. 2 shows an enterprise system [0031] 200, generally similar to enterprise system 100 of FIG. 1, illustrating several multi-dimensional contexts 205, 210, 215 in which a company employee may access the enterprise service 150 using a client 110. For example, company employees may include a delivery truck driver (context 205), a corporate executive (context 210), and a manufacturing manager (context 215). The responsibilities of each employee differ greatly as well as the information and services that their jobs require the enterprise service 150 to provide them. As with their responsibilities, the training and experience of the employees may differ dramatically. Moreover, the physical environments under which each employee accesses the enterprise service may differ greatly, both from access to access and from employee to employee.
  • More specifically, the delivery driver uses a mobile client (e.g., a pen computer, a PDA, a cellular telephone) to access, for example, delivery lists, addresses, and schedules maintained by the [0032] enterprise service 150. The delivery driver may use the mobile client to access the enterprise service 150, for example, from the delivery truck, or at a pick-up or delivery site. Moreover, the delivery driver may wish to verify delivery information while driving the delivery truck. Depending on time, season, and delivery point, ambient conditions such as lighting, temperature, and noise may vary greatly and may further complicate the task of accessing the enterprise service 150 using the client.
  • The corporate executive may access the [0033] enterprise service 150, for example, to obtain data showing corporate performance, or reflecting strategic relationships with other companies. The corporate executive may use a laptop computer or other client 110 to access the enterprise service 150 from an office in a corporate headquarters, from a corporate boardroom during a meeting, or while traveling (e.g., in an airplane or at a hotel). The privacy and security with which the corporate executive may access the enterprise service 150 may substantially influence the corporate executive's ability to use the enterprise service 150 in certain situations (e.g., while at an on-site meeting with a customer or competitor, or while traveling on a plane).
  • The manufacturing manager may access the [0034] enterprise service 150 to determine order status, manufacturing schedules, or work schedules. The manufacturing manager may use a workstation or other client device to access the enterprise service 150 from the manufacturing floor. Conditions on the manufacturing floor may be loud or may require silence, lighting conditions may vary, and there may be many spurious audible and visual distractions. Certain clothing or protective gear may be required (e.g., a cleansuit, a respirator, ear protection, eye protection), and may or may not interfere with using the client 110 to access the enterprise service 150.
  • FIGS. 3 and 4 describe systems that may be used to implement the [0035] context determination service 175 and the interface adaptation service 180, respectively, of FIGS. 1 and 2.
  • Referring to FIG. 3, some implementations of the [0036] context determination service 175 include a decision engine 310 used to determine context information 330 from enterprise information 350. In this implementation, the enterprise information 350 includes a user identification and a client device identification 352.
  • The enterprise information also may include an [0037] activity history 354 of the enterprise service users. The activity history 354 may include, for example, an application use history 356 that shows details of user's past use of the enterprise service. For each enterprise user, the application use history 356 might show, for example, a frequency of access to the enterprise service, a frequency of access to help procedures of the enterprise services and a nature or timing of the help requested, and/or a frequency of functions performed using the enterprise service. The user activity history 354 also may include a client use history 358 showing, for each enterprise user, clients used to access the enterprise service and a frequency that those clients have been used. In addition, the user activity history 354 may include security and authentication data 360 related to the current and past security status and privileges of enterprise service users. The security and authentication data 360 also may include information regarding when and where secure resources were accessed. For example, the security and authentication data 360 may record that a user entered a building through a secured door at 7:30 am on a Monday morning.
  • The [0038] enterprise information 350 also may include information 362 that indicates current and past characteristics and features of the enterprise service and clients. The application and client feature data 362 may include, for example, information that a new capability has been added to a newly released version of the enterprise service, or that a PDA client may be voice enabled while a pen based computer client may not.
  • Also included in the [0039] enterprise information 350 are general employee data 364 and customer date 366. For each employee, the employee data 364 may include information such as the role, job title, job description, or job location of the employee. This information may describe the workplace, permissions, restrictions and tasks associated with each employee. Information regarding home contact information, education, physical characteristics, health record, or employee benefits also may be included. For each customer, the customer data 366 may include information identifying services or goods generally provided to the customer, delivery or payment preferences, customer contacts, and associated customer locations (e.g., addresses, approximate latitude and longitude).
  • The enterprise information also may include [0040] data 368 from specialized context sensors. For example, the context sensors might include a global positioning system (GPS) which might detect a client device and provide location data (e.g., latitude and longitude) related to the client device. Location data also may be obtained using a beacon emitting signals, such as, radio frequency signals or infrared signals. These signals may be received, for example, by a client. The beacon may broadcast location identifying information, such as, a geographical identifier (e.g., latitude and longitude of the beacon) or an abstract representation of a location (e.g., the street address of the beacon, the name of a store, a numerical identifier). The context sensor data 368 also might include data provided by other context sensors related to temperature, loudness, lighting, a pulse or respiration rate of the user, or a skin conductivity of the user.
  • The enterprise information also may include for each user a [0041] user profile 370. The user profile 370 may include previously determined context information, such as, for example, context information based on the users' most recent accesses to the enterprise service. The user profile may include information stored, for example, in a data repository based on the X.500 directory access standard (e.g., a lightweight directory access protocol (LDAP)). Among other benefits, LDAP allows different kinds of context information to be stored, such as, for example, client and service profiles.
