WO2006031150A1

WO2006031150A1 - Mobile communications network device

Info

Publication number: WO2006031150A1
Application number: PCT/RU2005/000403
Authority: WO
Inventors: Andrey Urievich Gavrilov; Victor Andreevich Izotov; Victor Yakovlevich Litnovsky; Vadim Aleksandrovich Usachev
Original assignee: Pimkin, Aleksandr Vasilievich; Saltykov, Boris Georgievich
Priority date: 2004-09-10
Filing date: 2005-08-05
Publication date: 2006-03-23
Also published as: RU2292646C2; RU2004127003A

Abstract

The invention relates to mobile communications. Said invention makes it possible to provide underpopulated and difficult-to-reach regions with inexpensive communication services. The sense of said invention lies in the use of a short-wave communication in high-frequency networks, in particular in cellular telephone networks. The aim is attainable by the use of particular characteristic features specified in 49 subclaims.

Description

MOBILE COMMUNICATION NETWORK DEVICE

Technical field

The invention relates to the field of mobile communications and relates to the physical level of their systems. At the same time, it can be applied when creating networks with a pronounced infrastructure.

Basically, the invention describes a radio subsystem, involving an open architecture and a common radio interface, compatible with common software. At the same time, the invention allows you to build complex systems, predetermining their physical level, organizing access to the environment for both multimedia and voice applications, routing, entering external networks, including broadband digital networks with service integration, etc.

The invention is intended to be implemented in the interests of the general public, primarily in areas with a low density of the latter and / or having ground infrastructure gaps. It can be used in the organization of distance learning and medicine (diagnosis sticks, surgery, etc.), while providing remote mobile access to databases, for example, for viewing Web resources, as well as in transport, security systems, industry, in broadcasting facilities, for communication with services on mobile platforms, for voice, data, messaging, including short messages, e-mail, faxes, video information, hypertexts, etc.

The invention is focused on creating networks that support wireless access and mobility of end systems. In particular, the invention is intended to provide access to portable devices in Internet, for example, using the TCP / IP protocols (transmission control protocol and Internet protocol), as well as UDP (user datagram protocol).

Also, the invention can be implemented in the construction of radio lines and asymmetric communication systems, for example, unidirectional broadcast systems based on digital transmission of multimedia information.

The invention should find the main application in communication systems operating in full duplex mode, using cellular as mobile terminals Phones of various manufacturers, usually paired with computers. Moreover, the invention is aimed at servicing individual calls, including between two subscribers.

The authors also admit the possibility of using the distinguishing features of the invention in the construction of packet-oriented networks.

State of the art

The dynamics of information exchange needs that have taken place over the past decade clearly indicate that communication is the foundation of the post-industrial world. However, the dizzying success of import concepts of mobile communications made us forget for a while that basically the only reliable transport in Russia is the cart the mare is harnessed to. This, of course, is a hyperbole, but through the prism of reality it is clearly visible that neither TETRA, nor GSM, nor IRIDIUM will solve the problem of providing the population of our country with affordable mobile telecommunications. There are many reasons for this - both large territory and bad developed infrastructure, and the lack of savings among the population, etc., and so on.

Without diminishing the merits of modern communications, the applicant, having undertaken pilot studies on an initiative basis, came to the conclusion that it was necessary to build alternative information networks in the Russian Federation.

Let's turn to the history. Despite the discovery in 1920 of Guillermo Marconi of short waves, which, thanks to reflection from the ionosphere, can be used to connect users located almost anywhere in the world, and the discovery in 1933 by Edwin Armstrong of frequency modulation, which largely eliminates the effect of interference on high-quality communication (attention is paid to the depth of the problem), one of the first networks (A-Netz, 1958, Germany) was analog and worked at a frequency of 160 MHz, providing communication only in the line of sight, and this is with the number of subscribers by 1970 only about 10 thousand. Later networks also remained analog and operated at even higher frequencies (the Scandinavian NMT network in the seventies worked at a frequency of 450 MHz, and then was transferred to a frequency of 900 MHz). In 1982, it was decided to develop a digital standard for mobile communications (GSM) operating at a frequency of 900 MHz. Moreover, already in 1991, the European Institute of Telecommunications Standards adopted a standard for extended (in the sense of providing the possibility of transmitting multimedia data) digital wireless telecommunications (DECT), oriented at frequencies of 1880.1900 MHz (see, in particular, the GSM- 1800).

“Moving” to the high-frequency region is undoubtedly justified even taking into account the requirements of developed infrastructure and services (many antennas, switches, local registrars, etc. are necessary, frequent switching from one base station to another is necessary when the subscriber moves, etc.) - the radio resource is very limited, while demand in the amount of transferred ^¬ my information and related services are constantly growing. It should be noted and high penetrating ability of high-frequency radiation (here refers to the ability to receive high-frequency radio waves in the premises that have passed through the narrow window openings - minimal ^¬ Nye wavelengths shortwave - 10 m), and good reception of such radiation on small antennas, etc., and so on.

Today, cellular systems allow you to transfer high-speed video data, provide information security, full access control, international roaming, the ability to determine the location of the user, and much more. However, being oriented towards 100% coverage of the territory of northern European countries (the homeland of modern mobile communications), such systems do not have a similar prospect of coverage when used on the territory of countries such as Russia, Brazil, Indonesia and several others.

Indeed, with a maximum radius of operation of the base GSM station of 35 km (and this, without taking into account the features of the terrain, in reality, we are talking about 5..10 km) for 100% coverage of Russia, more than ten thousand such stations will be required, whereas in more than half of the cases, the station will account for less than a dozen subscribers.

It is precisely because cellular communication is not a solution to the indicated problem that trunking communication systems (for example, on MPT 1327 protocol base - TAITNET and ACCESSNET). Such and similar systems have already been implemented by RAO EU and Gazprom, the Federal Road Service, OJSC Svyaztransneft and others. The territory covered by the relevant networks exceeds the territory of any Western European country.

It should be noted that modern trunking systems operate at frequencies of 380..400, 800..900 MHz and can support about a hundred channels in each of more than one hundred zones, having a capacity of about a million subscribers. At the same time, the main drawback of trunking is the abundance of small systems.

