US20070076683A1 - Low power module for a station of a wireless communication system and related method - Google Patents
Low power module for a station of a wireless communication system and related method Download PDFInfo
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- US20070076683A1 US20070076683A1 US11/241,743 US24174305A US2007076683A1 US 20070076683 A1 US20070076683 A1 US 20070076683A1 US 24174305 A US24174305 A US 24174305A US 2007076683 A1 US2007076683 A1 US 2007076683A1
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- module
- low power
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W52/00—Power management, e.g. TPC [Transmission Power Control], power saving or power classes
- H04W52/02—Power saving arrangements
- H04W52/0209—Power saving arrangements in terminal devices
- H04W52/0212—Power saving arrangements in terminal devices managed by the network, e.g. network or access point is master and terminal is slave
- H04W52/0216—Power saving arrangements in terminal devices managed by the network, e.g. network or access point is master and terminal is slave using a pre-established activity schedule, e.g. traffic indication frame
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W52/00—Power management, e.g. TPC [Transmission Power Control], power saving or power classes
- H04W52/02—Power saving arrangements
- H04W52/0209—Power saving arrangements in terminal devices
- H04W52/0261—Power saving arrangements in terminal devices managing power supply demand, e.g. depending on battery level
- H04W52/0287—Power saving arrangements in terminal devices managing power supply demand, e.g. depending on battery level changing the clock frequency of a controller in the equipment
- H04W52/0293—Power saving arrangements in terminal devices managing power supply demand, e.g. depending on battery level changing the clock frequency of a controller in the equipment having a sub-controller with a low clock frequency switching on and off a main controller with a high clock frequency
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02D—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
- Y02D30/00—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks
- Y02D30/70—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks in wireless communication networks
Definitions
- the invention relates to a low power module, and in particular, to a low power module applied in a station of a wireless communication system.
- WLANs wireless local area networks
- the invention provides a user station applied in a wireless communication system.
- the wireless communication system comprises an access point (AP) and a plurality of stations.
- the plurality of stations and the AP sends packets to communicate with each other.
- the user station comprises a host module, a low power module, a RF/BB module, and a clock generator.
- the host module controls operation of the station.
- the low power module transmits and receives packets with low power consumption.
- the RF/BB module processes various analog and digital signals from the packets.
- the clock generator provides a normal operational clock to the station.
- the invention further provides a low power module applied in a station.
- the low power module comprises a first MAC module, a second MAC module, a low power switch register, a control register unit, a slow clock generator, and a multiplexer (MUX)
- the first MAC module operates in normal operational mode and sleeps in power save mode.
- the second MAC module controls normal operational mode and power save mode switch and maintains basic connection.
- the low power switch register switches control sources between first MAC and second MAC.
- the control register unit controls the RF/BB module and the clock generator under the control of the low power switch register.
- the slow clock generator generates a slow operational clock for the second MAC module in the power save mode.
- the MUX chooses the normal operational or the slow operational clock periodically as the clock of the second MAC module according to the control register unit.
- the second MAC module sends a wake up event to the first MAC module to wake up the first MAC module and switches to the normal operational mode if the second MAC module received a specific packet or a specific beacon in the power save mode or under a waiting timeout condition.
- a further object of the invention is to provide a method of controlling a user station applied in a wireless communication system.
- the method comprises: entering a power save mode; switching periodically between the listen phase and the deep sleep phase wherein the low power unit waits for a wanted beacon or a wanted packet in the listen phase and is idle in the deep sleep phase; synchronizing the low power unit with the AP automatically for optimized power saving when receiving a beacon, and returning to a normal operational mode.
- FIG. 1 shows a block diagram of a wireless communication system comprising an access point and a station according to one embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 2 shows a waveform diagram of a plurality of packets, which is sent from the AP to the station, and a plurality of packets, which is sent from the station to the AP;
- FIG. 3 shows a block diagram of the low power module in FIG. 1 ;
- FIG. 4 shows a timing diagram of the host module, a normal clock, a slow clock, and a low power unit operating between operational mode and power save mode;
- FIG. 5 is a flowchart illustrating a low power method utilized in a wireless communication system according to another embodiment of the invention.