  • The [0042] decision engine 310 includes, for example, a rule engine 315, and/or an inference engine 320. The rule engine 315 may be configured to enable the decision engine 310 to determine the context information 330 by applying one or more rules to the enterprise information 350 accessed by the decision engine 310. Each rule of the rule engine 310 may include a condition and an associated action that is performed or a conclusion that is drawn if the condition is satisfied. The inference engine 320 may be configured to infer the context information 330 from information input to the decision engine 310. The inference engine 320 may employ one or more methods or systems to infer the context information 330 from information accessed by the decision engine 310 that is uncertain, contradictory, or ambiguous. For example, the inference engine 320 may employ Bayesian reasoning, the Dempster-Shafer theory, a knowledge base, an expert system, plan recognition, collaborative filtering, statistical analysis, a neural network, data mining, keyword analysis, fuzzy logic, an overlay model, a bug library, or a combination of one or more of these methods or systems. After determining the context information 330, the decision engine may, for example, update the user profile 370 with the newly determined context information 330.
  • The [0043] context information 330 determined by the decision engine 310 includes at least a user identification 332 of the user accessing the enterprise service, a client identification 334 of the client device used by the user to access the enterprise service, a user role 336 associated with the user, an application expertise 338 of the user related to the enterprise service, and a client expertise 340 of the user related to the client. Nevertheless, the context data 330 may include many additional items of information. For example, the context data 330 may include physical environment information 342 related to a physical environment of the user, such as, for example, time, temperature, lighting, or loudness. The context data 330 also may include physical status information 344 related to a physical status of the user, such as, for example, whether the user is hard of hearing, near-sighted or far-sighted, or whether the user is distracted or nervous.
  • Referring to FIG. 4, the [0044] interface adaptation service 180 may include an adaptation engine 410 configured to access the context information 330 (e.g., directly from the decision engine, or from the user profile 370) and to adapt an interface of a client 430 according to the context information 330. Similarly to the decision engine 310 of the system of FIG. 3, the adaptation engine 410 may include a rule engine 415 or an inference engine 420 that may determine adaptation of the client interface based on the context information 330 accessed by the adaptation engine 410. The inference engine 420 may adapt the user interface even when the context information 330 accessed by the adaptation engine 410 is uncertain, ambiguous or contradictory. The inference engine 420 may employ Bayesian reasoning and/or any of the methods or systems described with respect to the inference engine 320 of FIG. 3, either alone or in combination.
  • FIG. 5, illustrates a [0045] systematic process 500 implementable by the systems of FIGS. 1-4 to adapt a user interface of a client 510 accessing an enterprise service 515 based upon multi-dimensional context information. Initially, a user 505 may use the client 510 to access the enterprise service 515. The process 500 may respond by identifying multi-dimensional context information (steps 520), and adapting a user interface based on the multi-dimensional context information (steps 540).
  • Determining the multi-dimensional context information (steps [0046] 520) may include, for example, obtaining first information regarding the access or login (e.g. a user identification, a client identification) from the enterprise service (step 525). Based on the first information, second information may be determined, for example, from information sources of the enterprise service (step 530). Based on the first and second information, multi-dimensional context information then may be determined (step 535).
  • Adapting the interface based on the multi-dimensional context information (steps [0047] 540) includes using the multi-dimensional context information to determine an interface adaptation suited to the context information (step 545). The interface configuration also may be based on direct user input, received, for example, by making a query to the user based on an initially determined interface configuration.
  • More specifically, the interface adaptation may be based, among other things, on an expertise of the user related to the enterprise service [0048] 515, or related to the client 510 or interaction scheme. Specifically, a user not familiar with a specific aspect of the enterprise service 515 may need to be instructed regarding what information to enter in information fields associated with that aspect of the enterprise service 515. At the same time, when accessing the enterprise service 515 from a familiar client such as a desk-top computer, the user may require no help to use the screen, keyboard and mouse. On the other hand, the user may access the enterprise service 515 using a client with a fully VoiceXML (voice extensible markup language) enabled interface. In that case, although familiar with the enterprise service 515, the user may need more support with an unfamiliar interaction scheme of the interface (e.g. the interface may advise the user “you can say the number or type into the keyboard”). The interface might also be adapted to hide items expected to be irrelevant to a current task of the user while offering shortcuts to probably needed functions.
  • After the interface configuration is determined, the [0049] context adaptation process 500 may communicate the interface configuration to the client 510 and/or to the enterprise service 515 causing the interface to be adapted (step 550). The user then may interact with the enterprise service 515 through the client 510 using the adapted interface. The context adaptation process 500 may continually determine context and may readapt the user interface based on a changed context. For example, after communicating the interface configuration to the enterprise service and/or the client (step 550), the process 500 may continue to monitor the information sources of the enterprise service (step 530) and determine context information (step 535) to determine if a changed context exists. When a changed context is determined, the process 500 may re-determine the interface configuration (step 545) and communicate the re-determined interface configuration to the enterprise service and/or the client (step 550).
  • FIG. 6A illustrates [0050] multi-dimensional context information 600 such as may be determined using the process 500 of FIG. 5. The multi-dimensional context information 600 includes an identification of the user 605 as David Dudley, age 52, with an employee number 14999. The multi-dimensional context information 600 also includes information 610 that identifies the client device used by David Dudley to access the enterprise as a BrainFlex model 32xi voice-capable PDA. User role information 615 identifies David Dudley's role as a company employee, and, more specifically, as a driver of a long haul delivery truck. The user role information 615 further identifies that David Dudley currently is making a delivery to Alyeska Pipeline Service Co. of Fairbanks, Ak.
  • The [0051] multi-dimensional context information 600 also includes information 620 regarding aspects of David Dudley's physical environment. Specifically, it includes information 622 that identifies David Dudley as being in truck 103, 50 miles outside of Fairbanks, Ak, and moving towards that city on Route 3. Information 624 and 626 is included that informs also that the time is 2:30 p.m. on Jan. 5, 2003, and that the background noise in the truck is moderate. David Dudley's expertise with the aspect of the enterprise service he has accessed is shown by information 630 to be substantial while his expertise with the client is identified by information 635 as modest. Context information 640 indicates that David Dudley historically has preferred to take a passive role with respect to accessing help. In other words, he has preferred that he not be required to request the help, but that appropriate help be offered to him. In addition, information 645 identifies no physical constraints associated with David Dudley, such as, for example, hardness of hearing.