An alternative to cellular and trunking systems, especially in terms of simplicity and speed of connection to global networks of remote and sparsely populated areas, including developing areas, is satellite communications, which does not require the use of base stations and additional terrestrial networks, although until recently - until the advent of Iridium digital technology (until about 1998) satellites were used only as a means of broadcasting. Today, mobile satellite communications are based on a large number of satellites scattered in low orbits, assuming their weekly launch. In this case, the work is carried out at frequencies of the order of 1600 MHz.

Of undoubted interest are networks using (as transponders, routers, ...) satellites of various types (GEO, MEO, LEO, HEO), interconnected via inter-satellite communication channels (ISL).

The main disadvantages of satellite communications include the high cost of its maintenance and construction (about 5 billion USD) ¹ , poorly combined with mobility and portability requirements for the size and direction of antennas, radiation power, the complexity of frequency distribution and switching (there is a rapid movement of basic stations).

The shortcomings of satellite systems are also eloquently echoed by the results of assessments of the market for relevant services - by the time when there are 6 billion people on the planet, only 3 million users of satellite communications will be registered, i.e. 0.5% of the population.

It is also known to use fiber optic cables to create global communications backbones,

¹ - it should also be noted here that the spread of satellite communications is possible only through the use of foreign satellite systems in what such cables are today a serious competition, including satellite systems.

Recently, there has been a tendency to integrate various communication systems into a broadband wireless mobile communications (MBS) system, which resulted in the development of the IMT 2000 standard for international mobile communications with a transition to a frequency of about 2000 MHz.

It is important to note that, despite the rapid development of communications in the ultra-short-wavelength range, to date, many are focused on communication systems with a range of 100 km or more, operating in the short-wave (up to 30 MHz) and low-frequency (30..56 MHz) ranges. Widespread, thanks to a good passage around the relief and distribution of the line hori ^¬ umbrella radio waves specified ranges, received radio brands Roger (KP-30), Verteh (VX-3000) et al., Including supporting the network mode and output, eg to the public switched telephone network.

At the same time, leading corporations working in the field of mobile communications fundamentally neglect short-wave technology, even despite the existence of 1C specially developed for the short-wave range transmission protocols, for example, DRM (digital radio transmission) protocol - the low bandwidth of the short-wave range determines its low commercial attractiveness in building networks.

As a prototype of the invention, a mobile communication network device based on the BRAN broadband radio access network in an ATM asynchronous transmission system was selected. See the base model HIPERLAN-2 of the European Institute of Telecommunications Standards (as well as Bhat RR, Wi-RELESS ATM Recycled Security Ethernet, ATM Forum, RTD-WATM-Ol. 02., 1998 and Raushudhuri D., WIRELESS ATM PETROTEX “Sustem desigp apd rototouripg", IEEE Resrpal Communmmiсtiop, vol.Z, po.4, August, 1996).

Important in the prototype is the following.

The prototype ^is' a device network mobility ^¬ hydrochloric communication network and comprising an external access point to it with transceivers, and mobile user terminals and terminal adapters, though the latter are adapted to receive and transmit high-frequency electromagnetic waves (with a frequency satisfying the condition

Z ₁ »30 MHz, (1)

where f _g is the frequency of electromagnetic waves at which the terminal adapters work), providing the ability to transmit elementary signals with a speed of V ₁ + Av ₁ .

The main disadvantage of the prototype is its orientation to the indicated frequencies, suggesting the possibility of establishing a connection between the adapter transceiver and the access point transceiver only in the line of sight.

WLANs are also well known (see IEEE 802.11, as well as the European Standard for Wireless LANs HIPERLAN 1 and 2), providing mobile communications between computers and operating at 2400 and 5200 MHz (in the frequency band for industrial, scientific and medical applications ISM).

At the end of this section, a few words should be said about the previously mentioned IP protocol, namely, IP Mobile. A mobile node, once in a foreign network, stores its IP address. In a typical communication scenario, the correspondent node — the partner in the communication session of the mobile node — communicates with it by sending data to the specified address. In fact, the latter is only the entry point of the tunnel starting at the base agent - the core network agent of the mobile node, which knows about the current location of the mobile node, while the exit point of the tunnel is the transmission address, for example, determined by the router of the foreign agent of the mentioned foreign network.

Delivery of IP packets is as follows. The correspondent node sends an IP packet to the IP address of the mobile node. IPerpet (network), having no information about the current location of the mobile node, sends standard packets to the router of the core network using standard procedures, after which it gets to the base agent. The latter, knowing the transfer address from a foreign agent, encapsulates the packet, adding a new header, and forwards it through the tunnel. The foreign agent decapsulates the packet, removing the additional header, and transfers it to the mobile node. In the aspect of the claimed invention, it is important, firstly, that the mobility of the communication partner whose IP address remains unchanged is not visible to the correspondent node, and secondly, that a virtual tunnel forms between the entry point to the subnet at the specified IP -address and entry point into the subnet of another network - the current location of the mobile node.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The motive for creating the invention is the need to develop a concept for building a network of mobile communications with 100% coverage of the territory of Russia, adapted to the conditions of the rapid development and spread of mobile, in particular, cellular communications, operating at frequencies much greater than 30 MHz.

It should be emphasized here that we are not talking about networks integrated into cellular communications, but about networks compatible with cellular communications.

The main objective of the invention is the creation of prerequisites for building a global network with minimal initial investment and maintenance costs, while such a network should be compatible with the widespread user equipment (for example, with mobile phones or laptops that support mobility) and meet modern requirements for quality of service (in terms of QoS quality).

The objective of the invention is the introduction of short-wave communication in cellular networks, in Internet, etc.

It is also important to emphasize that, although there are techniques to increase the information transfer rate, when working in the short-wave range it is still substantially lower than that when working in the high-frequency region, for example, defined by the GSM standard. As a result, when solving the problem of the invention, it becomes necessary to coordinate existing devices intended for high-speed connections with low-speed data transmission devices in the short-wave range. Such coordination is the main technical result achieved during the implementation of the invention, the distinctive features of the independent claim of the formula of which make it possible in the action zone ²

² - (in the application materials, the zone is understood as the region within which radio communication of the terminal adapter with the corresponding transceiver is possible external (high-frequency) network, and in the area of the short-wave network, work with the same mobile terminal, in particular, with a small-sized mobile phone.

The claimed invention allows to improve existing mobile communication systems, supplementing them with a universal short-wave mobility extension cable.

Another objective of the invention is the linking of the mobile communication network to the infrastructure existing on the territory of Russia that ensures the transmission of information, in particular, including repeaters of the short-wave and medium-wave ranges in order to minimize the cost of accessing the specified network by users located in sparsely populated areas.

