WO2002013287A2 - Cellule electrochimique - Google Patents

Cellule electrochimique Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2002013287A2
WO2002013287A2 PCT/DE2001/002923 DE0102923W WO0213287A2 WO 2002013287 A2 WO2002013287 A2 WO 2002013287A2 DE 0102923 W DE0102923 W DE 0102923W WO 0213287 A2 WO0213287 A2 WO 0213287A2
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
gas
diffusion electrode
gas diffusion
channels
channel
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/DE2001/002923
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
WO2002013287A3 (fr
Inventor
Stefan Höller
Uwe Küter
Original Assignee
Hoeller Stefan
Kueter Uwe
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Hoeller Stefan, Kueter Uwe filed Critical Hoeller Stefan
Priority to AU2001289551A priority Critical patent/AU2001289551A1/en
Publication of WO2002013287A2 publication Critical patent/WO2002013287A2/fr
Publication of WO2002013287A3 publication Critical patent/WO2002013287A3/fr

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/02—Details
    • H01M8/0202—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
    • H01M8/1007—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes with both reactants being gaseous or vaporised
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M2300/00—Electrolytes
    • H01M2300/0017—Non-aqueous electrolytes
    • H01M2300/0065—Solid electrolytes
    • H01M2300/0082—Organic polymers
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/50—Fuel cells

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an electrochemical cell, in particular a fuel cell according to the features specified in the preamble of claim 1.
  • Such electrochemical cells are used in particular as fuel cells, but also as electrolysis cells. They have a polymer electrolyte membrane that is gas-tight but ion-permeable. Gas diffusion electrodes are arranged on both sides of the polymer electrolyte membrane
  • Membrane are provided with a suitable metal, such as platinum, as a catalyst.
  • the gas diffusion electrodes are usually mats made of graphitized fabric that are electrically conductive and gas-permeable. These gas diffusion electrodes are closed on their side facing away from the membrane by a bipolar plate or an end plate, via which the
  • the bipolar plate or the end plate has a generally branched channel system, through which the gas in the fuel cell is guided along the gas diffusion electrode.
  • This channel is designed as an open groove and delimited on one side by the gas diffusion electrode, so that the gas can penetrate the gas diffusion electrode over a large area. It is customary to run the reaction gas in excess so that the electrode is always adequately supplied.
  • electrochemical cells are arranged in a plurality on top of one another and connected in series.
  • the object of the invention is to design an electrochemical cell, in particular a fuel cell, of the type described at the outset in such a way that it can be produced inexpensively and in particular that even gas distribution in the gas diffusion electrode takes place in fuel cell operation.
  • the basic idea of the present invention is to provide the channel arrangement in such a way that the gas to be supplied to the gas diffusion electrode is not only guided along this electrode, but rather through this electrode.
  • gas supply and gas discharge takes place via separate channels that have no direct channel connection to each other, that
  • the channels for the gas supply and gas discharge which are formed by corresponding grooves in the bipolar plate or the end plate, are advantageously arranged in such a way that a supply channel is adjacent to a discharge channel. If the channel system is then formed such that it is finely distributed over the entire available area, then an intensive flow through the gas diffusion electrode is achieved in the entire effective electrode area.
  • the channels according to the invention can have a substantially smaller cross section than channels according to the prior art, since the flow Resistance add up the cross sections of the individual channels and not, as in the prior art, where a meandering channel guidance takes place, the flow resistance is essentially determined by the smallest channel cross section. This has the further significant advantage that the ratio of the surface area to the channel area - in plan view of the bipolar plate or end plate from the
  • Electrode seen - can be significantly enlarged. While in the prior art this ratio is approximately 1: 1, the contact surface with which the bipolar plate or the end plate is in direct contact with the gas diffusion electrode can be 75% (preferably between 70 and 80%) due to the design according to the invention. of the total area or even more can be increased without reducing the gas supply or removal to or from the gas diffusion electrode. Due to the fact that this contact area can be significantly enlarged, the gas diffusion electrode can be made softer and more elastic, whereby the manufacturing costs are considerably reduced. In the case of fuel cells according to the prior art, it is customary, for example, to design the gas diffusion electrode in two layers, a softer, elastic layer lying against the membrane being provided, which is covered by a harder layer lying against the bipolar plate or the end plate.
  • the latter which is more expensive to produce, can be completely dispensed with by the present invention, since hard support is no longer required.
  • a comparatively soft and elastic material can be used for the gas diffusion electrode, which material is available inexpensively as roll goods. As a result, the manufacturing costs, particularly in series and mass production, can be reduced considerably.
  • a multiplicity of gas supply and gas discharge channels are preferably arranged next to one another, so that a distribution which is broader and more favorable in terms of the flow cross section is produced.
  • This microchannel structure enables the gas to be introduced over a large area and uniformly into the gas diffusion electrode or, when used as an electrolyzer, to be discharged from this electrode.
  • Fig. 1 shows an end plate of a fuel cell according to the invention in
  • FIG. 1 is an end view of the plate of FIG. 1,
  • Fig. 3 shows a section along the section line i ⁇ -ILT in Fig. 2 and
  • FIG. 4 shows an enlarged representation of a section along the section line rV-rV in FIG. 1.
  • the structure of the fuel cell which is not shown in detail here, corresponds to that described, for example, from DE 195 44 323 A1.
  • An electroconductive but gas-tight end plate 1 lies flat against a gas diffusion electrode 2, which consists of a carbonized carbon fiber fleece, is also electrically conductive and catalytically coats the side facing away from the end plate 1, i. H. is provided with platinum particles.
  • This gas diffusion electrode 2 rests on a polymer electrolyte membrane 3 which is gas-tight but permeable to ions.
  • To the other side of the Polymerelek ⁇ Olytmembran 3 is the other side of the Polymerelek ⁇ Olytmembran 3
  • the structure is corresponding, with two end plates of adjacent cells lying against one another or being designed as a common plate in the form of a bipolar plate.
  • Such an end plate 1 is shown with reference to the figures. 1 shows the side of the end plate 1 facing the gas diffusion electrode 2. As can be seen from FIG. 1, numerous rows 4, 5 of microchannels 6 arranged alternately and interlocking are provided in the side of the end plate 1 facing the electrode 2. These microchannels 6 have an essentially square cross section and are formed by corresponding groove-like recesses in the surface of the end plate 1. They are delimited on their free side by the adjacent gas diffusion electrode 2.
  • Each microchannel 6 is connected via a centrally arranged and perpendicular bore-like channel 7 to a main channel 8 or 9 located behind it and running in the direction of the respective row 4 or 5.
  • the rows 4 and 5 of microchannels are each connected via main channels 8, 9 arranged next to one another, the main channels 8 of the rows 4 on the end face 10 visible in FIG. 2 and that of the rows 5 on the other (in
  • Fig. 2 not visible) end face 11.
  • the rows 4 of microchannels 6 are connected to one another via the main channels 8 opening into the end face 10 and the rows 5 of microchannels 6, which are accessible via the end face 11, via the main channels 9.
  • the arrangement of the microchannels of adjacent rows 4 and 5 is interdigitated, so that adjacent microchannels 6 always have different channel systems. are ordered.
  • the main channels 8 and 9 are also arranged alternately, as can be seen in particular from FIG. 3.

