US3665448A - Electronic shoplifting prevention system - Google Patents
Electronic shoplifting prevention system Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US3665448A US3665448A US60593A US3665448DA US3665448A US 3665448 A US3665448 A US 3665448A US 60593 A US60593 A US 60593A US 3665448D A US3665448D A US 3665448DA US 3665448 A US3665448 A US 3665448A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- removal
- transmission unit
- article
- signal
- area
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
- G08B13/00—Burglar, theft or intruder alarms
- G08B13/22—Electrical actuation
- G08B13/24—Electrical actuation by interference with electromagnetic field distribution
- G08B13/2402—Electronic Article Surveillance [EAS], i.e. systems using tags for detecting removal of a tagged item from a secure area, e.g. tags for detecting shoplifting
- G08B13/2465—Aspects related to the EAS system, e.g. system components other than tags
- G08B13/248—EAS system combined with another detection technology, e.g. dual EAS and video or other presence detection system
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
- G08B13/00—Burglar, theft or intruder alarms
- G08B13/22—Electrical actuation
- G08B13/24—Electrical actuation by interference with electromagnetic field distribution
- G08B13/2402—Electronic Article Surveillance [EAS], i.e. systems using tags for detecting removal of a tagged item from a secure area, e.g. tags for detecting shoplifting
- G08B13/2405—Electronic Article Surveillance [EAS], i.e. systems using tags for detecting removal of a tagged item from a secure area, e.g. tags for detecting shoplifting characterised by the tag technology used
- G08B13/2414—Electronic Article Surveillance [EAS], i.e. systems using tags for detecting removal of a tagged item from a secure area, e.g. tags for detecting shoplifting characterised by the tag technology used using inductive tags
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
- G08B13/00—Burglar, theft or intruder alarms
- G08B13/22—Electrical actuation
- G08B13/24—Electrical actuation by interference with electromagnetic field distribution
- G08B13/2402—Electronic Article Surveillance [EAS], i.e. systems using tags for detecting removal of a tagged item from a secure area, e.g. tags for detecting shoplifting
- G08B13/2428—Tag details
- G08B13/2431—Tag circuit details
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
- G08B13/00—Burglar, theft or intruder alarms
- G08B13/22—Electrical actuation
- G08B13/24—Electrical actuation by interference with electromagnetic field distribution
- G08B13/2402—Electronic Article Surveillance [EAS], i.e. systems using tags for detecting removal of a tagged item from a secure area, e.g. tags for detecting shoplifting
- G08B13/2428—Tag details
- G08B13/2434—Tag housing and attachment details
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
- G08B13/00—Burglar, theft or intruder alarms
- G08B13/22—Electrical actuation
- G08B13/24—Electrical actuation by interference with electromagnetic field distribution
- G08B13/2402—Electronic Article Surveillance [EAS], i.e. systems using tags for detecting removal of a tagged item from a secure area, e.g. tags for detecting shoplifting
- G08B13/2428—Tag details
- G08B13/2448—Tag with at least dual detection means, e.g. combined inductive and ferromagnetic tags, dual frequencies within a single technology, tampering detection or signalling means on the tag
Definitions
- ABSTRACT A system for preventing shoplifting of articles through a first exit area having an article removal detector positioned therein.
- a small capsule bearing the designation DON'T REMOVE ELECTRONIC ALARM is attached to an article to be protected, such as a dress, by means of a safety pin.
- the capsule includes a wristwatch battery which powers a singlestage, solid state oscillator which generates an RF signal having a frequency F when the safety pin is closed.
- a shoplifter who passes through the exit area with the dress having the capsule fastened thereto will actuate an article removal detector which will in turn actuate a pair of flash cameras which are positioned to effectively photograph the entire exit area, If the shoplifter unfastens the safety pin in the process of discarding the radiating capsule within the store in an attempt to thwart the system, a capsule removal detector will immediately actuate a flash camera or annunciator to indicate unauthorized removal of the capsule.
- the cashier removes the capsule and very briefly causes an inhibit signal to be transmitted to the capsule removal detector to prevent activation of the capsule removal alarm devices during authorized removal of the capsule.
