WO1997005728A2 - Credit-registering method for use in telephony - Google Patents

Credit-registering method for use in telephony Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO1997005728A2
WO1997005728A2 PCT/DE1996/001431 DE9601431W WO9705728A2 WO 1997005728 A2 WO1997005728 A2 WO 1997005728A2 DE 9601431 W DE9601431 W DE 9601431W WO 9705728 A2 WO9705728 A2 WO 9705728A2
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
credit
subscriber
telephone
encrypted
functional unit
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/DE1996/001431
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
WO1997005728A3 (en
Inventor
Malan Smith
Peter TOLLKÜHN
Martin Sanne
Heinz Hohbach
Werner Mitteneder
Craig Levieux
Original Assignee
Siemens Aktiengesellschaft
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens Aktiengesellschaft filed Critical Siemens Aktiengesellschaft
Priority to UA98020545A priority Critical patent/UA44327C2/en
Priority to BR9609825-2A priority patent/BR9609825A/en
Publication of WO1997005728A2 publication Critical patent/WO1997005728A2/en
Publication of WO1997005728A3 publication Critical patent/WO1997005728A3/en
Priority to MXPA/A/1998/000909A priority patent/MXPA98000909A/en

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W4/00—Services specially adapted for wireless communication networks; Facilities therefor
    • H04W4/24—Accounting or billing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04M—TELEPHONIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04M17/00—Prepayment of wireline communication systems, wireless communication systems or telephone systems
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04M—TELEPHONIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04M2215/00—Metering arrangements; Time controlling arrangements; Time indicating arrangements
    • H04M2215/20—Technology dependant metering
    • H04M2215/2026—Wireless network, e.g. GSM, PCS, TACS
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04M—TELEPHONIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04M2215/00—Metering arrangements; Time controlling arrangements; Time indicating arrangements
    • H04M2215/32—Involving wireless systems

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for recording credit for a prepayment service in telephony.
  • prepaid telephone service is particularly important in areas where payments are made through an account, i.e. cashless payments are not very common.
  • the invention is based on the object of specifying a method with which the credit entry can be carried out in a simple and secure manner with prepayment.
  • This object is achieved according to the invention with a method of the type described in the introduction, which has the following steps: Creation of a credit in such a way that the telephone number of the subscriber and the amount of the desired credit in a device containing an encryption algorithm entered and the facility outputs an encrypted number containing the subscriber's telephone number, the amount of the credit and other desired information;
  • a subscriber can pay a certain amount in advance to a service provider, for example a network operator.
  • the subscriber telephones with the credit credited to his account until it is used up.
  • a corresponding fee is debited from the subscriber's credit during each telephone call. If the credit has been used up, telephone calls are not possible until the participant has paid again.
  • Box 1 contains data of the participant, such as their telephone number, the desired amount of credit and other information.
  • Box 2 contains an encryption algorithm, box 3 an encrypted number which contains the subscriber number, the credit and other information in encrypted form.
  • the credit is acquired in such a way that the subscriber has his telephone number (for example encoded on a card) and the amount of money for which he wishes to have credit in a corresponding institution, for example in a shop or store authorized by the network operator. hands over to the relevant credit seller.
  • This data is entered into a facility provided for this purpose (credit vending machine), whereupon a number is printed out.
  • This number is an encryption of the participant number, the amount of the credit and other information Mations desired by the network operator, for example the point of sale code or the date of purchase of the credit.
  • box 4 contains the encrypted number
  • box 5 contains the decryption algorithm
  • box 6 contains the decrypted data and information.
  • 7 a decision maker is designated who is about the validity of all data
  • box 8 gives the
  • box 9 contains a memory for the credit entry.
  • the credit is recorded in a corresponding functional unit of the telephone network via the subscriber's own telephone.
  • a special access code is first selected and then the encrypted number is entered.
  • the encrypted number is decoded and, after checking the validity of all the data in accordance with the sequence shown in FIG. 2, the amount of the credit is credited to the subscriber account or added to a credit still available.
  • the encryption number and the decryption algorithm are of such a type that each encrypted number can only be used once. The encrypted number also only works for the subscriber for whom it was encrypted. If the number is entered on another phone, it will not work.
  • the subscriber can now use his phone and make phone calls as long as he has a credit. With each telephone call, the amount of the credit decreases in accordance with the call charges. As soon as the credit is used up, the phone is blocked.
  • the credit is recorded or registered in a functional unit, a so-called credit registration facility.
  • the credit can be recorded in accordance with the example shown in FIG. 3.
  • 10 denotes a telephone for the prepayment service, into which the encrypted number is entered.
  • the telephone 10 is connected to a credit detection device 11, in which the steps indicated in FIG. 2 are carried out to register the credit.
  • This device stores the new credit after the corresponding procedural steps have expired.
  • the device for credit registration can be part of the telephone service with prepayment, part of the telephone switching device, an external device that is connected to the telephone switching device, or part of the intelligent network.
  • the method according to the invention can be used in a variety of ways, for example for subscribers to the public telephone network or in mobile radio networks.