- FIG. 1 shows a block diagram of a wireless communication system 100 comprising an access point (AP) 110 and a station 120 according to one embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 shows a waveform diagram of a plurality of packets P AP , which are sent from the AP 110 to the station 120 , and a plurality of packets P STATION , which are sent from the station 120 to the AP 110 .
- the AP 110 and the station 120 send packets to each other through a medium (e.g. air).
- a medium e.g. air
- the operation of the station 120 is further detailed in the following.
- the station 120 comprises a host module (e.g. host CPU) 122 , a low power module (e.g. low power chip) 124 , a radio frequency/base band (RF/BB) module (e.g. RF/BB chip) 126 , and a clock generator (e.g. PLL, OSC, regulator) 128 .
- a host module e.g. host CPU
- a low power module e.g. low power chip
- RF/BB radio frequency/base band
- RF/BB radio frequency/base band
- RF/BB chip radio frequency/base band
- a clock generator e.g. PLL, OSC, regulator
- the low power module 124 controls the station 120 to maintain basic connection with the AP 110 .
- the RF/BB module 126 processes various analog and digital signals from the packets and the clock generator 128 provides a normal clock CLK normal to the station 120 . Because the operation and functionality of the RF/BB module 126 and the clock generator 128 is known to those skilled in the art, further discussion is omitted for the sake of brevity. A detailed description of functionality and operation of the low power module 124 is provided in the following.
- FIG. 3 shows a block diagram of the low power module 124 in FIG. 1 .
- the low power module 124 comprises two medium access control (MAC) modules 302 and 304 , a low power switch register 306 , a control registers unit 308 , a slow clock generator 310 , and a multiplexer (MUX) 312 .
- MAC medium access control
- MUX multiplexer
- the MAC module 302 under the control of the host module 122 (in FIG. 1 ) communicates with the AP 110 (in FIG. 1 ) according to a predetermined wireless communication specification (e.g. IEEE 802.11) in the normal operation mode. In the power save mode, the MAC module 302 sleeps and some of its functionality is replaced by the MAC module 304 (described later).
- a predetermined wireless communication specification e.g. IEEE 802.11
- the MAC module 302 sleeps and some of its functionality is replaced by the MAC module 304 (described later).
- There are various architectures for MAC module 302 For example, if the MAC module 302 has no CPU, the host module 122 will control the RF/BB module 130 directly. Otherwise, if the MAC module 302 is a SOC chip (embedded CPU), the MAC module 302 will control the RF/BB module 130 directly.
- a detailed description of the MAC module 304 is provided in the following.
- the MAC module 304 comprises a low power unit 410 and a timing synchronization function (TSF) timer 420 .
- the low power unit 410 communicates with the AP 110 (in FIG. 1 ) according to a predetermined wireless communication specification in the power save mode.
- the TSF timer 420 e.g. 64-bit timer
- the low power unit 410 sleeps (deep sleep phase in the power save mode) and wakes up (listen phase in the power save mode) periodically to listen to specific packets (e.g.
- beacon or wanted packets from the AP 110 according to the wakeup time T TSP of the TSF timer 420 .
- the low power unit 410 In the deep sleep phase of power save mode, the low power unit 410 only sleeps. In the listen phase of power save mode, the MAC module 304 wakes to listen to specific packets. It also maintains basic connection with AP 110 by sending a NULL packet while losing beacon packet several times. If the wanted packet is received or a programmed timeout occurs, the low power unit 410 sends an event EVENT wake to wake up all sleeping elements in the station 120 to leave the power save mode and enter the normal operation mode. Otherwise, other elements in the station 120 stay asleep and the MAC module 304 periodically wakes up.
- elements 306 and 308 is provided in the following.
- the low power switch register 306 is utilized to switch a current mode to another mode. For example, if the station 120 is in the normal operation mode, the low power switch register 306 can change the station 120 from the normal operation mode to the power save mode. Otherwise, if the station 120 is in the power save mode, the low power switch register 306 can change the station 120 from the power save mode to the normal operation mode.
- the control registers unit 308 which is controlled by the low power switch register 306 , is utilized to control various operations of elements (e.g. RF/BB module, PLL, oscillator, regulator) in the station 120 . In the normal operation mode, the control registers unit 308 controls various elements (e.g. RF/BB module) to wake and operate normally.