- Another detector may be utilized at the cashier's counter to detect secreted items bearin; the capsule.
- This invention relates to the field of theft alarms and more particularly to systems which inhibit the unauthorized carrying away of articles from a given article storage area, such as the interior of a store, museum or industrial warehouse.
- a transmitter is positioned in the exit area together with a receiver which senses the presence of an RF signal having a different frequency than the frequency of the signal produced by the transmitter.
- An electronic circuit is attached to the article to be protected, and, in the case of a shoplifter, is carried by him through the exit area.
- This circuit includes a tuned detector which activates an RF transmitter coupled thereto, so that the exit area transmitter having a first frequency causes the energization of the transmitter attached to the article which in turn produces an RF signal having a second frequency which in turn is detected by the receiver at the exit area to sound the alarm.
- the circuit attached to the article includes both a receiver and a transmitter which increases the cost of the units attached to each article. This factor is significant since the store owner often has to purchase thousands of these units to protect his merchandise.
- the shoplifter can merely thwart the system by removing the electronic receiver-broadcaster unit attached to the article being protected before stealing the article.
- capsules which may be attached to the articles being protected, which capsules include a minimum of components so that mass production of such capsules may be carried out economically. It is also important to provide capsules which may be transported about within the store while being attached to the articles and which cooperate with an exit detector having a carefully controlled threshold sensitivity so that radiating capsules transported within the store will not inadvertently trigger the exit alarm.
- the capsules be designed to be quickly and easily removable from the articles to be protected by the cashier and in the event that they are removed by a shoplifter, a capsule removal alarm indication is immediately produced upon such removal, to trigger a Land" flash camera and/or actuate a tape recorder which could broadcast a message such as Security Problem in Dress Department.
- a capsule removal alarm indication is immediately produced upon such removal, to trigger a Land" flash camera and/or actuate a tape recorder which could broadcast a message such as Security Problem in Dress Department.
- capsules which can be rapidly and conspicuously affixed to dresses, for example, by means of a safety pin and which bear a designation such as DON'I REMOVE ELEC- TRONIC ALARM.
- Such an arrangement is necessary to cause an honest customer not to remove the capsule and also serves as a powerful deterent to keep shoplift
- an article removal detector triggers an alarm indication within the exit area if a capsule, having an RF oscillator, which continuously produces a first RF signal, is positioned within the exit area but which will not trigger the alarm if such a capsule is positioned anywhere within the article storage area.
- This alarm indication actuates a pair of "Land flash cameras which photograph the exit area.
- the radiating capsule is affixed to an article to be protected and is designed to immediately produce a second RF signal upon being removed from the article by an unauthorized individual, which second RF signal immediately triggers an unauthorized capsule removal alarm.
- the cashier momentarily generates an inhibit signal before removing the radiating capsule from the article to be protected, which inhibit signal briefly blocks the production of the capsule removal alarm indication which would otherwise be produced by an unauthorized removal of the capsule.
- FIG. 1 illustrates an overall schematic of the system
- FIG. 2 schematically illustrates one of the capsules which is attached to an article to be protected
- FIGS. 2a and 2b illustrate alternative detailed structure for FIG. 2.
- FIG. 1 a store area 1 is illustrated, and is defined by wall members 2, 3, 4, 6, and 7.
- the store area contains article storage subareas, one of which is illustrated by dress rack 8, having a dress 9 hanging thereon.
- a radiating transmission unit or capsule 11 is affixed to the dress preferably by means of safety pin 12. Details of the capsule are illustrated in FIG. 2.
- the capsule would typically have a unitary, plastic housing portion 13 with a flexible wall portion 14.
- the housing would contain a solid state oscillator 16 which preferably would be of the simplest type and would have a single stage and typically would radiate within the citizens Band, (e.g., 5.1 5.9 Me.
- a frequency determination circuit 17 which comprises inductor 18 and capacitors 19 and 21.
- a tiny battery 22, such as those utilized in Wristwatches, would be connected to oscillator 16 through a one-way" switch 23.