The foregoing reflects the technical result achieved by the implementation of the invention.

A concomitant effect of the use of the invention is to provide the opportunity to implement the optimal encoding mode with minimal loss of user and service data when coordinated

rum of the access point, as a rule, this is the area into which the radiation of the transceiver of the access point is directed) high-speed and low-speed information flows in wireless networks, in particular, when working in encapsulation / decapsulation mode.

Another concomitant effect of the use of the invention is to enable uniform loading of transceivers throughout the day.

The claimed device will be able to occupy its niche in the market due to the possibility of using mobile services in sparsely populated areas of the Russian Federation.

The claimed technical result is mainly achieved by the following.

A mobile communication network device, including an external network and access points to it with transceivers, as well as mobile subscriber terminals and terminal adapters, while the latter are configured to receive and transmit high-frequency electromagnetic waves (with a frequency satisfying the condition

f _g ”30 MHz, (U

where fι is the frequency of electromagnetic waves at which the terminal adapters work), providing the ability to transmit elementary signals with a speed of V ₁ ± Δv _lr , the following distinctive features have been introduced: the said adapters in the operating mode are mainly located outside the coverage area of the external network, and the mentioned points are mainly indirect access points to the external network, while the said transceivers and adapters are made with the ability to exchange signals with each other and / or between themselves by means of electromagnetic waves with a frequency satisfying the condition

where fι - see above, jfг - frequency of electromagnetic waves, through which the connection is made between transceivers of access points and terminal adapters or between the transceivers themselves, or between the adapters themselves, l is the number of placements with repetitions in binary code, and l satisfies the condition

2 <n <4, (3) and such waves provide the possibility of transmitting elementary signals with a speed of V ₂ ± Av ₂ , and the above-mentioned terminals and adapters are configured to exchange signals with each other by means of electromagnetic waves with a frequency f _lr, while the said device further includes matching blocks configured to convert the received signal to said velocity V ₁ + Av ₁ in at least one signal to said velocity V ₂ + Av ₂ and vice versa, at least one of the received signal with said rates, the Strongly V ₂ ± Av ₂ in the transmitted signal to said velocity V ₁ ₁ + Av.

Also, the technical result is achieved by introducing the following private distinctive features.

Access points may include modules designed to emulate the operation of terminals when they are connected to an external network.

Access points can mainly be located in / near settlements (s) with the number of inhabitants, about 1 million people. and more, 0.5 .. 1.0 million people, 0.1 .. 0.5 million people Access points can be made in the form of embedded nodes of direct access points to an external network.

Access points may include modules for international identification of mobile equipment.

Access point transceivers can advantageously be stationary.

Transceivers of access points can be made connected to each other via dedicated communication lines.

Access point transceivers can include antenna-feeder devices, while antennas can be located at a height of 1 to 100 m.

At least one transceiver of at least one access point may include a directional antenna.

The transceivers of access points can be configured to establish radio communications using the "reflection" of radio waves by the ionosphere.

Transceivers of access points can be mainly located relative to a nearby settlement so that the latter crosses at least one imaginary line connecting this transceiver to a point in its zone. At least one transceiver of at least one access point may be configured to serve more than one zone.

Transceivers can be designed in such a way that at least two of them serve the same area of the same zone or the same zone.

Transceivers of access points can be configured to service (receive and transmit) 2 or more voice channels in a band of about 24 kHz.

Transceivers of access points can be configured to serve up to lb communication channels per zone when they are dynamically allocated.

The access point transceivers may include channel controllers, the latter can be configured to dispatch frequency and time resources of the access point transceiver system.

Adapters may be configured to connect to more than one terminal.

Adapters may be configured to detect (detect and recognize) a carrier f _lr blocking communication of the corresponding adapter with the terminal. Adapters can be configured to determine the output of the terminals they serve to an external network, despite the fact that the specified output leads to blocking communication between the adapter and the terminal.

Adapters may include modules for locating adapters.

Adapters may include modules for estimating the distance from the adapters to the nearest direct access points to the external network or to the boundaries of the zones they serve, while the specified distance will determine the priority or probability of connecting the corresponding adapter to the transceiver of the access point. In this case, the adapters may include a memory module designed to store information about the location of points of direct access to an external network.

Adapters can be configured to integrate terminals operating in different frequency ranges.

Adapters may include broadcast receivers.

Adapters may include modules for international identification of mobile equipment. Adapters may include beacons working with the service part of the signals of the transceivers of access points, which, being returned to the said transceiver, will determine the optimal range of operating frequencies, as well as elevation and azimuth directions of the antennas of the said transceivers, while the adapters may include a control module made with the ability to output the adapter to the mentioned range at the corresponding service request of the transceiver of the access point.

Adapters may include transceivers of adapters with antennas, the latter can be located at a height of 1 to 100 m.

Antennas for transceivers adapters can be made with the possibility of their installation at various heights.

The antennas of the transceivers of the adapters can be made with the possibility of their attachment to the air probe, mainly disposable.

Transceivers can be configured to organize up to 16 logical channels on a single frequency and can include data compression modules. Transceivers can be made in such a way that the frequency of the electromagnetic waves, through which the communication between them is carried out, will satisfy the condition

3MHz </ ₂ <56MHz. (four)

Transceivers can be made in such a way that the transmission speed of elementary signals at a low frequency (fg) V ₂ ± Av ₂ will satisfy the condition

Transceivers can be configured to dispatch frequency and time resources based on a priority system.

Terminals may include terminal positioning modules.

Terminals can include modules for estimating the distance from the terminals to the nearest direct access points to the external network or to the boundaries of the zones they serve, while the specified distance will determine the priority or probability of connecting the corresponding adapter with the transceiver of the access point. Terminals and adapters can be made in such a way that the frequency of electromagnetic waves at which the adapters communicate with the terminals will satisfy the condition

300 MHz <Z ₁ <20,000 MHz. (b)

Terminals and adapters can be made in such a way that the transmission rate of elementary signals at a high frequency (_fi) V ₁ ± Av ₁ satisfies the condition

2kbps "v _v (7)

Terminals and adapters can be made with the possibility of exchanging signals with each other by means of electromagnetic waves with a frequency selected from the ranges 700..1000 MHz and 1500..2500 MHz.