Abstract

L'invention concerne une cellule électrochimique fonctionnant avec une membrane électrolytique polymère (3) sur laquelle sont disposées de par et d'autre, des électrodes à décharge de gaz (2), recouvertes par une plaque terminale (1) ou une plaque bipolaire. La plaque terminale ou bipolaire (1) est munie d'un réseau de canaux (6) acheminant le gaz et d'un réseau de canaux (6) et évacuant le gaz, qui sont délimités et séparés mutuellement par l'électrode à décharge gazeuse (2). Le gaz acheminé doit de ce fait également passer par l'électrode à décharge gazeuse (2), afin de passer du système de canaux acheminant le gaz au système de canaux évacuant le gaz.
PCT/DE2001/002923 2000-08-08 2001-08-06 Cellule electrochimique WO2002013287A2 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU2001289551A AU2001289551A1 (en) 2000-08-08 2001-08-06 Electrochemical cell comprising a polymer electrolyte membrane

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10038589A DE10038589A1 (de) 2000-08-08 2000-08-08 Elektrochemische Zelle
DE10038589.3 2000-08-08

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2002013287A2 true WO2002013287A2 (fr) 2002-02-14
WO2002013287A3 WO2002013287A3 (fr) 2002-12-12

Family

ID=7651664

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/DE2001/002923 WO2002013287A2 (fr) 2000-08-08 2001-08-06 Cellule electrochimique

Country Status (3)

Country Link
AU (1) AU2001289551A1 (fr)
DE (1) DE10038589A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2002013287A2 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1447869A1 (fr) * 2003-02-15 2004-08-18 Haldor Topsoe A/S Dispositif d'interconnexion, pile à combustible et batterie de piles à combustible