- Plastic housing 13 has a safety pin 24 embedded therein so that the capsule may be readily attached and removed from the article to be protected. Upon receipt of the dress at the store, a clerk would attach the capsule to the dress and would thereafter squeeze the capsule to deflect flexible wall portion 14 which would in turn close one-way" switch 23 which could not thereafter be opened without destroying the capsule.
- an inexpensive switch would comprise a stiff metallic strip 26 and a flexible metallic strip 27 having an end portion which slightly overlays the terminal portion of the stiff strip 26.
- a small block 28 would be affixed to the flexible strip 27 so that when the capsule is squeezed, the flexible wall portion 14 deflects flexible strip 27 against the stiff strip 26 and passes under the stiff strip and is thereafter spring biased against the lower terminal portion of strip 26.
- a segment of the lower right hand portion of the safety pin is cut out at 29 and capacitor 21 is soldered to the right hand portion of the safety pin, while the lower left hand portion of the safety pin at 31 is electrically coupled to a second capacitor 19 so that when the pin is closed, the frequency determining circuit 17 comprises inductor l8 and capacitors l9 and 21, and thus, the oscillator oscillates at a first frequency F,. Details of the oscillator have not been included since numerous types of solid state circuits could be utilized which employ transistors, tunnel diodes, etc.
- a wire or highly tensile strength string 25b is attached to tab 25a and passes through a bore hole 25c. This variant of the previously discussed one-way switch is closed by pulling string 25c away from the wall of the capsule, which in turn removes insulating tab 25a from the interface of the battery terminals, thereby to complete the power supply circuit.
- FIG. 2b illustrates a variant in the arrangement of FIG. 2 which would thwart the possible effect of the shunting of the safety pin by a clever shoplifter.
- the upper wire portion of the safety pin would be slanted as shown in FIG. 2b and would pass through a narrow elongated slot formed in the housing of the capsule.
- Capacitor 21' which corresponds to capacitor 21 of FIG. 2 would be disconnected from the tank circuit when the pin is closed, because contact member is positioned away from the heel or right hand portion of the upper wire safety pin member as illustrated.
- the lower left hand portion of the safety pin is not coupled to the oscillator tank circuit.
- the aforementioned heel portion of the safety pin presses against flexible contact member 30 so that capacitor 21' is now coupled in parallel with capacitor 19 of the tank circuit.
- frequency F is lower than frequency F, rather than the reverse as explained in connection with the operation of FIG. 2.
- An article removal detector 31 having a directional antenna 32 is positioned within exit area 33.
- the article removal detector typically comprises a resonant circuit tuned to frequency F, which is generated by the capsule when the safety pin is closed.
- the tank circuit is coupled to an electronic control device such as a transistor through a detecting diode and an integrating capacitor.
- the output circuit of the electronic contro] device is in turn coupled to a threshold device which may be readily controlled to close an alarm actuation circuit only upon the production of a predetermined voltage drop across a resistor coupled to the control device or the production of a given current passed through a relay. Details of the article removal detector have not been disclosed since numerous types are available in the prior art. For example, US. Pat. No.
- This circuit is designated as a field strength meter and as in the case of the Duryee patent, includes a resonant circuit coupled to an electronic switching device through a detector diode and a capacitor which is in shunt with the control circuit of the electronic switching device.
- an RF signal having the requisite frequency causes the input tank circuit to resonate.
- Each half cycle causes the detector diode to conduct which causes the capacitor coupled thereto to commence to charge.
- the capacitor is in parallel with a discharge path so that if very weak RF signals are detected, the voltage across the capacitor will never charge up to the point where the threshold device, such as thyratron T, in the Duryee patent, is triggered.
- This holding period may be controlled by varying the value of R
- the field strength meter disclosed in the Radio Amateurs Handbook could be utilized by employing a potentiometer in series with a threshold relay in the collector circuit of the transistor.
- the collector current will be a function of the strength of the RF signal being received and the relay will be actuated only after a predetermined amplitude of current passes through the collector.