Abstract

The invention concerns a method in which credit is obtained from a credit vendor, the subscriber's telephone number and the amount of the credit being input into a device which contains a coding algorithm and emits a coded figure. In order to register the credit in a function unit of the telephone network, a special access code is dialled at the subscriber's telephone handset and the coded figure is then input.

Description

Beschreibungdescription
Verfahren zur Guthabenerfassung im FernsprechwesenTelephony credit accounting procedures
Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf ein Verfahren zur Guthabenerfas¬ sung für einen Vorauszahlungs-Service im Fernsprechwesen. Ein solcher Telefonservice mit Vorausbezahlung hat insbesondere in solchen Gegenden Bedeutung, in denen Zahlungen über ein Konto, d.h. der bargeldlose Zahlungsverkehr nicht sehr verbreitet sind.The invention relates to a method for recording credit for a prepayment service in telephony. Such prepaid telephone service is particularly important in areas where payments are made through an account, i.e. cashless payments are not very common.
Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Verfahren anzuge¬ ben, mit dem auf einfache und sichere Weise die Guthabenerfas- sung bei Vorausbezahlung durchgeführt werden kann.The invention is based on the object of specifying a method with which the credit entry can be carried out in a simple and secure manner with prepayment.
Diese Aufgabe wird gemäß der Erfindung mit einem Verfahren der eingangs beschriebenen Art gelöst, das folgende Schritte auf¬ weist: Erstellung eines Guthabens in der Weise, daß die Telefonnummer des Teilnehmers und der Betrag des gewünschten Guthabens in ei¬ ne einen Verschlüsselungs-Algorithmus beinhaltende Einrichtung eingegeben werden und die Einrichtung eine verschlüsselte Zahl ausgibt, die die Telefonnummer des Teilnehmers, den Betrag des Guthabens sowie weitere gewünschte Informationen enthält;This object is achieved according to the invention with a method of the type described in the introduction, which has the following steps: Creation of a credit in such a way that the telephone number of the subscriber and the amount of the desired credit in a device containing an encryption algorithm entered and the facility outputs an encrypted number containing the subscriber's telephone number, the amount of the credit and other desired information;
Erfassung des Guthabens in einer entsprechenden Funktionsein¬ heit des Fernsprechnetzes/Funknetzes durch Anwählen eines spe¬ ziellen Zugriffscodes und Eingabe der verschlüsselten Zahl in den Telefonapparat des Teilnehmers und daraufhin erfolgende Entschlüsselung der verschlüsselten Zahl und Registrierung des Guthabens des Teilnehmers;Detection of the credit in a corresponding functional unit of the telephone network / radio network by dialing a special access code and entering the encrypted number in the subscriber's telephone set and then decrypting the encrypted number and registering the subscriber's credit;
Abbuchung des entsprechenden Betrages vom Guthaben für jewei¬ lige Telefongespräche. Mit diesem Service kann ein Teilnehmer einem Serviceanbieter, also z.B. einem Netzbetreiber einen bestimmten Betrag im voraus zahlen. Mit dem seinem Konto gutgeschriebenen Guthaben telefo¬ niert der Teilnehmer, bis es aufgebraucht ist. Dabei wird wäh- rend jedes Telefongesprächs eine entsprechende Gebühr vom Gut¬ haben des Teilnehmers abgebucht. Ist das Guthaben aufgebraucht, sind Telefongespräche solange nicht möglich, bis der Teilnehmer erneut gezahlt hat.Debit the corresponding amount from the credit for phone calls. With this service, a subscriber can pay a certain amount in advance to a service provider, for example a network operator. The subscriber telephones with the credit credited to his account until it is used up. A corresponding fee is debited from the subscriber's credit during each telephone call. If the credit has been used up, telephone calls are not possible until the participant has paid again.
Vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen und Weiterbildungen des Erfin¬ dungsgegenstandes sind in den Unteransprüchen angegeben.Advantageous refinements and developments of the subject matter of the invention are specified in the subclaims.
Nachstehend wird die Erfindung anhand eines in der Zeichnung dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiels näher erläutert. Dabei sind in den Fig. 1 bis 3 jeweils in einem Blockschaltbild die Ver¬ fahrensschritte beim Erwerb und der Erfassung des Guthabens an¬ gegeben.The invention is explained in more detail below on the basis of an exemplary embodiment shown in the drawing. 1 to 3, the process steps for acquiring and recording the credit are given in a block diagram.
Der Erwerb des Guthabens erfolgt in der in Fig. 1 dargestellten Weise. Dabei enthält das Kästchen 1 Daten des Teilnehmers, wie dessen Telefonnummer, den gewünschten Betrag des Guthabens und andere Informationen. Kästchen 2 beinhaltet einen Verschlüsse¬ lungs-Algorithmus, Kästchen 3 eine verschlüsselte Zahl, die die Teilnehmernummer, das Guthaben und andere Informationen in ver- schlüsselter Form enthält.The credit is acquired in the manner shown in FIG. 1. Box 1 contains data of the participant, such as their telephone number, the desired amount of credit and other information. Box 2 contains an encryption algorithm, box 3 an encrypted number which contains the subscriber number, the credit and other information in encrypted form.
Der Erwerb des Guthabens erfolgt in der Weise, daß der Teilneh¬ mer seine Telefonnummer (z.B. auf einer Karte codiert) sowie den Geldbetrag, für den er ein Guthaben wünscht, in einer ent- sprechenden Institution, beispielsweise einem vom Netzbetreiber hierfür autorisierten Laden bzw. dem betreffenden Guthabenver¬ käufer übergibt. Diese Daten werden in eine hierfür vorgesehene Einrichtung (credit vending machine) eingegeben, woraufhin eine Zahl ausgedruckt wird. Diese Zahl ist eine Verschlüsselung der Teilnehmernummer, des Betrages des Guthabens und anderer Infor- mationen, die vom Netzbetreiber gewünscht werden, beispielswei¬ se der Verkaufsstellencode oder das Datum des Erwerbs des Gut¬ habens.The credit is acquired in such a way that the subscriber has his telephone number (for example encoded on a card) and the amount of money for which he wishes to have credit in a corresponding institution, for example in a shop or store authorized by the network operator. hands over to the relevant credit seller. This data is entered into a facility provided for this purpose (credit vending machine), whereupon a number is printed out. This number is an encryption of the participant number, the amount of the credit and other information Mations desired by the network operator, for example the point of sale code or the date of purchase of the credit.
Die Erfassung bzw. Registrierung des Guthabens wird anhand von Fig. 2 erläutert. Dabei ist in dem Kästchen 4 die verschlüssel¬ te Zahl enthalten, in Kästchen 5 der Entschlüsselungs-Algorith¬ mus und in Kästchen 6 befinden sich die entschlüsselten Daten und Informationen. Mit 7 ist ein Entscheider bezeichnet, der über die Gültigkeit aller Daten befindet, Kästchen 8 gibt dieThe detection or registration of the credit is explained with reference to FIG. 2. Box 4 contains the encrypted number, box 5 contains the decryption algorithm and box 6 contains the decrypted data and information. With 7 a decision maker is designated who is about the validity of all data, box 8 gives the