The matching blocks may include digital modulation modules configured to amplitude and / or frequency and / or phase shift keying.

Matching blocks may include amplitude manipulation modules configured to use a quadruple code. Matching units may include frequency shift keying modules configured to generate a signal without phase discontinuity or with a minimum shift.

Matching units may include binary phase-shift keying modules, and in addition they may include phase-locked loop modules.

Matching units may be configured to frequency-encode sequences comprising three or more chips.

Matching blocks may include Gaussian filters.

Matching blocks can be made with the possibility of phase coding sequences including three or more elementary signals.

Matching blocks may be configured with gradient phase shift keying.

Matching units may be modulated on multiple 'carriers.

The device can be implemented with a distributed architecture that allows you to connect different access points through their transceivers.

List of drawings The invention is illustrated as follows:

- Fig. 1 shows one of the variants of the network device;

- in Fig. 2 shows one of the options for the mutual orientation of settlements, transceivers access points and zones of the latter;

- Fig. 3 shows one of the options for restricting access to the network from areas of the transceiver zone of the access point located near the service area of the external network;

- in Fig. 4 shows one of the variants of the input high-frequency signal of the matching unit when implementing the method of "phase-shift manipulation");

- in Fig. 5 shows one of the variations in the phase of the output low-frequency signal of the matching unit, depending on the change in the input signal shown in Fig. 4;

- in FIG. b, one of the variants of a network fragment with uniform loading of transceivers of access points throughout the day is given; - Fig.7 shows one of the variants of the generalized circuit of the terminal adapter.

The following notation is used in the figures: Short dash-dot line - maintenance of the near zones;

Long dash-dot line - maintenance of distant zones;

1 - terrestrial ionosphere;

2 - antenna systems of short-wave transceivers of the access point;

3 - transceiver access points;

4 - service area of the transceiver 3;

5 - terminal adapter;

6 - mobile terminal;

7 - access point (not direct) to an external network with a transceiver;

8 - transceiver decimetric antenna of the access point, for example, _r parabolic, perceived by the direct access point to the external network as active terminals (in fact, these are virtual mobile terminals served by the short-wave network through terminal adapters) - here (when designating one by -

SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 26) The position of both the antenna and virtual terminals) emphasizes that for a direct access point to an external network, the remoteness of the mobile terminal is hidden, as a rule, it does not distinguish an access point (with short-wave transceivers) as an independent object;

9 - point of direct access to an external network;

10 - service area of the transceiver of an access point located in close proximity to the latter;

11 - the first zone of the transceiver of the access point of the St. Petersburg operator;

12 - transceiver access points of the St. Petersburg operator;

13 - superimposed parts of the first and second zones of the transceiver of the access point of the St. Petersburg operator with part of the first zone of the transceiver of the access point of the Moscow operator;

14 - overlaid parts of the second zone of the transceiver of the access point of the St. Petersburg operator and the first zone of the transceiver of the access point of the Moscow operator;

15 - superimposed parts of the first and second zones of the transceiver of the access point of the Moscow operator with part of the second zone of the transceiver of the access point of the St. Petersburg operator;

16 - transceiver access points of the Moscow operator; 17 - superimposed parts of the first and second zones of the transceiver of the access point of the Moscow operator with parts of the first and second zones of the transceiver of the access point of the St. Petersburg operator;

18 - overlaid parts of the first zone of the transceiver of the access point of the St. Petersburg operator and the second zone of the transceiver of the access point of the Moscow operator;

19 - the second zone of the transceiver access points of the Moscow operator;

20 - zones, mainly served by the Moscow operator, to the service of which, depending on the time of day, the Syktyvkar operator may be connected;

21 - zones, mainly serviced by the Syktyvkar operator, to which Moscow or Salekhard operators may be connected, depending on the time of day;

22 - zones mainly served by the Salekhard operator, the Syktyvkar operator may be connected to service depending on the time of day;

23 - transceiver access points Syktyvkar operator; 24 - transceiver access points Salekhard operator;

25 - a radio beacon;

26 - location module;

27 - passive receiver of broadcast information; 28 - power supply module;

29 - control module;

30 - mobile equipment identification module;

31 - short-wave receiver-transmitter;

32 - block matching high-speed and low-speed data streams;

33 - decimeter receiver-transmitter;

0% - zone area of the transceiver of the access point, exit from which to the external network through the terminal adapter is impossible;

6% is the area of the transceiver zone of the access point, the exit from which to the external network through the terminal adapter from the first attempt to establish a connection is unlikely; 25% - the area of the transceiver zone of the access point, the probability of exiting from which to the external network through the terminal adapter from the first connection attempt is 25%; 56% - the area of the transceiver zone of the access point, the probability of exiting from which to the external network through the terminal adapter from the first attempt to establish a connection is 56%;

100% - the area of the transceiver zone of the access point, the exit from which to the external network through the terminal adapter is guaranteed from the first attempt to establish a connection; fi is the frequency of electromagnetic waves at which the terminal adapters work, communicating with mobile terminals, as a rule, this is the working frequency of the external network; f'i - frequency equal to 800/900 MHz; f'i - frequency equal to 1800/1900 MHz; f ₂ - frequency of electromagnetic waves, through which communication is made between transceivers of access points and terminal adapters or between transceivers themselves, or between adapters themselves; GSM - the coverage area of an external, for example, GSM network; R35 - the conditional radius of the external network zone (for example, a GSM station - 35 km); R350 - conditional radius of the transceiver zone of the access point operating at frequency f2 and using the “reflection” of radio waves by the ionosphere (350 km); t is the time; n is the number "pi"; φ is the phase.

Information confirming the possibility of implementing the invention

Under ">>" (a lot more) in the application materials we mean "more than an order of magnitude more."

Simplistically, we can say that the presented invention allows us to build short-wavelength radio extenders for mobile phones of common standards, for example, GSM.

The main claimed technical result - the specified frequency ratio (2) provides the opportunity to implement the optimal encoding mode with minimal loss (in real conditions of signal transmission on a short-wave carrier) of user and service data when matching high-speed and low-speed "streams of information ^" in wireless networks, in particular, when working in encapsulation / decapsulation mode.

Notes.

A) The individual services of the discussed control systems (adapters and transceivers of access points) can be combined into a local network with a distributed architecture, for example, on the basis of Ethernet channels with a single management and administration system, for example, operating in Wi-Fi NT.