- the threshold or actuation level of the relay may be varied by merely increasing or decreasing the current flowing through the relay for any given level of collector current such being typically performed by adjusting a potentiometer coupled to the relay.
- the system is first calibrated by carrying the radiating capsule within exit area 33.
- the threshold level of article removal detector 31 is first adjusted so that an alarm indication is produced.
- the capsule is thereafter carried back through doors 33 and is positioned within the store area at position 34. If the alarm indication is still produced, the article removal detector is too sensitive and the potentiometer is adjusted until the threshold level is increased to the point where the alarm indication is no longer produced.
- this potentiometer control should be positioned so that access is not readily available thereto except by means of a key, for example.
- the directional antenna aids in preventing actuation of the exit alarm by a capsule positioned just inside the store area at point 34.
- Article removal detector 31 will receive via its directional antenna an RF signal F to which its tank circuit is tuned, which has a sufficient strength to actuate the aforementioned threshold device. This action will in turn immediately actuate a pair of Land flash cameras 36 and 36' which take pictures of the exit area from diverse positions so that it is highly probable that at least one good photo of the shoplifters face is recorded since she is heading out of the doors. Also, if a guard is present at guard station 37, the shoplifter would be immediately detained.
- a tape recorder 41 could also be actuated to cause loudspeaker 42 to make an announcement, such as Security Problem within exit area A".
- an announcement could thwart the theft.
- the message could be broadcast at a remote intercept point.
- exit area is intended to include, for example, an area surrounding a showcase in a museum, which is not the exit from a room.
- the aforesaid exit area could be the exit of a room in a museum or factory rather than the museum exit itself.
- the threshold control is an important feature of our system since obviously articles being carried about within store area 1 bearing radiating capsules must not trigger article removal detector 31. On the other hand, an object carried a few feet from a rifled showcase in a museum should soundan alarm. Ease of control of the threshold level results in easy adaptation of the system for different applications.
- a capsule removal detector 43 preferably having an omnidirectional antenna 44 coupled thereto, is tuned to frequency F
- the capsule removal detectors may be similar in design to the article removal detectors positioned in the exit area previ ously discussed.
- the threshold device coupled to capsule removal detector 43 triggers Land" flash camera 46, which takes a picture of the area in which the shoplifter is operating, and a tape recorder 47 again causes a message such as Security Problem in Dress Department" to be broadcast over loudspeaker 48.
- Land flash camera 46
- a tape recorder 47 again causes a message such as Security Problem in Dress Department" to be broadcast over loudspeaker 48.
- an unauthorized capsule removal alarm indication is produced immediately upon the removal of the capsule and preferably right in the area in which the shoplifter is operating. 1n the case of a large store, economical considerations might preclude having the arrangement shown at numerous article storage stations.
- a more centralized capsule removal detector could be utilized at a remote station to trigger an alarm which could alert a floorwalker via a portable paging device.
- the Dress Department capsules could transmit an alarm signal of one frequency to the remote console and the Mens Clothing Department could transmit another frequency to the remote console so that a floorwalker is quickly advised as to the location of the unauthorized removal.
- the capsules could be color coded to indicate the goods to which they are to be attached. Color coding may also be used to indicate battery expiration dates.
- a flash camera immediately takes a picture of the shoplifter.
- the resulting flash alerts store personnel along with an annunciator which includes the aforementioned tape recorder 47 together with loudspeaker 48.
- the resulting photograph which is developed on the spot would often illustrate the shoplifter handling the goods suspiciously, and thus might be valuable as means to secure an onthe-spot confession.
- all of the cameras mentioned hereinbefore are Land cameras so that a photograph can be developed rapidly for on-the-spot use in the store. In the case of a museum application, the photograph is itself powerful evidence of theft. Likewise, if an employee is stealing a TV set from a warehouse.