Zurückweisung bei negativem Ergebnis des Entscheiders an, Käst¬ chen 9 enthält einen Speicher für die Guthabenerfassung. Die Erfassung des Guthabens in einer entsprechenden Funktionsein¬ heit des Fernsprechnetzes erfolgt über das eigene Telefon des Teilnehmers. Hierzu wird zunächst ein spezieller Zugriffscode gewählt und danach die verschlüsselte Zahl eingegeben. Die ver¬ schlüsselte Zahl wird decodiert und, nach Überprüfung der Gül¬ tigkeit aller Daten gemäß dem in Fig. 2 gezeigten Ablauf wird der Betrag des Guthabens dem Teilnehmerkonto gutgeschrieben bzw. einem noch vorhandenen Guthaben aufaddiert. Die Verschlüs¬ selungszahl und der Entschlüsselungs-Algorithmus sind von sol¬ cher Art, daß jede verschlüsselte Zahl nur einmal benutzt wer¬ den kann. Die verschlüsselte Zahl arbeitet außerdem nur für den Teilnehmer, für welchen sie verschlüsselt wurde. Bei Eingabe der Zahl in ein anderes Telefon funktioniert es nicht.Rejection in the event of a negative result by the decision maker, box 9 contains a memory for the credit entry. The credit is recorded in a corresponding functional unit of the telephone network via the subscriber's own telephone. To do this, a special access code is first selected and then the encrypted number is entered. The encrypted number is decoded and, after checking the validity of all the data in accordance with the sequence shown in FIG. 2, the amount of the credit is credited to the subscriber account or added to a credit still available. The encryption number and the decryption algorithm are of such a type that each encrypted number can only be used once. The encrypted number also only works for the subscriber for whom it was encrypted. If the number is entered on another phone, it will not work.
Der Teilnehmer kann nun sein Telefon benutzen und Telefonge¬ spräche führen, solange er ein Guthaben besitzt. Mit jedem Te¬ lefonat vermindert sich der Betrag des Guthabens entsprechend den Gebühren des Telefonats. Sobald das Guthaben aufgebraucht ist, wird das Telefon gesperrt.The subscriber can now use his phone and make phone calls as long as he has a credit. With each telephone call, the amount of the credit decreases in accordance with the call charges. As soon as the credit is used up, the phone is blocked.
Im Fernsprechwesen erfolgt die Guthabenerfassung bzw. Regi¬ strierung in einer Funktionseinheit, einer sogenannten Gutha- benregistrationseinrichtung. Die Guthabenerfassung kann gemäß dem in Fig. 3 angegebenen Bei¬ spiel erfolgen. Dabei ist mit 10 ein Telefon für den Vorauszah¬ lungs-Service bezeichnet, in das die verschlüsselte Zahl einge- geben wird. Das Telefon 10 ist mit einer Guthabenerfassungsein¬ richtung 11 verbunden, in der zur Registrierung des Guthabens die in Fig. 2 angegebenen Schritte ausgeführt werden. Diese Einrichtung speichert nach Ablauf der entsprechenden Verfah¬ rensschritte das neue Guthaben. Die Einrichtung zur Guthabenre- gistrierung kann dabei Teil des Telefonservice mit Vorauszah¬ lung, Teil der Telefonvermittlungseinrichtung, eine externe Einrichtung, die mit der Telefonvermittlungseinrichtung verbun¬ den ist, oder Teil des intelligenten Netzwerkes sein.In telephony, the credit is recorded or registered in a functional unit, a so-called credit registration facility. The credit can be recorded in accordance with the example shown in FIG. 3. 10 denotes a telephone for the prepayment service, into which the encrypted number is entered. The telephone 10 is connected to a credit detection device 11, in which the steps indicated in FIG. 2 are carried out to register the credit. This device stores the new credit after the corresponding procedural steps have expired. The device for credit registration can be part of the telephone service with prepayment, part of the telephone switching device, an external device that is connected to the telephone switching device, or part of the intelligent network.
Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren kann in vielfältiger Weise be¬ nutzt werden, beispielsweise für Teilnehmer des öffentlichen Fernsprechnetzes oder in Mobilfunknetzen. The method according to the invention can be used in a variety of ways, for example for subscribers to the public telephone network or in mobile radio networks.