  • FIG. 6B illustrates an [0052] interface adaptation 650 determined based on the multi-dimensional context information 600 of FIG. 6A. The interface adaptation 650 includes a description 655 of the enterprise service content that the interface will present to David Dudley. In this example, the interface adaptation service has determined from the context information to present to David Dudley information relating to his shipping tasks for a three day period extending from his time of access to the enterprise service.
  • This decision is based, for example, on David Dudley's role as a long haul delivery truck driver in the middle of a current delivery, and upon the limited interface capabilities of the client PDA. The interface adaptation service may presume that David Dudley will most likely inquire about either his present delivery task, or about a delivery task scheduled for the near future. The interface adaptation service may determine to simplify the interface by limiting the information presented to David Dudley accordingly. Contrary to expectation, however, David Dudley may desire to access employee benefit services, or to view shipping tasks further in the future in order to plan for a vacation. The interface adaptation may allow David Dudley to override its [0053] preliminary determination 655 based on his actual rather than expected needs.
  • Because the context information indicates that David Dudley is driving and that lighting likely is poor (e.g., it is still night in Alaska during the winter at 2:30 p.m.), the [0054] interface adaptation 650 may provide 660 that the primary interface path should be voice (e.g., using VoiceXML), thus allowing David Dudley to maintain eye contact with the road. Nevertheless, another primary interface path might be chosen were the context information to indicate that the noise level were high, or that David Dudley were hard of hearing or deaf. For example, another suitable interface path might be available where the delivery truck includes a heads-up display with integrated steering-wheel controls configured to operate with the client PDA. In that case, the heads up display might be selected as the primary interface path in the interface adaptation.
  • Based on the indication of the context information that David Dudley has substantial expertise with the enterprise service, the [0055] interface adaptation 650 may indicate an enterprise help level 665 of “low” that may cause the interface to be streamlined by minimizing the level of help offered regarding use of the enterprise service. On the other hand, the interface adaptation may indicate a client device help level 670 that is “moderate to high,” (e.g., the company recently may have replaced a notebook computer on which David Dudley was proficient with the PDA). In that circumstance, the client device help level 670 may cause the user interface to provide a moderate to high level of help with respect to the client PDA.
  • Finally, the interface adaptation may indicate [0056] 675 that help should be offered to David Dudley in a proactive style (e.g., offered when a pause indicates possible user confusion). This determination may be based on the context information showing that David Dudley historically has preferred a passive role in receiving help. The interface adaptation might provide that the help style should be passive (e.g., activated only upon user request) if the context information indicated that David Dudley preferred to refer to help only after having failed himself to determine a solution.
  • The [0057] interface adaptation 650 may be implemented based on an interface or protocol associated with the interface adaptation service, and/or as a data structure. For example, the interface adaptation service may “push” the information of the interface adaptation 650 to the enterprise service or the client device using a suitable protocol. The interface adaptation service also may be configured to populate the information of the interface adaptation 650 into an appropriate data structure. The enterprise service or the client device may then access the information of the interface adaptation 650 by accessing the data structure.
  • FIGS. [0058] 7A-C illustrate an interaction of David Dudley with the client PDA using the adapted interface.
  • Referring to FIG. 7A, the client PDA initially may await for David Dudley to provide login information or to demonstrate an intent to login. For example, David Dudley might provide login information using a handwriting recognition system of the PDA, through an attached keyboard, or might indicate an intent to login vocally by saying “Login.” Upon receiving the verbal command “login,” the client PDA might respond: “To login, state your username and password.” Alternatively, the client PDA might employ biometrics such as through finger-printing or a voice scan to provide the needed identification and authentication. [0059]
  • Referring to FIG. 7B, once David Dudley has logged onto the system, the context adaptation service may determine context and adapt the client PDA interface as described above. Based on the interface adaptation, the client PDA may display a main menu offering selections related to David Dudley's immediate and near future tasks as a truck driver. These might include his short term transport schedule, as well as any maintenance scheduled for his truck for the same period. Based on the interface adaptation determination of voice as the primary interface, the client PDA may present the menu information vocally without further prompting by David Dudley. For example, the interface may instruct: “To select from the Main menu, state ‘one’ or ‘transport schedule’ to select the first item, or state ‘two’ or truck maintenance’ to select the second item.” David Dudley might determine to access the transport schedule and might do so by stating “one.”[0060]
  • Referring to FIG. 7C, the client PDA may respond to David Dudley's instruction by indicating through speech that “Your current delivery time is delayed by 3-hours at the customer's request; pick-up for you next delivery is deferred for 3-hours.” Similar information also may be provided textually by the client PDA. The textual information displayed by the client PDA may be more limited in view of a more limited display capacity of the PDA. The client PDA may provide an associated on screen text description as shown in FIG. 7C, but may require a user to make an additional selection to provide the more detailed information readily provided using voice. [0061]
  • The context information may be updated to match changing context continuously, periodically, or by any other suitable method. As context information changes in response to changing context, the interface adaptation also may be updated. For example, David Dudley may determine to stop at a diner to eat before reaching Fairbanks, but to continue interacting with the enterprise service while at the diner. The context information may be updated to reflect that David Dudley no is outside of his truck which no longer is moving. Moreover, the noise level in the diner may be high. In view of the changed context, the interface adaptation may indicate that that the primary interface path should be text rather than voice based on the noise level and in order to protect privacy while David Dudley is outside of his truck. [0062]
  • Other implementations are within the scope of the following claims. For example, enterprise process workflows also may be adapted to recognize and respond automatically to complex situations based on multi-dimensional context information. Multi-dimensional context information also may improve user identification and authentication schemes by combining existing enterprise information with, for example, biometric identification of a user. [0063]