B) The inventive device may include the workplace of administrators who are given the opportunity through the switch and the router to connect to the global Internet through Ethernet channels, providing a control function in other areas.

The inventive device can be constructed as follows. It should be noted that, as a rule, this section deals with standard equipment of cellular and trunking networks.

The mobile communication network device (Fig. 1) should include an external network (for example, a GSM network), as a rule, with direct access points 9 to it (in a GSM network, such points are base stations). It can also be used as an external network.

network selected from the following list: network based

satellite systems (for example, Iridium, ICO or Global-

star); mobile telecommunications network (e.g. system

GSM or AMPS, or UMTS, or CDMA themes); network of digital

advanced communications (e.g. based on standard

DECT); trunking network (for example, TETRA systems);

a network based on IP-applications (for example, based on

TCP / IP or UDP protocols), local area network (e.g.

built on the basis of WLAN or WATM technology), stationary

network (e.g. digital audio broadcasting network

DAB or DRM systems or digital video broadcasting network

DVB systems or network for multimedia transmission

_* . objects based on the ILO protocol) or another network not

listed but supporting mobility

night systems.

Also, the device must include access points 7 to

external network with transceivers 3 (which in a private case ¬

tea can be made in the form of embedded nodes then

direct access check to an external network) and served by it

mobile subscriber terminals b having the ability

access to the network through terminal adapters 5, performed- with the possibility of receiving and transmitting high-frequency electromagnetic waves whose frequency satisfies the condition

Z ₁ »30 MHz, (1)

where fι is the frequency of the electromagnetic waves at which the terminal adapters operate. Such waves should provide the ability to transmit elementary signals with a speed of V ₁ ± Av ₁ .

The device may include arbitrary combinations of external networks, in particular, from the above list. In this case, access points should include external network switches containing a central processor, channel controllers, and interface controllers, while such switches should provide operation of connection protocols, data exchange, billing, etc.

In contrast to the known solutions, the adapters of the claimed device in the operating mode are mainly located outside the service area of the external network, and the points mentioned are mainly performed as indirect access points. In this case, transceivers and adapters are capable of exchanging signals with each other and / or between by means of electromagnetic waves with a frequency satisfying the condition

where f _λ - see above, ² "'fг is the frequency of electromagnetic waves through which the connection is made between the transceivers of the access points and the terminal adapters or between the transceivers themselves or between the adapters themselves, n is the number of placements with repetitions in binary code, and n satisfies the condition

2 <n <4, (3)

moreover, such waves provide the ability to transmit elementary signals with a speed of V ₂ ± Δv ₂ , and the terminals and adapters are configured to exchange signals with each other by means of electromagnetic waves with a frequency fι.

Additionally, the claimed device should include blocks matching (such blocks, as a rule, must be present at the access point and in the adapter, see, for example, Fig. 7 pos.32), made with the possibility converting a received signal with a speed of V ₁ ± Av ₁ into at least one transmitted signal with a speed of V ₂ + Av ₂ and, conversely, at least one received signal with a speed of V ₂ ± Av ₂ into a transmitted signal with a speed of V ₁ + Av ₁ .

In addition, the inventive device may include other ground-based infrastructure.

It is important that access points can include special modules (which may include storage devices (mainly operational), microprocessors, etc.) designed to provide emulation of the terminals when they are connected to an external network (creating a virtual access point terminal, see Fig. 1, pos. 8). This is necessary to meet a number of requirements of external networks for maintaining connections, for example, for acceptable delays, etc. taking into account the protocols of the radio channel, dynamic configuration, tunneling, control, in particular, transmission and control messages, base station systems, transmission of multimedia objects, access to the environment, security, etc., etc. Access points can be stationary (in particular, they can be rigidly attached to the terrain). So, for example, they can be located in / near settlements (s) with a population of about 1 million people. and more or 0.5 .. 1.0 million people , or 0.1 .. 0.5 million people

It is also allowed the location of access points in / at settlements (s) with a population of 50 .. 100 thousand people. or 20 .. 50 thousand people, or less than 20 thousand people.

Access points can include interfaces (hereinafter referred to as the interface also means an interface controller) for connecting to a public telephone network with a 2 or 4-wire subscriber line. They can be made with the possibility of connecting modems to them.

Access points may include power modules, typically independent of the operation of the public utility network. In particular, uninterruptible power supply modules can play their role.

Access points can be connected to direct access points to an external network via fiber-optic communication lines or high-speed data buses (providing a transmission speed of the order of 2 Mbps), or cables, as well as via radio, including

number and at a frequency exceeding 2000 MHz. Here follows

Let me reiterate that access points may be

filled in as embedded nodes of direct access points

pa, which greatly simplifies the organization of transmission

formations between them - joining one to another.

Access points may include international modules.

identification of mobile equipment in particular

Subscriber Identity Modules (SIM) - Read Units

identification cards (SMS cards). In this case, pre¬

it is believed that information read from SΙM cards either

must be stored in a dedicated memory, or

more than one must be attached to the mobile terminal

SΙM cards.

Access points may include one or 2 or more

transceivers each. In some cases, they can use¬

local (intrazone) transceivers. So inside

access point transceiver service areas 10 could

be another transceiver of the same or another

If access points whose service area was covered

the first mentioned. Access point transceivers can advantageously be stationary.

Access point transceivers can be made connected to each other via leased lines or through a packet switching network using the X.25 interface or TCP / IP. In particular, such a connection can be used to exchange information about registered adapters, terminals, etc., in order to build the optimal configuration of the short-wave part of the network device. Also, such a connection provides the user with the possibility of arbitrary choice of operator.

Transceivers of access points can have an output power of the order of 10, 100, and 1000 W, depending on the method of forming their service area 4, 10 (Fig. 1).

Access point transceivers can include receivers with a sensitivity of the order of 0.5 μV at a signal-to-noise ratio of 10 dV.

Access point transceivers can include antenna-feeder devices 2, while antennas can be located at a height of 1 to 100 m.

For the purpose of simultaneous servicing of different zones or for the purpose of creating zones of the required configuration and The desired location of at least one transceiver of at least one access point may include a directional antenna. For example, it can be a sector antenna with a narrow radiation pattern or an antenna composed of several antenna elements. In the latter case, in addition, the transceiver must include a signal processing / preparation module for such elements.