Claims

Patentansprüche claims
1. Verfahren zur Guthabenerfassung für einen Vorauszahlungs- Service im Fernsprechwesen, gekennzeichnet durch folgende1. A method of credit entry for a prepayment service in telephony, characterized by the following
5 Schritte:5 steps:
Erstellung eines Guthabens in der Weise, daß die Telefonnummer des Teilnehmers und der Betrag des gewünschten Guthabens in ei¬ ne einen Verschlüsselungs-Algorithmus beinhaltende Einrichtung eingegeben werden und die Einrichtung eine verschlüsselte Zahl 0 ausgibt, die die Telefonnummer des Teilnehmers, den Betrag des Guthabens sowie weitere gewünschte Informationen enthält; Erfassung des Guthabens in einer Funktionseinheit des Fern¬ sprechnetzes/Funknetzes durch Anwählen eines speziellen Zu¬ griffscodes und Eingabe der verschlüsselten Zahl in den Tele- 5 fonapparat des Teilnehmers und daraufhin erfolgende Entschlüs¬ selung der verschlüsselten Zahl und Registrierung des Guthabens des Teilnehmers;Creation of a credit in such a way that the telephone number of the subscriber and the amount of the desired credit are entered into a device containing an encryption algorithm and the device outputs an encrypted number 0, which contains the subscriber's phone number, the amount of the credit and contains other requested information; Detecting the credit in a functional unit of the telephone network / radio network by dialing a special access code and entering the encrypted number in the subscriber's telephone set and then decrypting the encrypted number and registering the credit of the subscriber;
Abbuchung des entsprechenden Betrages vom Guthaben für jewei¬ lige Telefongespräche. 0Debit the corresponding amount from the credit for phone calls. 0
2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die verschlüsselte Zahl und der Verschlüsselungs-Algorithmus so ge¬ staltet sind, daß jede verschlüsselte Zahl nur jeweils einmal benutzt wird. 52. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the encrypted number and the encryption algorithm are so designed that each encrypted number is used only once. 5
3. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die verschlüsselte Zahl nur für die Teilnehmernummer arbei¬ tet, für welche sie verschlüsselt ist.3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the encrypted number only works for the subscriber number for which it is encrypted.
0 4. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekenn¬ zeichnet, daß die Funktionseinheit zur Guthabenerfassung Teil des Telefonservice mit Vorauszahlung ist. 4. The method according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the functional unit for credit recording is part of the telephone service with prepayment.
5. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekenn¬ zeichnet, daß die Funktionseinheit für die Guthabenerfassung Teil der Telefonvermittlungseinrichtung ist.5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized gekenn¬ characterized in that the functional unit for credit detection is part of the telephone exchange.
6. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche l bis 3, dadurch gekenn¬ zeichnet, daß die Funktionseinheit zur Guthabenerfassung eine externe Einrichtung ist, die mit der Telefonvermittlungsein¬ richtung verbunden ist.6. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized gekenn¬ characterized in that the functional unit for credit detection is an external device which is connected to the Telefonvermittungsein¬ device.
7. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekenn¬ zeichnet, daß die Funktionseinheit zur Guthabenerfassung Teil des intelligenten Netzwerkes ist.7. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized gekenn¬ characterized in that the functional unit for credit detection is part of the intelligent network.
8. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, dadurch gekenn- zeichnet, daß ein Warnton den bevorstehenden Ablauf des Gutha¬ bens anzeigt. 8. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that a warning tone indicates the impending expiry of the Gutha¬ bens.
PCT/DE1996/001431 1995-08-02 1996-08-01 Credit-registering method for use in telephony WO1997005728A2 (en)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
UA98020545A UA44327C2 (en) 1995-08-02 1996-08-01 METHOD OF DETERMINING ASSETS IN TELEPHONY
BR9609825-2A BR9609825A (en) 1995-08-02 1996-08-01 Telecommunications credit detection process
MXPA/A/1998/000909A MXPA98000909A (en) 1995-08-02 1998-02-02 Process to register fertilizers in telefo