Claims (47)

What is claimed is:
1. An enterprise system with multi-dimensional context awareness, the system comprising:
a network;
an enterprise service coupled to the network;
a plurality of clients configured to communicate with the network to access the enterprise service, wherein each client includes a user interface by which a user may interact with the enterprise service;
a plurality of information sources that include enterprise information related to one or more activities of the enterprise system;
a context determination service configured to determine context information describing a multi-dimensional context based on the enterprise information, wherein the context information comprises a user identification, an identification of the client selected by the user, a user role, a user expertise related to the enterprise service, and a user expertise related to the selected client; and
an interface adaptation service operable to adapt the user interface of the selected client based on the context information.
2. The system of claim 1 wherein the plurality of clients comprise one or more wireless handheld devices.
3. The system of claim 1, wherein adapting the user interface of the selected client based on the context information comprises selecting a sensory communication path for the interaction of the user with the enterprise service that is suited to a context described by the context information.
4. The system of claim 3 wherein the sensory communication path selected comprises a voice communication path.
5. The system of claim 3 wherein the sensory communication path selected comprises a text communication path.
6. The system of claim 3 wherein the sensory communication path selected comprises a graphical communication path.
7. The system of claim 1, wherein adapting the user interface of the selected client based on the context information comprises adapting the user interface to adjust a level of help automatically provided to the user regarding operation of the selected client based on the context information describing the user expertise related to the selected client.
8. The system of claim 1, wherein adapting the user interface of the selected client based on the context information comprises adapting the user interface to adjust a level of help automatically provided to the user regarding operation of the enterprise service based on the context information describing the user expertise related to the enterprise service.
9. The system of claim 1, wherein adapting the user interface of the selected client based on the context information comprises adapting the user interface to present only information to the user relevant to the user role described by the context information.
10. The system of claim 1, wherein adapting the user interface of the selected client based on the context information comprises adapting the user interface to present only information to the user relevant to the user identification described by the context information.
11. The system of claim 1 wherein the context determination service comprises a rule engine.
12. The system of claim 1 wherein the context determination service comprises an inference engine.
13. The system of claim 12 wherein the inference engine comprises a Bayesian reasoning engine.
14. The system of claim 1 wherein the interface adaptation service comprises a rule engine.
15. The system of claim 1 wherein the interface adaptation service comprises an inference engine.
16. The system of claim 15 wherein the inference engine comprises a Bayesian reasoning engine.
17. The system of claim 1 wherein the context information further comprises a measure of time.
18. The system of claim 1 wherein the context information further includes information regarding a physical environment of the user.
19. The system of claim 18 wherein the physical environment information includes information related to a location of the user, an activity of the user, a measure of background noise, and a measure of lightness or darkness.
20. The system of claim 1 wherein the plurality of information sources includes one or more databases.
21. The system of claim 1 wherein the plurality of information sources includes a security device.
22. The system of claim 1 wherein the plurality of information sources includes a global positioning system.
23. The system of claim 1 wherein the plurality of information sources does not include an information source configured only to provide context information.
24. The system of claim 23 wherein the plurality of information sources does not include a GPS configured to provide a location of a client device.
25. A method of adapting a user interface of a client in an enterprise system based on multi-dimensional context information, the method comprising:
receiving a request of a user to login to an enterprise service of the enterprise system using a client;
determining first information based on the request to login to the enterprise service using the client;
determining second information from a plurality of information sources of the enterprise system based on the first information;
determining context information describing a multi-dimensional context based on the first information and the second information, wherein the context information comprises a user identification, a client identification, a user role, a user expertise related to the enterprise service, and a user expertise related to the client; and
adapting the user interface of the client based on the context information.
26. The method of claim 25, wherein adapting the user interface of the client based on the context information comprises selecting a sensory communication path for the interaction of the user with the enterprise service that is suited to a context described by the context information.
27. The method of claim 26 wherein the sensory communication path selected comprises a voice communication path.
28. The method of claim 26 wherein the sensory communication path selected comprises a text communication path.
29. The method of claim 26 wherein the sensory communication path selected comprises a graphical communication path.
30. The method of claim 25, wherein adapting the user interface of the client based on the context information comprises adapting the user interface to adjust a level of help automatically provided to the user regarding operation of the client based on the context information describing the user expertise related to the client.
31. The method of claim 25, wherein adapting the user interface of the client based on the context information comprises adapting the user interface to adjust a level of help automatically provided to the user regarding operation of the enterprise service based on the context information describing the user expertise related to the enterprise service.
32. The method of claim 25, wherein adapting the user interface of the client based on the context information comprises adapting the user interface to present only information to the user relevant to the user role described by the context information.
33. A computer program for adapting a user interface of a client in an enterprise system based on multi-dimensional context information, the computer program comprising:
a login code segment to cause a computer to receive a request of a user to login to an enterprise service of the enterprise system using a client;
a first information determination code segment to cause the computer to determine first information based on the request to login to the enterprise service using the client;
a second information determination code segment to cause the computer to determine second information from a plurality of information sources of the enterprise system based on the first information;
a context information determination code segment to cause the computer to determine context information describing a multi-dimensional context based on the first information and the second information, wherein the context information comprises a user identification, a client identification, a user role, a user expertise related to the enterprise service, and a user expertise related to the client; and
an adaptation code segment to cause the computer to adapt the user interface of the client based on the context information.
34. The computer program of claim 33, wherein adapting the user interface of the client based on the context information comprises selecting a sensory communication path for the interaction of the user with the enterprise service that is suited to a context described by the context information.
35. The computer program of claim 34 wherein the sensory communication path selected comprises a voice communication path.
36. The computer program of claim 34 wherein the sensory communication path selected comprises a text communication path.
37. The computer program of claim 34 wherein the sensory communication path selected comprises a graphical communication path.
38. The computer program of claim 33, wherein adapting the user interface of the client based on the context information comprises adapting the user interface to adjust a level of help automatically provided to the user regarding operation of the client based on the context information describing the user expertise related to the client.
39. The computer program of claim 33, wherein adapting the user interface of the client based on the context information comprises adapting the user interface to adjust a level of help automatically provided to the user regarding operation of the enterprise service based on the context information describing the user expertise related to the enterprise service.
40. The computer program of claim 33, wherein adapting the user interface of the client based on the context information comprises adapting the user interface to present only information to the user relevant to the user role described by the context information.
41. A method of adapting a user interface of a client in an enterprise system based on multi-dimensional context information, the method comprising:
receiving a request of a user to login to an enterprise service of the enterprise system using a client;
determining first information based on the request to login to the enterprise service using the client;
determining second information from a plurality of information sources of the enterprise system based on the first information;
determining context information describing a multi-dimensional context based on the first information and the second information; and
adapting the user interface of the client based on the context information.
42. The method of claim 41, wherein adapting the user interface of the client based on the multi-dimensional context information comprises selecting a sensory communication path for the interaction of the user with the enterprise service that is suited to a context described by the multi-dimensional context information.
43. The method of claim 42 wherein the sensory communication path selected comprises a voice communication path.
44. The method of claim 42 wherein the sensory communication path selected comprises a text communication path.
45. The method of claim 42 wherein the sensory communication path selected comprises a graphical communication path.
46. The method of claim 41, wherein adapting the user interface of the client based on the multi-dimensional context information comprises adapting the user interface to adjust a level of help automatically provided to the user based on the multi-dimensional context information.
47. The method of claim 41, wherein adapting the user interface of the client based on the multi-dimensional context information comprises adapting the user interface to present only information to the user relevant to a context described by the multi-dimensional context information.
US10/457,010 2002-06-01 2003-06-09 Multidimensional approach to context-awareness Abandoned US20040006593A1 (en)