- One method of performing this inhibiting step would be to provide a capsule storage bin 53 having a pivotable lid 54 overlaying an entrance slot 56. A cashier would be trained to raise pivotable lid 54 just before removing the radiating capsule from the dress. Upon raising lid 54 a limit switch 57 mechanically coupled to lid 54 would activate an RF signal of frequency F 3 immediately upon actuation of the switch. An inhibit signal detector 58 having a band pass filter or input circuit resonant to F would open a switch somewhere within capsule removal detector 43 to prevent actuation of the aforesaid capsule removal alarm indication by detector 43.
- the inhibit signal detector could comprise a tank circuit, a diode detector, an integrating capacitor, and a control device such as a transistor which in turn would be coupled to a relay which breaks the circuit between the input circuit of capsule removal detector 43 and alarm devices 46 and 48.
- a control device such as a transistor which in turn would be coupled to a relay which breaks the circuit between the input circuit of capsule removal detector 43 and alarm devices 46 and 48.
- the RF signal F is no longer generated and the inhibit condition is removed to thereby again enable the capsule removal alarm device.
- the system might utilize an RF shielded capsule bin to prevent a deposited capsule radiating at frequency F from triggering the capsule removal detector 43.
- article removal detector 61 may be considered which is similar to the aforementioned article removal detector 31 positioned in the exit area.
- the threshold control discussed hereinbefore would be set so that an alarm indication is produced by article removal detector 61 only if a radiating capsule is situated in the immediate vicinity of the cashiers counter.
- Detector 61 would typically utilize warning lamp 63 rather than the aforementioned annunciators or flash cameras. It is commonplace for a shoplifter to pay for one article and secrete another article on her person.
- warning lamp 63 could be utilized by having the cashier phone a guard at guard station 37 or otherwise alert a floorwalker who could intercept the shoplifter in the exit area, even in the absence of a guard at guard station 37. If the optional article removal detector 61 is utilized at the cashiers counter, it would be necessary to shield the discarded capsules radiating at frequency F from article removal detector 61.
- an RF shield need not be employed.
- Another inexpensive arrangement which may be utilized to segregate the discarded capsules would be to provide a large wire loop or key ring instead of the aforementioned capsule storage bin.
- the key ring would be typically situated under the cashiers counter and would normally be supported by a detent mechanism which would normally position the key ring away from or under the cashier's counter. Before removal of the capsule the cashier would be trained to pull the key ring" toward her which would snap the ring into a second detent position and which would render it accessible to the cashier. This action would trigger the aforementioned limit switch 55 which would generate the inhibit condition as before.
- the capsule is removed by the cashier from the protected article, and the pin is positioned to encompass the wire loop of the key ring", and the safety pin is thereafter closed about the wire loop.
- This action ensures that the capsule will thereafter radiate at frequency F just as in the case where the capsule is attached to a dress on the dress rack and no alarm indications are thereafter triggered by the capsules hanging from the key ring.
- This arrangement is very economical and inherently ensures that the capsules do not thereafter radiate at frequency F after removal of the inhibit condition.
- no RF shielding is required.
- the key ring is thereafter pushed into the counter so that the inhibit condition is removed since the limit switch coupled to the key ring detent mechanism is again opened to remove the inhibit condition.
- the present invention discloses a system which is highly economical and well within the state of the art and which, for the first time, should result in sharp reduction in thefts of articles to be protected.
- This system may be utilized to protect articles other than those being sold in stores although shoplifting losses in the United States alone have been estimated to exceed 2 billion dollars a year.
- Expensive inventory stored in industrial environments could also be protected since the carrying away of an item of inventory would trigger a pair of flash cameras at the exit area which would produce photographs of the thief.
- the system could be utilized in museums for protecting paintings, etc., and such systems could greatly reduce payroll expenditures of museum guards, industrial guards, or floorwalkers.
- the term alarm encompasses virtually any indication which is useful in stopping a theft.
- the term exit area includes any forbidden zone in which the radiating capsule should not pass through.
- the RF signal generated by the capsule over a prolonged time period may not necessarily be continuous but could be intermittent, e.g., one burst of radiated power every 3 seconds.