Transceivers of access points (in particular, their antennas) can be made with the possibility of establishing radio communication using the "reflection" (multiple refraction) of the radio waves by the ionosphere 1 in order to serve remote areas (over 1000 km or more) of long length, for example, with a radius of R350 - 350 km

Transceivers of access points, for example, 12 (Fig. 2) can be located relative to a nearby settlement, for example St. Petersburg, so that the latter crosses at least one imaginary line connecting this transceiver to the point of its service area 11 or 14. This requires the presence in the immediate vicinity of the transceiver of an area in which there is no reception and from which, as a rule, transmission is impossible, with a length of about 80 km, at the use of ionospheric “reflection” (entering a settlement in such an area is desirable due to the obvious extension of the service area of the external network to it).

In order to use resources more efficiently, at least one transceiver of at least one access point can be configured to service (create) more than one zone (zones 14 and 19 are served by the transceiver of access point 16 of the Moscow operator). Such zones do not have to overlap. So, for example, the transceiver of access point 16 of the Moscow operator (Fig. B) can serve disjoint zones 20 (similarly, transceivers of access points 23 and 24 of the Syktyvkar and Salekhard operators - zones 21 and 22).

Serving a large number of zones increases the throughput of the device.

Indeed, the number of communication channels of the access point is equal to the product of the possible number of channels served by the transceiver of the access point in one zone by the number of zones. Calculations show that if the first is greater than or equal to four, then the second has a practical limitation twenty nothing. Therefore, in the short-wave range with non-overlapping zones, it is possible to have more than 100 voice communication channels per transceiver at the same time.

If we turn to figure 2, we can see that the users located in region 17 have the choice of the resources of both the Petersburg and Moscow operators. The adapter is supposed to support this choice.

On the other hand, servicing a large number of zones makes it possible to optimally load transceivers (Fig. B).

So, for example, the variable during the day the workload of the Moscow, Syktyvkar and Salekhard operators allows using the distributed resources with this approach.

In this regard, transceivers must be designed in such a way that at least two. of them can serve the same region 13, 15, 17, 18 of one zone or the same zone 14.

Access point transceivers may include amplifiers. Access point transceivers may include non-volatile memory modules for storing service information.

Transceivers of access points can be configured to provide automatic roaming.

Access point transceivers can be built in a modular manner, allowing upgrades and repairs by replacing modules. However, they may include the following modules: scrambler / vocoder / speech codec; telephone interface; a control module including a system controller; voice channel switch; system interface diagnostic module; digital access switch; packet switch; scheduling module; an object location registration module (hereinafter, in particular, geographical coordinates); a memory module for storing location information of direct access points; timer; a module for storing and updating the frequency schedule and reception and transmission modes.

Transceivers of access points can be made with the ability to dispatch services of similar devices. Transceivers of access points can be made with the possibility of synchronous (in frequency) broadcasting.

Transceivers of access points operating at the same frequency in those cases when the ionospheric "reflection" is not used can be spaced at a distance greater than or equal to the average radius of their zones.

In order to optimize the use of the radio frequency resource, the transceivers of access points can be configured to service (receive and transmit) 2 or more (4, b) voice channels in a band of about 24 kHz.

Transceivers of access points can be configured to serve up to 16 communication channels (served by one transceiver) for each zone when they are dynamically allocated. Theoretical calculations show that when using modern methods of sharing access, it is possible to organize 32 channels.

Communication channels can be equipped with a linear interface.

Access point transceivers may include channel controllers that organize calls for the latter, while such controllers may include memory, the capacity of which allows servicing a database, for example, containing information about 20 million subscribers.

Channel controllers can be configured to exchange databases (for example, in relation to subscribers), for which they can include a common data bus. In another design, they can exchange data (in particular, with the controllers of transceiver channels of other access points) over the air.

Channel controllers can be made with the possibility of constructing transceiver systems of access points of linear or beam configuration or with the possibility of their cross-connections. Moreover, the channel controllers can be made with the possibility of centralized or distributed processing of information.

Channel controllers can be configured to dispatch frequency and time resources of an access point transceiver system. Moreover, they can be configured to hold the latter for the entire communication session or for the duration of one transmission.

Channel controllers may be configured to verify user identifiers. Channel controllers can be made compatible with personal computers.

The generalized diagram of the terminal adapters may have the form shown in Fig. 7.

Adapters may be configured to connect to more than one terminal.

Adapters may include an alphanumeric keyboard. Such a keyboard, in particular, can be used to enter and send short messages (for example, SMS). To do this, serviced terminals must be registered in the adapters.

In order to adapt to the conditions of the rapid development and spread of mobile, in particular cellular, communications operating at frequencies much greater than 30 MHz, the claimed device is made with •• the possibility of complementary combination with external networks.

For this, the adapters can be configured to detect (detect and recognize) the carrier f _lf blocking the connection of the corresponding adapter with the terminal (putting the adapter into idle mode).

Also for this, adapters can be configured to determine the output. ^• served their termi- catch to the external network despite the fact that the fact of the specified output leads to blocking the communication of the adapter with the terminal.

Another solution suggests that adapters may include location modules for adapters 26, for example, GPS (global navigation and positioning system). At the same time, adapters can include modules for estimating the distance from adapters to the nearest points of direct access to an external network (or to the borders of the corresponding zone). Moreover, such modules can be an integral part of the control module 29. In this case, the specified distance should determine the priority or probability of the connection of the corresponding adapter with the transceiver of the access point. Adapters may include a processor for this purpose.

Adapters may include a memory module for storing information about the location of points of direct access to an external network, in particular, about the coordinates of the boundaries of service areas of an external network. Such coordinates can also be calculated with the known configuration of the service area of the point of direct access to external network (in particular, along its radius, for example, along R35 (km) - Fig. 1) and the coordinates of this point.

Adapters can be configured for multiple access with carrier detection f ₂ .

Adapters can be configured to integrate terminals operating in different frequency ranges, for example, at a frequency fi 'and U ₁ ''(Fig. L).

Adapters may include broadcast information receivers 27.

Adapters can be made in the form of an individual device, in particular, built into the car interior.

Adapters may include power modules 28 from the network with a voltage selected from the list 220, 24, 12 V.

Adapters may include adapter controllers based on microprocessor chips and programmable non-volatile memory modules (logic modules). Such controllers may be included in the adapter control module 29.

Adapters can be made with the possibility of remote listening and include connectors for connecting fire alarm sensors. Adapters may include modules for international identification of mobile equipment 30, in particular, subscriber identity modules. In this case, as in the case of transceivers of access points, electronic memory can be additionally used or physical copies of SIM cards can be used.