Families Citing this family (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR100840585B1 (ko) 2001-02-12 2008-06-23 더 몰간 크루시블 캄파니 피엘시 유동장 플레이트 구조
GB2387476B (en) 2002-06-24 2004-03-17 Morgan Crucible Co Flow field plate geometries
WO2004114446A1 (fr) * 2003-06-18 2004-12-29 The Morgan Crucible Company Plc Geometries de plaques de champ d'ecoulement
JP4682511B2 (ja) 2003-12-02 2011-05-11 日産自動車株式会社 固体酸化物型燃料電池
DE102007062033A1 (de) 2007-12-21 2009-06-25 Robert Bosch Gmbh Brennstoffzelle, Strömungsfeldplatte und Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Strömungsfeldplatte
DE102012221802A1 (de) * 2012-11-28 2014-05-28 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft Brennstoffzelle mit einer Gasdiffusionslage
DE102015211893A1 (de) 2015-06-26 2016-12-29 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft Strömungsfeld einer Brennstoffzelle

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1994011912A1 (fr) * 1992-11-13 1994-05-26 Ballard Power Systems Inc. Plaques de champ d'ecoulement d'eau de piles a combustible presentant des voies d'ecoulement d'eau discontinues
WO1995008851A1 (fr) * 1993-09-24 1995-03-30 Ballard Power Systems Inc. Procede et appareil d'oxydation de monoxyde de carbone dans le courant de reactif d'une pile a combustible
US5846668A (en) * 1996-03-07 1998-12-08 Tanaka Kikinzoku Kogyo K. K. Fuel cell, electrolytic cell and process of cooling and/or dehumidifying same
WO2000017952A1 (fr) * 1998-09-18 2000-03-30 Energy Partners, L.C. Pile a combustible a humidification autonome

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JPS60227361A (ja) * 1984-04-25 1985-11-12 Fuji Electric Corp Res & Dev Ltd 燃料電池の反応ガス給排内部構造
JPS61128470A (ja) * 1984-11-28 1986-06-16 Hitachi Ltd 燃料電池のセパレ−タ
JPH0729579A (ja) * 1993-03-25 1995-01-31 Tanaka Kikinzoku Kogyo Kk 燃料電池用セパレーター及び燃料電池用セルスタック
JPH1116591A (ja) * 1997-06-26 1999-01-22 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd 固体高分子型燃料電池、固体高分子型燃料電池システム及び電気機器

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1994011912A1 (fr) * 1992-11-13 1994-05-26 Ballard Power Systems Inc. Plaques de champ d'ecoulement d'eau de piles a combustible presentant des voies d'ecoulement d'eau discontinues
WO1995008851A1 (fr) * 1993-09-24 1995-03-30 Ballard Power Systems Inc. Procede et appareil d'oxydation de monoxyde de carbone dans le courant de reactif d'une pile a combustible
US5846668A (en) * 1996-03-07 1998-12-08 Tanaka Kikinzoku Kogyo K. K. Fuel cell, electrolytic cell and process of cooling and/or dehumidifying same
WO2000017952A1 (fr) * 1998-09-18 2000-03-30 Energy Partners, L.C. Pile a combustible a humidification autonome

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PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 010, no. 082 (E-392), 2. April 1986 (1986-04-02) -& JP 60 227361 A (FUJI DENKI SOUGOU KENKYUSHO:KK;OTHERS: 01), 12. November 1985 (1985-11-12) *
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 010, no. 317 (E-449), 28. Oktober 1986 (1986-10-28) -& JP 61 128470 A (HITACHI LTD), 16. Juni 1986 (1986-06-16) *
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 1995, no. 04, 31. Mai 1995 (1995-05-31) -& JP 07 029579 A (TANAKA KIKINZOKU KOGYO KK), 31. Januar 1995 (1995-01-31) *
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 1999, no. 04, 30. April 1999 (1999-04-30) -& JP 11 016591 A (MATSUSHITA ELECTRIC IND CO LTD), 22. Januar 1999 (1999-01-22) *

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1447869A1 (fr) * 2003-02-15 2004-08-18 Haldor Topsoe A/S Dispositif d'interconnexion, pile à combustible et batterie de piles à combustible
JP2004247305A (ja) * 2003-02-15 2004-09-02 Haldor Topsoe As 通気装置、燃料電池及び燃料電池スタック
CN1316657C (zh) * 2003-02-15 2007-05-16 赫多特普索化工设备公司 互联装置、燃料电池和燃料电池组
US7297425B1 (en) 2003-02-15 2007-11-20 Topsoe Fuel Cell A/S Interconnect device, fuel cell and fuel cell stack

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2002013287A3 (fr) 2002-12-12
DE10038589A1 (de) 2002-02-28
AU2001289551A1 (en) 2002-02-18

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