Priority Applications (6)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US10/457,010 US20040006593A1 (en) 2002-06-14 2003-06-09 Multidimensional approach to context-awareness
PCT/EP2003/006269 WO2003107179A1 (en) 2002-06-01 2003-06-13 Multidimensional approach to context-awareness
AU2003257417A AU2003257417A1 (en) 2002-06-14 2003-06-13 Multidimensional approach to context-awareness
DE60313457T DE60313457T2 (en) 2002-06-14 2003-06-13 MULTIDIMENSIONAL APPROACH TO CONTEXT CONSCIOUSNESS
EP03759957A EP1514178B1 (en) 2002-06-14 2003-06-13 Multidimensional approach to context-awareness
US12/210,493 US8126984B2 (en) 2002-06-14 2008-09-15 Multidimensional approach to context-awareness

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US38828902P 2002-06-14 2002-06-14
US42211202P 2002-10-30 2002-10-30
US10/457,010 US20040006593A1 (en) 2002-06-14 2003-06-09 Multidimensional approach to context-awareness

Related Child Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US12/210,493 Continuation US8126984B2 (en) 2002-06-14 2008-09-15 Multidimensional approach to context-awareness

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US20040006593A1 true US20040006593A1 (en) 2004-01-08

Family

ID=29740836

Family Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US10/457,010 Abandoned US20040006593A1 (en) 2002-06-01 2003-06-09 Multidimensional approach to context-awareness
US12/210,493 Expired - Lifetime US8126984B2 (en) 2002-06-14 2008-09-15 Multidimensional approach to context-awareness

Family Applications After (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US12/210,493 Expired - Lifetime US8126984B2 (en) 2002-06-14 2008-09-15 Multidimensional approach to context-awareness

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (2) US20040006593A1 (en)
EP (1) EP1514178B1 (en)
AU (1) AU2003257417A1 (en)
DE (1) DE60313457T2 (en)
WO (1) WO2003107179A1 (en)

Cited By (19)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2004114190A1 (en) * 2003-06-16 2004-12-29 Uru Technology Incorporated Method and system for creating and operating biometrically enabled multi-purpose credential management devices
US20050086264A1 (en) * 2003-10-16 2005-04-21 Fuji Xerox Co., Ltd. Application program execution system, sensor, first server, second server, and object thereof and application program execution method
US20060087474A1 (en) * 2004-10-27 2006-04-27 Do Phuc K Method and system for monitoring location based service emitter instructure
KR100587563B1 (en) 2004-07-26 2006-06-08 삼성전자주식회사 Apparatus and method for providing context-aware service
US20070160564A1 (en) * 2001-02-28 2007-07-12 Jue-Chen Liu Compositions Containing Legume Products
US20080005679A1 (en) * 2006-06-28 2008-01-03 Microsoft Corporation Context specific user interface
US20080016580A1 (en) * 2006-07-11 2008-01-17 Royyuru Dixit Role-based access in a multi-customer computing environment
KR100844293B1 (en) 2007-01-04 2008-07-07 성균관대학교산학협력단 Management system of context-aware security service and method thereof
US20080250316A1 (en) * 2007-04-04 2008-10-09 Honeywell International Inc. Mechanism to improve a user's interaction with a computer system
US20080270913A1 (en) * 2007-04-26 2008-10-30 Howard Singer Methods, Media, and Devices for Providing a Package of Assets
US20100138759A1 (en) * 2006-11-03 2010-06-03 Conceptual Speech, Llc Layered contextual configuration management system and method and minimized input speech recognition user interface interactions experience
US20100250530A1 (en) * 2009-03-31 2010-09-30 Oracle International Corporation Multi-dimensional algorithm for contextual search
KR101027667B1 (en) 2008-02-27 2011-04-12 성균관대학교산학협력단 Context Aware - Access Control Management System, Management Method Thereof and The Recorder
US20130031619A1 (en) * 2011-07-25 2013-01-31 Lenovo (Singapore) Pte. Ltd. Remote authentication screen locker for a mobile device
US20130073634A1 (en) * 2011-09-16 2013-03-21 Oracle International Corporation Email client with erp task integration
US20130239048A1 (en) * 2005-11-30 2013-09-12 Microsoft Corporation Centralized User Interface for Displaying Contextually Driven Business Content and Business Related Functionality
US20160035006A1 (en) * 2014-05-13 2016-02-04 Paypal, Inc. Streamlined online checkout
US9565528B2 (en) * 2015-04-08 2017-02-07 Verizon Patent And Licensing Inc. Providing a message based on translating a beacon identifier to a virtual beacon identifier
US10026058B2 (en) 2010-10-29 2018-07-17 Microsoft Technology Licensing, Llc Enterprise resource planning oriented context-aware environment