Adapters may include beacons 25 (passive or active) operating with the service part of the signals of the transceivers of access points (with a pilot signal), which, being returned (reflected by the beacon or re-radiated by it) to the said transceiver (and, therefore, received by the latter), will determine the optimal the range of operating frequencies, as well as elevation angles and azimuth of targeting the antennas of the said transceivers, in addition, the adapters must include a control module 29, configured to output the adapter on and the mentioned range (output of the adapter to the optimum operating frequency - the frequency at which the corresponding transceiver of the access point will communicate with it) at the corresponding service request of the transceiver of the access point. Adapters can include transceivers for adapters, while the latter can have an output power of the order of 1, 10, or 100 W, depending on which zone they are located in according to the principle of creating.

The adapter transceivers can include antenna-feeder devices (in particular, additional ones), while the adapter transceiver antennas can be located at a height of 1 to 100 m.An antenna of the shortwave transceiver 31 is predominantly located at a higher height, while the decimeter 33 antennas are located at a lower height.

To improve communication quality, antennas of predominantly short-wave transceivers adapters can be made with the possibility of their installation at different heights. So, for example, they can be made with the possibility of their attachment to an air probe, mainly disposable.

Adapter transceivers can include receivers with a sensitivity of the order of 0.5 μV at a signal-to-noise ratio of 10 dV, performed by the rto superheterodyne circuit.

Adapters may also include integrated receive / decode modules. Adapter transceivers can include comparators to help you select the best transceiver signal for your access points.

In particular, to maintain mobility, the transceivers of the adapters can be configured to switch frequencies (channels) when moving the adapter from the coverage area of one transceiver of the access point to the coverage area of another. Note. Switching the frequencies of the adapters is expected during the day, and during the year, and when solar activity changes, and so on. in accordance with the response of the beacon or according to the schedule according to the commands of the transceiver.

In order to more efficiently use the radio frequency resource, transceivers (both access points and adapters) can be configured to organize up to 16 logical channels on one frequency channel and include data compression modules (in particular, speech stream).

Transceivers can be made with the possibility of using a control channel combined with the transmission of user data, in which .. service information The unit is transmitted in the frequency band below the frequency band of the speech signal.

Transceivers can include microprocessors, which are responsible for controlling the modules and nodes of transceivers (including frequency synthesizers, noise reduction keys, modulating signal conditioners, etc.), depending on the operating modes. In adapters, such microprocessors can be located in the control module.

Transceivers can be configured to digitally process the signal and capable of supporting digital voice transmission. To do this, they may include modules for digital encoding of information.

Transceivers can be performed with a spacing of the frequencies of reception and transmission.

Transceivers can be made with communication channels with a width of the order of 2, 4, b, 12, 24 kHz with forbidden intervals corresponding to the specified order width.

Transceivers (mainly access points) can be made loaded on two antennas (on the receiving and transmitting). Transceivers (mainly adapters) can include one antenna and one duplex filter and / or antenna switch.

Transceivers (mainly adapters) may include combiner systems consisting of a receiving amplifier, a distributor, and a duplex filter and used to add radiation from several transmitters to one antenna.

Transceivers can be made in such a way that the frequency of the electromagnetic waves, through which the communication between them is satisfied, satisfies the condition

ZJIHz <f ₂ <56MHz. (four)

Transceivers can be made in such a way that the transmission speed of elementary signals at a low frequency [f ₂ ) V ₂ ± Δv ₂ will satisfy the condition

Transceivers can be made with the possibility of transmitting embedded control data - packing service information into a call.

Transceivers may include synchronization modules. Transceivers can be made with the possibility of multiplexing with spatial, frequency, time and code (in particular, using orthogonal codes), as well as with mixed separation of communication channels (in order to prevent overlapping of their interference zones).

Transceivers can be configured to implement spread spectrum technology using the direct sequence method (pseudo noise).

Transceivers can be configured to implement spread spectrum technology with frequency hopping at a residence time of the order of 1 / f _∑ . In this case, the transceivers may include correlators and decision modules regarding correlator signals.

To implement this technology, transceivers may include controlled synthesizers of carrier frequencies.

In order to share the access of different users, transceivers can be configured to dispatch frequency and time resources based on a priority system, for example, determined depending on the distance from terminals to external service areas W

56 her network. In particular, for this, transceivers may include multiprocessor complexes.

To support QoS, transceiver receivers may include frame (bit) detection modules configured to recover data.

As the terminals can be used devices selected from the list including: mobile phones; portable notebooks, laptops or other mobile devices.

Terminals may include a keyboard for entering data.

Terminals may include an interface for independent connection to an external network. Important in the inventive device is that it expands the area of possible access to an external network, suggesting the distribution of points of direct access to such networks to densely populated areas of service areas.

So, terminals can include modules for international identification of mobile equipment, in particular, subscriber identification modules and modules for determining the location of terminals, for example, GPS systems, and adapters can include modules for estimating the distance from terminals to the nearest direct access points (or the boundaries of their service areas, for example, the boundaries of the GSM network service areas), while the specified distance determines the priority or probability (for example, O, 6, 25, 56 or 100%) of the connection of the corresponding adapter with a transceiver access point (Fig.Z).

Terminals and adapters can be made in such a way that the frequency of electromagnetic waves at which the adapters communicate with the terminals will satisfy the condition

300MHz <Z ₁ <20000MHz. (b)

In this case the transmission rate ^'chips at high frequencies ¹ ^ f ₁₎ V ₁ ± Av ₁ may satisfy the condition

2kbps "v _v (7)

Terminals and adapters can be configured to exchange signals with each other by means of electromagnetic waves with a frequency selected from the ranges of 700..1000 MHz and 1500..2500 MHz. To transmit information presented in a high-frequency signal coming from a terminal or from a direct access point to an external network through a short-wave signal, adapters and access points use matching blocks (high-speed and low-speed signals), which can include digital modulation modules configured for amplitude and / or frequency and / or phase shift keying.

In a similar way, the tasks of encoding data are being solved today in order to increase the likelihood of their error-free reception. For example, matching blocks may include amplitude manipulation modules, made in our case with the possibility of using a quadruple code, which implies expansion * of the spectrum (we transmit more data to the “slow” signal due to band expansion).

Matching units may include frequency shift keying modules configured to generate a signal without phase discontinuity or with a minimum shift.