- a method of preventing the unauthorized removal through a first area of articles contained within a second area comprising the steps of:
- an article removal detector having an alarm indicator coupled thereto for producing an alarm indication in response to the generation of RF signals within said first area; attaching RF transmission units to at least some of said articles to be protected, which transmission units generate article removal RF signals within said second area containing said articles which are incapable of triggering said alarm indicator unless said transmission units are positioned within said first area associated with said detector to provide for containment of said articles within said second area without triggering said alarm indication;
- step of producing said alarm indication indicative of unauthorized removal of a transmission unit from a protected article includes taking a picture of the area containing the protected article.
- step of producing said alarm indication indicative of unauthorized removal of a transmission unit from a protected article includes actuating an annunciator which broadcasts the unauthorized removal.
- step of producing said transmission unit removal signal comprises altering a characteristic of said article removal RF signal.
- said transmission unit removal signal has a particular characteristic indicative of the particular type of articles from which said transmission units were removed to facilitate the location of an unauthorized removal of a transmission unit from a protected article.
- Said inhibiting step is performed by generating a radiating inhibit signal having an inhibit characteristic which blocks the generation of said alarm indication indicating unauthorized transmission unit removal which would otherwise be produced in the absence of the generation of said radiating inhibit signal.
- the method of claim 1 further including the step of detecting radiant energy produced by a secreted transmission unit located only in the vicinity of a checkout station.
- a method of preventing unauthorized removal through a first area of articles retained with a second article containing area comprising the steps of:
- An RF transmission unit for preventing the unauthorized removal of an article from a given area and which may be readily attached and removed from such an article to be protected comprising:
- an RF oscillator for generating an RF signal over a prolonged time period during which said RF transmission unit is attached to said protected article
- a housing for supporting said oscillator and said power source; a fastening device coupled to said housing for fastening said transmission unit to said article to be protected;
- control means for altering a characteristic of said RF signal radiated by said oscillator upon the actuation of said fastening device.
- said housing includes a flexible wall portion adjacent said switch to provide for the closure of said switch by applying pressure to said flexible wall portion.
- an actuating member connected to said insulating member for enabling removal of said insulating member from said power source upon the actuation of said actuating member.
- said oscillator includes a frequency shifting component together with means coupled to said fastener for connecting said frequency shifting component to said oscillator when said fastening device assumes a first state and for decoupling said frequency shifting component from said oscillator when said fastener assumes a second state so that said oscillator shifts in frequency upon the unauthorized removal of said transmission unit from said article to be protected.
- a method of preventing unauthorized removal through a first exit area of articles contained within a second area comprising the steps of:
- the method as set forth in claim 22 further including the step of inhibiting the production of said transmission unit removal alarm indication upon the authorized removal of a transmission unit from a protected article.
- step of inhibiting the production of said transmission unit removal alarm indication includes the transmission of an inhibit signal which inhibits the production of said removal alarm indication.
- the method of claim 22 further including the additional step of detecting radiant energy produced by a secreted transmission unit located only in the vicinity of a checkout station;
- the method of claim 22 further including the step of photographing said first area in response to the production of said article removal alarm indication.