Families Citing this family (72)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20050278640A1 (en) * 2004-06-09 2005-12-15 Jones Edwin R System and method of dynamic entitlement
US7614049B2 (en) 2004-08-24 2009-11-03 International Business Machines Corporation Autonomic installation and configuration of an enterprise business process on-demand
US8677377B2 (en) 2005-09-08 2014-03-18 Apple Inc. Method and apparatus for building an intelligent automated assistant
US7433741B2 (en) 2005-09-30 2008-10-07 Rockwell Automation Technologies, Inc. Hybrid user interface having base presentation information with variably prominent supplemental information
US20070078535A1 (en) * 2005-09-30 2007-04-05 Rockwell Automation Technologies, Inc. System and method for identifying particularized equipment information of interest to varied users in an industrial automation environment
US9318108B2 (en) 2010-01-18 2016-04-19 Apple Inc. Intelligent automated assistant
US8996376B2 (en) 2008-04-05 2015-03-31 Apple Inc. Intelligent text-to-speech conversion
US8209638B2 (en) * 2008-12-31 2012-06-26 Sap Ag Customization abstraction
US10241752B2 (en) 2011-09-30 2019-03-26 Apple Inc. Interface for a virtual digital assistant
US9858925B2 (en) 2009-06-05 2018-01-02 Apple Inc. Using context information to facilitate processing of commands in a virtual assistant
US10241644B2 (en) 2011-06-03 2019-03-26 Apple Inc. Actionable reminder entries
US9431006B2 (en) 2009-07-02 2016-08-30 Apple Inc. Methods and apparatuses for automatic speech recognition
US8682667B2 (en) 2010-02-25 2014-03-25 Apple Inc. User profiling for selecting user specific voice input processing information
US10511609B2 (en) 2010-09-15 2019-12-17 Core Mobile Networks, Inc. Context-based analytics and intelligence
US8606923B2 (en) 2010-09-15 2013-12-10 Core Mobile Networks, Inc. System and method for real time delivery of context based content from the cloud to mobile devices
CN102023894A (en) * 2010-11-18 2011-04-20 华为终端有限公司 User operation interface transformation method and terminal
US8555249B2 (en) * 2010-12-13 2013-10-08 Sap Ag Lifecycle stable user interface adaptations
US8214904B1 (en) * 2011-12-21 2012-07-03 Kaspersky Lab Zao System and method for detecting computer security threats based on verdicts of computer users
US8209758B1 (en) * 2011-12-21 2012-06-26 Kaspersky Lab Zao System and method for classifying users of antivirus software based on their level of expertise in the field of computer security
US8214905B1 (en) * 2011-12-21 2012-07-03 Kaspersky Lab Zao System and method for dynamically allocating computing resources for processing security information
US9280610B2 (en) 2012-05-14 2016-03-08 Apple Inc. Crowd sourcing information to fulfill user requests
US9721563B2 (en) 2012-06-08 2017-08-01 Apple Inc. Name recognition system
US9058583B2 (en) 2012-09-06 2015-06-16 Sap Se Systems and methods for mobile access to item information
US20140068445A1 (en) * 2012-09-06 2014-03-06 Sap Ag Systems and Methods for Mobile Access to Enterprise Work Area Information
US9547647B2 (en) 2012-09-19 2017-01-17 Apple Inc. Voice-based media searching
US20140181652A1 (en) * 2012-12-21 2014-06-26 Timothy A. Stanke Contextual and Personalized Help
US9807145B2 (en) 2013-05-10 2017-10-31 Successfactors, Inc. Adaptive tile framework
WO2014197334A2 (en) 2013-06-07 2014-12-11 Apple Inc. System and method for user-specified pronunciation of words for speech synthesis and recognition
US9350625B2 (en) 2013-06-25 2016-05-24 Sap Se Service consumption based on gamification level classification
US20150025927A1 (en) * 2013-07-16 2015-01-22 Raytheon Company Mission component evaluation and response architecture
US9747463B2 (en) 2013-11-30 2017-08-29 Sap Se Securing access to business information
US9430463B2 (en) 2014-05-30 2016-08-30 Apple Inc. Exemplar-based natural language processing
US9338493B2 (en) 2014-06-30 2016-05-10 Apple Inc. Intelligent automated assistant for TV user interactions
US9668121B2 (en) 2014-09-30 2017-05-30 Apple Inc. Social reminders
US10567477B2 (en) 2015-03-08 2020-02-18 Apple Inc. Virtual assistant continuity
US9578173B2 (en) 2015-06-05 2017-02-21 Apple Inc. Virtual assistant aided communication with 3rd party service in a communication session
CN105023101A (en) * 2015-07-17 2015-11-04 浙江云景信息科技有限公司 Intelligent and integrated management cloud platform for primary and secondary school students
US10671428B2 (en) 2015-09-08 2020-06-02 Apple Inc. Distributed personal assistant
US10747498B2 (en) 2015-09-08 2020-08-18 Apple Inc. Zero latency digital assistant
US11010550B2 (en) 2015-09-29 2021-05-18 Apple Inc. Unified language modeling framework for word prediction, auto-completion and auto-correction
US10366158B2 (en) 2015-09-29 2019-07-30 Apple Inc. Efficient word encoding for recurrent neural network language models
US11587559B2 (en) 2015-09-30 2023-02-21 Apple Inc. Intelligent device identification
US10691473B2 (en) 2015-11-06 2020-06-23 Apple Inc. Intelligent automated assistant in a messaging environment
US10049668B2 (en) 2015-12-02 2018-08-14 Apple Inc. Applying neural network language models to weighted finite state transducers for automatic speech recognition
US10223066B2 (en) 2015-12-23 2019-03-05 Apple Inc. Proactive assistance based on dialog communication between devices
US10446143B2 (en) 2016-03-14 2019-10-15 Apple Inc. Identification of voice inputs providing credentials
US9934775B2 (en) 2016-05-26 2018-04-03 Apple Inc. Unit-selection text-to-speech synthesis based on predicted concatenation parameters
US9972304B2 (en) 2016-06-03 2018-05-15 Apple Inc. Privacy preserving distributed evaluation framework for embedded personalized systems
US10249300B2 (en) 2016-06-06 2019-04-02 Apple Inc. Intelligent list reading
US10049663B2 (en) 2016-06-08 2018-08-14 Apple, Inc. Intelligent automated assistant for media exploration
DK179309B1 (en) 2016-06-09 2018-04-23 Apple Inc Intelligent automated assistant in a home environment
US10490187B2 (en) 2016-06-10 2019-11-26 Apple Inc. Digital assistant providing automated status report
US10067938B2 (en) 2016-06-10 2018-09-04 Apple Inc. Multilingual word prediction
US10586535B2 (en) 2016-06-10 2020-03-10 Apple Inc. Intelligent digital assistant in a multi-tasking environment
US10509862B2 (en) 2016-06-10 2019-12-17 Apple Inc. Dynamic phrase expansion of language input
US10192552B2 (en) 2016-06-10 2019-01-29 Apple Inc. Digital assistant providing whispered speech
DK201670540A1 (en) 2016-06-11 2018-01-08 Apple Inc Application integration with a digital assistant
DK179049B1 (en) 2016-06-11 2017-09-18 Apple Inc Data driven natural language event detection and classification
DK179343B1 (en) 2016-06-11 2018-05-14 Apple Inc Intelligent task discovery
DK179415B1 (en) 2016-06-11 2018-06-14 Apple Inc Intelligent device arbitration and control
US10043516B2 (en) 2016-09-23 2018-08-07 Apple Inc. Intelligent automated assistant
US10593346B2 (en) 2016-12-22 2020-03-17 Apple Inc. Rank-reduced token representation for automatic speech recognition
US11361266B2 (en) 2017-03-20 2022-06-14 Microsoft Technology Licensing, Llc User objective assistance technologies
DK201770439A1 (en) 2017-05-11 2018-12-13 Apple Inc. Offline personal assistant
DK179745B1 (en) 2017-05-12 2019-05-01 Apple Inc. SYNCHRONIZATION AND TASK DELEGATION OF A DIGITAL ASSISTANT
DK179496B1 (en) 2017-05-12 2019-01-15 Apple Inc. USER-SPECIFIC Acoustic Models
DK201770432A1 (en) 2017-05-15 2018-12-21 Apple Inc. Hierarchical belief states for digital assistants
DK201770431A1 (en) 2017-05-15 2018-12-20 Apple Inc. Optimizing dialogue policy decisions for digital assistants using implicit feedback
DK179560B1 (en) 2017-05-16 2019-02-18 Apple Inc. Far-field extension for digital assistant services
EP3605326B1 (en) 2018-07-31 2021-09-08 Hewlett Packard Enterprise Development LP Combining computer applications
US11438452B1 (en) 2019-08-09 2022-09-06 Apple Inc. Propagating context information in a privacy preserving manner
US11157679B2 (en) 2020-01-27 2021-10-26 Capital One Services, Llc Semantic navigation of content documents