- control registers unit 308 controls various elements (e.g. RF/BB module) to sleep to reduce power consumption and controls the MUX 312 to periodically select one clock as an operational clock CLK from two different clocks.
- elements 310 and 312 are provided in the following.
- the slow clock generator 310 provides a slower clock CLK slow (compared with the normal clock CLK normal from the clock generator 128 ) to the MAC module 304 to operate.
- the MUX 312 selects the normal clock CLK normal as the operational clock CLK of the MAC module 304 in the listen phase and selects another slower clock CLK slow as the operational clock CLK of the MAC module 304 in the deep sleep phase.
- FIG. 4 shows a timing diagram of a host driver DRV HOST from the host module 122 , a normal clock CLK normal , a slow clock CLK slow , and a low power unit activity ACT low — power — unit with a plurality of packets 402 ⁇ 408 received from the AP 110 .
- the station 120 is in the normal operation mode, all elements in the station wake and operate normally.
- the station 120 changes from the normal operation mode to the sleep mode.
- All elements in the station 120 keeps sleeping until time T wake , except the MAC module 304 , the MUX 312 , the control registers unit 308 and the RF/BB module 126 in the durations (T 1 ⁇ T 1+ ⁇ T ), (T 2 ⁇ T 2+ ⁇ T ), (T 3 ⁇ T wake ).
- time T wake the station 120 changes from the sleep mode to the operation mode again. All elements in the station 120 will wake again and continue to operate at time T wake .
- the activity of the communication driver DRV HOST in the host module 122 also stops during the interval (T sleep ⁇ T wake ). In the interval (T sleep ⁇ T wake ), the low power unit 410 changes phases (deep sleep phase and listen phase) periodically.
- the low power unit 410 In the durations (T 1 ⁇ T 1+ ⁇ T ), (T 2 ⁇ T 2+ ⁇ T ), (T 3 ⁇ T wake ), the low power unit 410 is in the listen phase to listen to specific packets, the clock CLK normal is active to provide the operational clock for the low power unit 410 , and the clock CLK slow is sleeping. In the durations (T sleep ⁇ T 1 ), (T 1+ ⁇ T ⁇ T 2 ), (T 2+ ⁇ T ⁇ T 3 ), the low power unit 410 is in the deep sleep phase and does nothing but sleeps, the clock CLK normal is sleeping, and the clock CLK slow is active to provide the operational clock for the low power unit 410 .
- the low power unit 410 receives a plurality of specific packets (e.g. beacon) from the AD 110 in the listen phase and does nothing in the deep sleep phase periodically.
- the period time T TSF of phase transition is counted by the TSF timer 420 .
- the low power unit 410 finds no indication in these beacon packets and continues to sleep again to wait next time wakeup. If finding indication of buffered unicast in the beacon packet or buffered broadcast indication with wanted packet following (e.g., ARP) from the AP 110 , the low power unit 410 will leave the sleep mode and wake up the whole station 120 . If missing beacon packets several times, the low power unit 410 will switch MAC module 304 to send NULL packet and wait for acknowledgement which maintains basic connection.
- ARP wanted packet following
- FIG. 5 is a flowchart illustrating a low power method utilized in a wireless communication system according to another embodiment of the invention. A detailed description is given in the following.
- the low power module applied in a station according to the invention can save more power.
- the low power module wakes up periodically to listen to wanted packets or beacon. If receiving the wanted packets, the low power module generates an event to wake up the station (host module) again.
Abstract
Description
- The invention relates to a low power module, and in particular, to a low power module applied in a station of a wireless communication system.
- The widespread use of various wireless devices in network environments has increased the demand for wireless local area networks (“WLANs”) to provide high data transfer rates at low cost. However, power consumption of these devices is excessive.
- The invention provides a user station applied in a wireless communication system. The wireless communication system comprises an access point (AP) and a plurality of stations. The plurality of stations and the AP sends packets to communicate with each other. The user station comprises a host module, a low power module, a RF/BB module, and a clock generator. The host module controls operation of the station. The low power module transmits and receives packets with low power consumption. The RF/BB module processes various analog and digital signals from the packets. The clock generator provides a normal operational clock to the station.