Abstract
Description
Claims (30)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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US6059370A | 1970-08-03 | 1970-08-03 |
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US3665448A true US3665448A (en) | 1972-05-23 |
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US60593A Expired - Lifetime US3665448A (en) | 1970-08-03 | 1970-08-03 | Electronic shoplifting prevention system |
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Cited By (45)
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US3713133A (en) * | 1971-02-16 | 1973-01-23 | R Nathans | Rf and sonic systems for preventing shoplifting of goods and unauthorized removal of capsules affixed thereto for protecting goods |
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US3859652A (en) * | 1972-06-26 | 1975-01-07 | North American Systems Corp | Method and apparatus for detecting the theft of articles |
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US20040150520A1 (en) * | 2003-02-04 | 2004-08-05 | Barrie Robert P | Mobile object monitoring system |
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US6958695B1 (en) * | 1999-03-01 | 2005-10-25 | Sensormatic Electronics Corporation | Article monitoring apparatus and system |
US7002467B2 (en) | 2002-05-02 | 2006-02-21 | Protex International Corporation | Alarm interface system |
US7030750B2 (en) | 2002-07-16 | 2006-04-18 | Bert Taeho Lee | Detachable entrance and exit gate with a combined commodity burglarproofing and small arms detecting system |
US20060103528A1 (en) * | 2004-11-02 | 2006-05-18 | Se-Kure Controls, Inc. | Networked security system and method for monitoring portable consumer articles |
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US7002467B2 (en) | 2002-05-02 | 2006-02-21 | Protex International Corporation | Alarm interface system |
US7030750B2 (en) | 2002-07-16 | 2006-04-18 | Bert Taeho Lee | Detachable entrance and exit gate with a combined commodity burglarproofing and small arms detecting system |
US6900727B2 (en) | 2002-07-16 | 2005-05-31 | Bert Taeho Lee | Weapon detector system |
US6686846B1 (en) * | 2002-09-11 | 2004-02-03 | Bert Taeho Lee | Detachable entrance and exit gate with a combined commodity burglarproof and weapon detecting system |
US7019644B2 (en) * | 2003-02-04 | 2006-03-28 | Barrie Robert P | Mobile object monitoring system |
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US7817034B2 (en) * | 2005-01-26 | 2010-10-19 | Munroe Chirnomas | Inventory monitor for an article dispenser |
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US7804412B2 (en) | 2005-08-10 | 2010-09-28 | Securealert, Inc. | Remote tracking and communication device |
US7737841B2 (en) | 2006-07-14 | 2010-06-15 | Remotemdx | Alarm and alarm management system for remote tracking devices |
US8013736B2 (en) | 2006-07-14 | 2011-09-06 | Securealert, Inc. | Alarm and alarm management system for remote tracking devices |
US7936262B2 (en) | 2006-07-14 | 2011-05-03 | Securealert, Inc. | Remote tracking system with a dedicated monitoring center |
US8797210B2 (en) | 2006-07-14 | 2014-08-05 | Securealert, Inc. | Remote tracking device and a system and method for two-way voice communication between the device and a monitoring center |
US8232876B2 (en) | 2008-03-07 | 2012-07-31 | Securealert, Inc. | System and method for monitoring individuals using a beacon and intelligent remote tracking device |
US9123223B1 (en) | 2008-10-13 | 2015-09-01 | Target Brands, Inc. | Video monitoring system using an alarm sensor for an exit facilitating access to captured video |
US9866799B1 (en) | 2008-10-13 | 2018-01-09 | Target Brands, Inc. | Video monitoring system for an exit |
US8514070B2 (en) | 2010-04-07 | 2013-08-20 | Securealert, Inc. | Tracking device incorporating enhanced security mounting strap |
US9129504B2 (en) | 2010-04-07 | 2015-09-08 | Securealert, Inc. | Tracking device incorporating cuff with cut resistant materials |
US20200387875A1 (en) * | 2019-06-04 | 2020-12-10 | Toshiba Tec Kabushiki Kaisha | Store management system, electronic receipt system, and store management method |
US11605057B2 (en) * | 2019-06-04 | 2023-03-14 | Toshiba Tec Kabushiki Kaisha | Store management system, electronic receipt system, and store management method |
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Owner name: ADT, INC.,NEW YORK Free format text: CHANGE OF NAME;ASSIGNOR:AMERICAN DISTRICT TELEGRAPH COMPANY;REEL/FRAME:004822/0779 Effective date: 19860513 Owner name: ADT, INC. Free format text: CHANGE OF NAME;ASSIGNOR:AMERICAN DISTRICT TELEGRAPH COMPANY;REEL/FRAME:004822/0779 Effective date: 19860513 |
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Owner name: ADT SECURITY SYSTEMS, INC.,NEW YORK Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:ADT, INC.;REEL/FRAME:004940/0758 Effective date: 19880229 Owner name: ADT SECURITY SYSTEMS, INC. Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST. FILED 3-9-88;ASSIGNOR:ADT, INC.;REEL/FRAME:004940/0758 Effective date: 19880229 |