Citations (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5799292A (en) * 1994-04-29 1998-08-25 International Business Machines Corporation Adaptive hypermedia presentation method and system
US5930699A (en) * 1996-11-12 1999-07-27 Ericsson Inc. Address retrieval system
US5948040A (en) * 1994-06-24 1999-09-07 Delorme Publishing Co. Travel reservation information and planning system
US6026375A (en) * 1997-12-05 2000-02-15 Nortel Networks Corporation Method and apparatus for processing orders from customers in a mobile environment
US6049711A (en) * 1995-08-23 2000-04-11 Teletrac, Inc. Method and apparatus for providing location-based information services
US6088594A (en) * 1997-11-26 2000-07-11 Ericsson Inc. System and method for positioning a mobile terminal using a terminal based browser
US6199099B1 (en) * 1999-03-05 2001-03-06 Ac Properties B.V. System, method and article of manufacture for a mobile communication network utilizing a distributed communication network
US6236978B1 (en) * 1997-11-14 2001-05-22 New York University System and method for dynamic profiling of users in one-to-one applications
US6260035B1 (en) * 1996-07-19 2001-07-10 Microsoft Corporation Intelligent user assistance facility for a software program
US20010018349A1 (en) * 2000-02-29 2001-08-30 Jair Kinnunen Location dependent services
US20030090515A1 (en) * 2001-11-13 2003-05-15 Sony Corporation And Sony Electronics Inc. Simplified user interface by adaptation based on usage history
US20030144846A1 (en) * 2002-01-31 2003-07-31 Denenberg Lawrence A. Method and system for modifying the behavior of an application based upon the application's grammar
US20030182394A1 (en) * 2001-06-07 2003-09-25 Oren Ryngler Method and system for providing context awareness
US20030208459A1 (en) * 2002-05-06 2003-11-06 Shea Gabriel O. Collaborative context information management system
US20060200260A1 (en) * 1991-12-23 2006-09-07 Steven Hoffberg System and method for intermachine markup language communications

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4964077A (en) * 1987-10-06 1990-10-16 International Business Machines Corporation Method for automatically adjusting help information displayed in an online interactive system
US5115501A (en) * 1988-11-04 1992-05-19 International Business Machines Corporation Procedure for automatically customizing the user interface of application programs
TW426175U (en) 1999-03-16 2001-03-11 Hon Hai Prec Ind Co Ltd Carrying apparatus for electric circuit board
JP5243679B2 (en) * 2000-03-16 2013-07-24 マイクロソフト コーポレーション Notification platform architecture
US7343165B2 (en) 2000-04-11 2008-03-11 American Calcar Inc. GPS publication application server
GB2386724A (en) * 2000-10-16 2003-09-24 Tangis Corp Dynamically determining appropriate computer interfaces
US20020101448A1 (en) * 2000-11-29 2002-08-01 Sanderson Richard A. Generating a declarative user interface

Patent Citations (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20060200260A1 (en) * 1991-12-23 2006-09-07 Steven Hoffberg System and method for intermachine markup language communications
US5799292A (en) * 1994-04-29 1998-08-25 International Business Machines Corporation Adaptive hypermedia presentation method and system
US5948040A (en) * 1994-06-24 1999-09-07 Delorme Publishing Co. Travel reservation information and planning system
US6049711A (en) * 1995-08-23 2000-04-11 Teletrac, Inc. Method and apparatus for providing location-based information services
US6260035B1 (en) * 1996-07-19 2001-07-10 Microsoft Corporation Intelligent user assistance facility for a software program
US5930699A (en) * 1996-11-12 1999-07-27 Ericsson Inc. Address retrieval system
US6236978B1 (en) * 1997-11-14 2001-05-22 New York University System and method for dynamic profiling of users in one-to-one applications
US6088594A (en) * 1997-11-26 2000-07-11 Ericsson Inc. System and method for positioning a mobile terminal using a terminal based browser
US6026375A (en) * 1997-12-05 2000-02-15 Nortel Networks Corporation Method and apparatus for processing orders from customers in a mobile environment
US6199099B1 (en) * 1999-03-05 2001-03-06 Ac Properties B.V. System, method and article of manufacture for a mobile communication network utilizing a distributed communication network
US20010018349A1 (en) * 2000-02-29 2001-08-30 Jair Kinnunen Location dependent services
US20030182394A1 (en) * 2001-06-07 2003-09-25 Oren Ryngler Method and system for providing context awareness
US20030090515A1 (en) * 2001-11-13 2003-05-15 Sony Corporation And Sony Electronics Inc. Simplified user interface by adaptation based on usage history
US20030144846A1 (en) * 2002-01-31 2003-07-31 Denenberg Lawrence A. Method and system for modifying the behavior of an application based upon the application's grammar
US20030208459A1 (en) * 2002-05-06 2003-11-06 Shea Gabriel O. Collaborative context information management system