- The invention further provides a low power module applied in a station. The low power module comprises a first MAC module, a second MAC module, a low power switch register, a control register unit, a slow clock generator, and a multiplexer (MUX) The first MAC module operates in normal operational mode and sleeps in power save mode. The second MAC module controls normal operational mode and power save mode switch and maintains basic connection. The low power switch register switches control sources between first MAC and second MAC. The control register unit controls the RF/BB module and the clock generator under the control of the low power switch register. The slow clock generator generates a slow operational clock for the second MAC module in the power save mode. The MUX chooses the normal operational or the slow operational clock periodically as the clock of the second MAC module according to the control register unit. The second MAC module sends a wake up event to the first MAC module to wake up the first MAC module and switches to the normal operational mode if the second MAC module received a specific packet or a specific beacon in the power save mode or under a waiting timeout condition.
- A further object of the invention is to provide a method of controlling a user station applied in a wireless communication system. The method comprises: entering a power save mode; switching periodically between the listen phase and the deep sleep phase wherein the low power unit waits for a wanted beacon or a wanted packet in the listen phase and is idle in the deep sleep phase; synchronizing the low power unit with the AP automatically for optimized power saving when receiving a beacon, and returning to a normal operational mode.
- The following detailed description, given by way of example and not intended to limit the invention solely to the embodiments described herein, will best be understood in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which:
-
FIG. 1 shows a block diagram of a wireless communication system comprising an access point and a station according to one embodiment of the present invention; -
FIG. 2 shows a waveform diagram of a plurality of packets, which is sent from the AP to the station, and a plurality of packets, which is sent from the station to the AP; -
FIG. 3 shows a block diagram of the low power module inFIG. 1 ; -
FIG. 4 shows a timing diagram of the host module, a normal clock, a slow clock, and a low power unit operating between operational mode and power save mode; -
FIG. 5 is a flowchart illustrating a low power method utilized in a wireless communication system according to another embodiment of the invention. - A detailed description of the present invention is provided in the following. Please refer to
FIG. 1 andFIG. 2 at the same time.FIG. 1 shows a block diagram of awireless communication system 100 comprising an access point (AP) 110 and astation 120 according to one embodiment of the present invention.FIG. 2 shows a waveform diagram of a plurality of packets PAP, which are sent from the AP 110 to thestation 120, and a plurality of packets PSTATION, which are sent from thestation 120 to the AP 110. The AP 110 and thestation 120 send packets to each other through a medium (e.g. air). There are various kinds of packets, such as unicast packets, broadcast packets, beacon, and PS-Poll. These packets will be described in greater detail later. Because the operation and functionality of the AP 110 is known to those skilled in the art, further discussion is omitted for the sake of brevity. The operation of thestation 120 is further detailed in the following. - The
station 120 comprises a host module (e.g. host CPU) 122, a low power module (e.g. low power chip) 124, a radio frequency/base band (RF/BB) module (e.g. RF/BB chip) 126, and a clock generator (e.g. PLL, OSC, regulator) 128. There are two modes in the station 120: normal operation mode and power save mode. In the normal operation mode, the operation of thestation 120 is similar to that of a conventional station; all the elements in thestation 120 wake and consume excessive power. In this mode, thehost module 122 controls thestation 120 to communicate with the AP 110. In another power savemode, all elements in thestation 120 sleep to reduce power consumption except for thelow power module 124. In this mode, thelow power module 124 controls thestation 120 to maintain basic connection with the AP 110. The RF/BB module 126 processes various analog and digital signals from the packets and theclock generator 128 provides a normal clock CLKnormal to thestation 120. Because the operation and functionality of the RF/BB module 126 and theclock generator 128 is known to those skilled in the art, further discussion is omitted for the sake of brevity. A detailed description of functionality and operation of thelow power module 124 is provided in the following. - Please refer to