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19528423A DE19528423C2 (en) 1995-08-02 1995-08-02 Telephony credit accounting procedures
DE19528423.2 1995-08-02

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1997005728A2 true WO1997005728A2 (en) 1997-02-13
WO1997005728A3 WO1997005728A3 (en) 1997-03-06

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/DE1996/001431 WO1997005728A2 (en) 1995-08-02 1996-08-01 Credit-registering method for use in telephony

Country Status (5)

Country Link
BR (1) BR9609825A (en)
DE (1) DE19528423C2 (en)
UA (1) UA44327C2 (en)
WO (1) WO1997005728A2 (en)
ZA (1) ZA966493B (en)

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DK1050157T3 (en) 1998-01-26 2002-07-08 E Plus Mobilfunk Gmbh & Co Kg Process and arrangement for settling fees in telecommunications networks
WO1999052266A1 (en) * 1998-04-04 1999-10-14 E-Plus Mobilfunk Gmbh Method and device for reloading a telephone card for mobile telephones or enabling said telephone card to be reused
US6167251A (en) * 1998-10-02 2000-12-26 Telespree Communications Keyless portable cellular phone system having remote voice recognition
US7274928B2 (en) 1998-10-02 2007-09-25 Telespree Communications Portable cellular phone system having automatic initialization
US8046581B2 (en) 2002-03-04 2011-10-25 Telespree Communications Method and apparatus for secure immediate wireless access in a telecommunications network
US7197301B2 (en) 2002-03-04 2007-03-27 Telespree Communications Method and apparatus for secure immediate wireless access in a telecommunications network
EP1447962A1 (en) * 2003-02-12 2004-08-18 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Method and System for providing additional services free of charge in a telecommunication network

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2678459A1 (en) * 1991-06-26 1992-12-31 Remery Patrick Method of authenticating a subscriber making a call, for telephone billing
EP0589757A1 (en) * 1992-09-21 1994-03-30 France Telecom Telecommunications installation with secured downloading of prepayment means and method for the download
DE4312362A1 (en) * 1993-04-16 1994-10-20 Sel Alcatel Ag Mobile radio system with credit accounts

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DE4339460C1 (en) * 1993-11-19 1995-04-06 Siemens Ag Method for authenticating a system part by another system part of an information transmission system according to the challenge and response principle

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2678459A1 (en) * 1991-06-26 1992-12-31 Remery Patrick Method of authenticating a subscriber making a call, for telephone billing
EP0589757A1 (en) * 1992-09-21 1994-03-30 France Telecom Telecommunications installation with secured downloading of prepayment means and method for the download
DE4312362A1 (en) * 1993-04-16 1994-10-20 Sel Alcatel Ag Mobile radio system with credit accounts

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
BR9609825A (en) 1999-09-21
DE19528423A1 (en) 1997-02-06
ZA966493B (en) 1997-02-26
DE19528423C2 (en) 1998-07-16
MX9800909A (en) 1998-05-31
UA44327C2 (en) 2002-02-15
WO1997005728A3 (en) 1997-03-06

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