Cited By (29)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20070160564A1 (en) * 2001-02-28 2007-07-12 Jue-Chen Liu Compositions Containing Legume Products
US7715593B1 (en) 2003-06-16 2010-05-11 Uru Technology Incorporated Method and system for creating and operating biometrically enabled multi-purpose credential management devices
US8144941B2 (en) 2003-06-16 2012-03-27 Uru Technology Incorporated Method and system for creating and operating biometrically enabled multi-purpose credential management devices
US20100275259A1 (en) * 2003-06-16 2010-10-28 Uru Technology Incorporated Method and system for creating and operating biometrically enabled multi-purpose credential management devices
WO2004114190A1 (en) * 2003-06-16 2004-12-29 Uru Technology Incorporated Method and system for creating and operating biometrically enabled multi-purpose credential management devices
US20100117794A1 (en) * 2003-06-16 2010-05-13 William Mark Adams Method and system for creating and operating biometrically enabled multi-purpose credential management devices
US20050086264A1 (en) * 2003-10-16 2005-04-21 Fuji Xerox Co., Ltd. Application program execution system, sensor, first server, second server, and object thereof and application program execution method
US8150952B2 (en) * 2003-10-16 2012-04-03 Fuji Xerox Co., Ltd. Application program execution system, sensor, first server, second server, and object thereof and application program execution method
KR100587563B1 (en) 2004-07-26 2006-06-08 삼성전자주식회사 Apparatus and method for providing context-aware service
US7283093B2 (en) 2004-10-27 2007-10-16 International Business Machines Corporation Method and system for monitoring location based service emitter infrastructure
US20060087474A1 (en) * 2004-10-27 2006-04-27 Do Phuc K Method and system for monitoring location based service emitter instructure
US20130239048A1 (en) * 2005-11-30 2013-09-12 Microsoft Corporation Centralized User Interface for Displaying Contextually Driven Business Content and Business Related Functionality
US20080005679A1 (en) * 2006-06-28 2008-01-03 Microsoft Corporation Context specific user interface
US20080016580A1 (en) * 2006-07-11 2008-01-17 Royyuru Dixit Role-based access in a multi-customer computing environment
US8336078B2 (en) 2006-07-11 2012-12-18 Fmr Corp. Role-based access in a multi-customer computing environment
US20100138759A1 (en) * 2006-11-03 2010-06-03 Conceptual Speech, Llc Layered contextual configuration management system and method and minimized input speech recognition user interface interactions experience
US9471333B2 (en) * 2006-11-03 2016-10-18 Conceptual Speech, Llc Contextual speech-recognition user-interface driven system and method
KR100844293B1 (en) 2007-01-04 2008-07-07 성균관대학교산학협력단 Management system of context-aware security service and method thereof
US20080250316A1 (en) * 2007-04-04 2008-10-09 Honeywell International Inc. Mechanism to improve a user's interaction with a computer system
US20080270913A1 (en) * 2007-04-26 2008-10-30 Howard Singer Methods, Media, and Devices for Providing a Package of Assets
KR101027667B1 (en) 2008-02-27 2011-04-12 성균관대학교산학협력단 Context Aware - Access Control Management System, Management Method Thereof and The Recorder
US20100250530A1 (en) * 2009-03-31 2010-09-30 Oracle International Corporation Multi-dimensional algorithm for contextual search
US8229909B2 (en) * 2009-03-31 2012-07-24 Oracle International Corporation Multi-dimensional algorithm for contextual search
US10026058B2 (en) 2010-10-29 2018-07-17 Microsoft Technology Licensing, Llc Enterprise resource planning oriented context-aware environment
US20130031619A1 (en) * 2011-07-25 2013-01-31 Lenovo (Singapore) Pte. Ltd. Remote authentication screen locker for a mobile device
US20130073634A1 (en) * 2011-09-16 2013-03-21 Oracle International Corporation Email client with erp task integration
US9911089B2 (en) * 2011-09-16 2018-03-06 Oracle International Corporation Email client with ERP task integration
US20160035006A1 (en) * 2014-05-13 2016-02-04 Paypal, Inc. Streamlined online checkout
US9565528B2 (en) * 2015-04-08 2017-02-07 Verizon Patent And Licensing Inc. Providing a message based on translating a beacon identifier to a virtual beacon identifier

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP1514178A1 (en) 2005-03-16
WO2003107179A1 (en) 2003-12-24
AU2003257417A1 (en) 2003-12-31
US8126984B2 (en) 2012-02-28
DE60313457T2 (en) 2008-01-03
DE60313457D1 (en) 2007-06-06
EP1514178B1 (en) 2007-04-25
US20090013038A1 (en) 2009-01-08

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
EP1514178B1 (en) Multidimensional approach to context-awareness
US10796247B2 (en) System for managing risk in employee travel
US6549939B1 (en) Proactive calendar notification agent
EP1363221B1 (en) Increasing the level of automation when scheduling and managing meetings
US20210004770A1 (en) Contextually aware schedule services
US9031845B2 (en) Mobile systems and methods for responding to natural language speech utterance
US20030182394A1 (en) Method and system for providing context awareness
US7987426B2 (en) Personalising content provided to a user
CA2695194C (en) Method and system for presenting a mash-up, or personalized mixture, and associated contextual suggestions to mobile users
WO2017172465A1 (en) Extensibility for context-aware digital personal assistant
US20040083265A1 (en) Collaborative conversation channels
US20070239506A1 (en) Priority based scheduling system
JP2001067261A (en) Integrated management application
US20100153171A1 (en) Method and apparatus for furlough, leave, closure, sabbatical, holiday, or vacation geo-location service
US9313611B2 (en) System for managing risk in employee travel
CN110337660B (en) Context application organizer framework for user life events
JPH1055259A (en) User interface environment setting method and data processing system
US20020103865A1 (en) Logbook database system
US20130262475A1 (en) Prioritizing Tasks
US9898555B2 (en) Systems and methods to automatically suggest elements for a content aggregation system
US20020178086A1 (en) System and method for seminar reservations
US8667602B2 (en) System for managing risk in employee travel
US11068321B2 (en) System and method for dynamically delivering content
US20150120587A1 (en) Use of a social network to enhance hiring team collaboration
Hong et al. Ubiquitous enterprise service adaptations based on contextual user behavior

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
AS Assignment

Owner name: SAP AKTIENGESELLSCHAFT, GERMANY

Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:VOGLER, HARTMUT K.;GOSLAR, KEVIN;REEL/FRAME:013995/0412;SIGNING DATES FROM 20030902 TO 20030904

STCB Information on status: application discontinuation

Free format text: ABANDONED -- FAILURE TO RESPOND TO AN OFFICE ACTION