FIG. 3 .FIG. 3 shows a block diagram of thelow power module 124 inFIG. 1 . Thelow power module 124 comprises two medium access control (MAC)modules power switch register 306, acontrol registers unit 308, aslow clock generator 310, and a multiplexer (MUX) 312. A detailed description of theMAC module 302 is first provided in the following. - The
MAC module 302 under the control of the host module 122 (inFIG. 1 ) communicates with the AP 110 (inFIG. 1 ) according to a predetermined wireless communication specification (e.g. IEEE 802.11) in the normal operation mode. In the power save mode, theMAC module 302 sleeps and some of its functionality is replaced by the MAC module 304 (described later). There are various architectures forMAC module 302. For example, if theMAC module 302 has no CPU, thehost module 122 will control the RF/BB module 130 directly. Otherwise, if theMAC module 302 is a SOC chip (embedded CPU), theMAC module 302 will control the RF/BB module 130 directly. A detailed description of theMAC module 304 is provided in the following. - The
MAC module 304 comprises alow power unit 410 and a timing synchronization function (TSF)timer 420. Thelow power unit 410 communicates with the AP 110 (inFIG. 1 ) according to a predetermined wireless communication specification in the power save mode. The TSF timer 420 (e.g. 64-bit timer) calculates a periodical wakeup time TTSF to make thelow power unit 410 sleeps and wakes up periodically. In the power save mode, all elements in thestation 120 sleep to save power except for theMAC module 304. Thelow power unit 410 sleeps (deep sleep phase in the power save mode) and wakes up (listen phase in the power save mode) periodically to listen to specific packets (e.g. beacon or wanted packets) from theAP 110 according to the wakeup time TTSP of theTSF timer 420. In the deep sleep phase of power save mode, thelow power unit 410 only sleeps. In the listen phase of power save mode, theMAC module 304 wakes to listen to specific packets. It also maintains basic connection withAP 110 by sending a NULL packet while losing beacon packet several times. If the wanted packet is received or a programmed timeout occurs, thelow power unit 410 sends an event EVENTwake to wake up all sleeping elements in thestation 120 to leave the power save mode and enter the normal operation mode. Otherwise, other elements in thestation 120 stay asleep and theMAC module 304 periodically wakes up. A detailed description ofelements - The low
power switch register 306 is utilized to switch a current mode to another mode. For example, if thestation 120 is in the normal operation mode, the lowpower switch register 306 can change thestation 120 from the normal operation mode to the power save mode. Otherwise, if thestation 120 is in the power save mode, the lowpower switch register 306 can change thestation 120 from the power save mode to the normal operation mode. Thecontrol registers unit 308, which is controlled by the lowpower switch register 306, is utilized to control various operations of elements (e.g. RF/BB module, PLL, oscillator, regulator) in thestation 120. In the normal operation mode, thecontrol registers unit 308 controls various elements (e.g. RF/BB module) to wake and operate normally. In the power save mode, thecontrol registers unit 308 controls various elements (e.g. RF/BB module) to sleep to reduce power consumption and controls theMUX 312 to periodically select one clock as an operational clock CLK from two different clocks. A detailed description ofelements - The
slow clock generator 310 provides a slower clock CLKslow (compared with the normal clock CLKnormal from the clock generator 128) to theMAC module 304 to operate. TheMUX 312 selects the normal clock CLKnormal as the operational clock CLK of theMAC module 304 in the listen phase and selects another slower clock CLKslow as the operational clock CLK of theMAC module 304 in the deep sleep phase. - Please refer to
FIG. 4 .FIG. 4 shows a timing diagram of a host driver DRVHOST from thehost module 122, a normal clock CLKnormal, a slow clock CLKslow, and a low power unit activity ACTlow— power— unit with a plurality ofpackets 402˜408 received from theAP 110. During time the interval (T0˜Tsleep), thestation 120 is in the normal operation mode, all elements in the station wake and operate normally. During the interval (Tsleep˜Twake), thestation 120 changes from the normal operation mode to the sleep mode. All elements in thestation 120 keeps sleeping until time Twake, except theMAC module 304, theMUX 312, thecontrol registers unit 308 and the RF/BB module 126 in the durations (T1˜T1+ΔT), (T2˜T2+ΔT), (T3˜Twake). In time Twake, thestation 120 changes from the sleep mode to the operation mode again. All elements in thestation 120 will wake again and continue to operate at time Twake. The activity of the communication driver DRVHOST in thehost module 122 also stops during the interval (Tsleep˜Twake). In the interval (Tsleep˜Twake), thelow power unit 410 changes phases (deep sleep phase and listen phase) periodically. In the durations (T1˜T1+ΔT), (T2˜T2+ΔT), (T3˜Twake), thelow power unit 410 is in the listen phase to listen to specific packets, the clock CLKnormal is active to provide the operational clock for thelow power unit 410, and the clock CLKslow is sleeping. In the durations (Tsleep˜T1), (T1+ΔT˜T2), (T2+ΔT˜T3), thelow power unit 410 is in the deep sleep phase and does nothing but sleeps, the clock CLKnormal is sleeping, and the clock CLKslow is active to provide the operational clock for thelow power unit 410. During the interval (Tsleep˜Twake), thelow power unit 410 receives a plurality of specific packets (e.g. beacon) from theAD 110 in the listen phase and does nothing in the deep sleep phase periodically. The period time TTSF of phase transition is counted by theTSF timer 420. When receiving thebeacon packets low power unit 410 finds no indication in these beacon packets and continues to sleep again to wait next time wakeup. If finding indication of buffered unicast in the beacon packet or buffered broadcast indication with wanted packet following (e.g., ARP) from theAP 110, thelow power unit 410 will leave the sleep mode and wake up thewhole station 120. If missing beacon packets several times, thelow power unit 410 will switchMAC module 304 to send NULL packet and wait for acknowledgement which maintains basic connection. - Please refer to
FIG. 5 , which is a flowchart illustrating a low power method utilized in a wireless communication system according to another embodiment of the invention. A detailed description is given in the following. -
- Step 502: Station informs an AP that it will change to power save mode.
- Step 504: The driver sets instructions (wake-up and operating sequences) to a low power unit which is an instruction based architecture and can be programmed with a different power save level. The instructions include information of waited packet type for waking up a host module, timer for beacon, PLL turning on/off timing, RF/BB control sequences.
- Step 506: The driver switches whole station control (except the low power switch register that is fully controlled by the driver) to low power unit by setting the low power switch register. The driver can also get back control by resetting the low power switch register at any time.
- Step 508: After getting the station control and entering a power save mode, the low power unit periodically switches between the listen phase and the deep sleep phase. During the power save mode, the low power unit operates independently to wait for wanted beacon or wanted packet (e.g. ARP packet). The pattern of wanted packet can be programmed by the driver.
- Step 510: The host module stays asleep until wake up by the low power unit.
- Step 512: If receiving beacon in BSS, the low power unit will synchronize the TSF timer with the AP automatically for best power saving.
- Step 514: If a wanted beacon or wanted packet is received, or under a time-out, the low power unit keeps this packet and asserts a wake up event to wake up the host module.
- Step 516: The host module clears (resets) the low power switch register to get back the control of the station after triggered by the wake up event.
- Compared with the related art, the low power module applied in a station according to the invention can save more power. When the station sleeps, the low power module wakes up periodically to listen to wanted packets or beacon. If receiving the wanted packets, the low power module generates an event to wake up the station (host module) again.
- While the invention has been described by way of example and in terms of the preferred embodiment, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited thereto. To the contrary, it is intended to cover various modifications and similar arrangements (as would be apparent to those skilled in the art). Therefore, the scope of the appended claims should be accorded the broadest interpretation so as to encompass all such modifications and similar arrangements.
Claims (25)
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TW095132347A TWI347112B (en) | 2005-09-30 | 2006-09-01 | Low power module for user station |
CN2006101599167A CN1960365B (en) | 2005-09-30 | 2006-09-27 | Low power module and user workstation |
US12/820,403 US8724531B2 (en) | 2005-09-30 | 2010-06-22 | Low power module for a station of a wireless communication system and related method |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN1960365A (en) | 2007-05-09 |
CN1960365B (en) | 2011-01-19 |
TWI347112B (en) | 2011-08-11 |
US8724531B2 (en) | 2014-05-13 |
US20100304780A1 (en) | 2010-12-02 |
TW200713962A (en) | 2007-04-01 |
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