Matching blocks may include binary phase-shift keying modules; in addition to ETQM, they must also include phase-locked loop modules. Matching units may be configured to frequency-encode sequences comprising three or more elementary signals. In this case, the matching blocks should include Gaussian filters.

Matching blocks can be made with the possibility of phase coding sequences including three or more elementary signals. Can be used phase coding with a shift in n / 2 (45 °).

Matching blocks may be configured with gradient phase shift keying. So, the sequence (for example, the triad - Fig. 4) of the input high-speed data stream can be encoded by changing the phase change rate (Fig. 5) of the output of the matching unit, while the phase constancy within the transmission of the elementary signal (not shown) can serve the purpose of synchronizing or transmitting service information. In this case, decoding can be carried out using the reference signal, as well as implementing the methods of Fourier analysis and least squares. The figure assumes that the transmission speed of the elementary signal at a high frequency is three times higher than the transmission rate of the elementary signal at low. The scale of Fig. 4 and 5 are consistent. In this case, the phase change can be carried out according to the "synoidal" law (as shown in figure 5). When repeating the triad in the presented embodiment, the manipulations continue the “continuous” phase change due to the periodicity of this function.

Matching units may be modulated on multiple carriers.

The device can be made in the form of a large-scale network, including many transceivers and several access points, while in one zone it can have at least 4 channels, while the total number of channels in the network must be at least 40.

The device can be performed on the principle of heterogeneous networks.

The device can be made with a fixed frequency distribution. On this principle, the service of zone 4 (Fig. 1) and its analogous ones, including centrosymmetric zones, can be built.

In order to create a large-scale short-wave network, the device can be made with distributed An architecture that allows you to connect different access points through their transceivers.

The device may include a dispatching and / or operator console.

The device can be configured to authenticate subscribers and messages.

The device may include a maintenance and operation terminal (providing access control, configuration management, tracking subscriber traffic, call accounting, equipment monitoring) with a graphical interface configured to display the current network topology.

The inventive device of a mobile communication network can operate as follows.

A user equipped with a terminal adapter, wishing to connect to an external network using a terminal (for example, a mobile phone) registered in the usual way in such a network, and also additionally in a short-wave mobility extension cable: either at an access point, for example, using its module international identification of mobile equipment, either in an adapter similarly or by saving an electronic copy of, for example, an SΙM card, or otherwise, carries out regular manipulations.

Moreover, if it is located in the service area of a point of direct access to an external network (for example, in the service area of a base station), then the specified connection is established normally - direct radio contact is made between the terminal and the point of direct access to the external network.

The adapter is then inoperative. This can be provided by various techniques. For example, the adapter can detect the terminal’s output to the external network directly or it can evaluate the possibility of such an output, for example, by recognizing the carrier f _lr on which the external network is working, or by estimating the distance from the adapter or terminal (thanks to the use of the GPS module) to the borders of the nearest coverage area external network or to the nearest point of direct access to it.

If the terminal does not connect to the external network (if, for example, the terminal is outside the coverage area of the external network), the adapter enters the operating mode and, receiving at the operating frequency of the terminal (at external network frequency - at a high frequency) a request to establish a connection using short-wave radio communication transmits this request to the nearest transceiver of the access point.

At the same time, in the adapter matching unit, the received “high-speed” signal of the terminal is converted to a “low-speed” signal of the short-wave transceiver of the adapter, as a rule, without loss of information and, possibly, with encapsulation.

Through a system of transceivers (connected using short radio waves or dedicated communication lines) or directly from the first transceiver with which the adapter has connected, the signal after processing, in particular after decapsulation, is transmitted to the access point module, designed to emulate the operation of the terminals, which activates the creation of a virtual terminal that supports the regular exchange of information between the terminal and the point of direct access to the external network.

An attempt is made to establish a connection between the virtual terminal and the direct access point to the external network. If such a connection succeeds, then through the adapter and the access point with transceivers, a communication channel is established between the terminal and the direct access point to the external network, which, exchanging information with a virtual terminal (with an electronic copy, for example, a mobile phone), does not notice the user’s remoteness, in particular, perceiving temporary breaks in the flow of information from the latter, associated with delays in establishing and maintaining the channel, as temporary pauses. In this case, the user normally enters and leaves the communication session.

When a request is initiated by an external network, when the terminal is in the service area of its direct access point, the connection is established normally. In the case of interest to us, the difference between the scenario of establishing a communication session from the described one is that the external network (and not the terminal) initiates the activation of creating a virtual terminal at the access point or communicates with it if it is supposed to be created while the terminal is in the range of the decimeter transceiver of the adapter and the last in the coverage area of the transceiver access points. Moreover, if the (physical) terminal itself is accessible (via a shortwave mobility extension cable), then a connection is established latently for the external network, and it seems to connect to the “dialogue” between the virtual terminal and the external network, while all delays are “covered” by the virtual terminal.

Otherwise (when the terminal is unavailable), the connection is terminated - not the physical terminal, but its electronic copy always answers the external network request with the readiness to establish the connection.

When working with the inventive device, the user is provided with a number of additional features.

So, for example, being in region 14 (Fig. 2) of simultaneously overlapping service areas for transceivers of access points of St. Petersburg and Moscow operators, referring to the adapter controls, he can arbitrarily choose through whom to establish a connection to an external network. If it’s native to him to enter the external network through the St. Petersburg operator, then it is obvious that it is economically more expedient to establish connections with the external network through him. It is allows you to go to an external network at the rates applicable in St. Petersburg.

And here it is appropriate to emphasize again that one transceiver can serve many (10, 20 and more) zones, and this does not affect its bandwidth, limited by the bandwidth, for example, of the fiber-optic communication line of an access point with a direct access point to an external network.

For example, a user of a mobile phone registered in the cellular network of Moscow at Moscow rates can be serviced at a distance exceeding thousands of kilometers from Moscow — the cost of introducing and operating a short-wave extension cord is comparable to the cost of servicing GSM base stations.

Otherwise (for example, when the speed of establishing a connection is important or when access to an external network at any point is required), it can also enter an external network through a foreign operator. So, for example, being in the area 17 of overlapping pairs of zones of St. Petersburg and Moscow operators, the user can be provided first freed channel. This mode can also be selected arbitrarily.

In particular, this mode can be maintained when organizing a uniform network load throughout the day, taking into account time zones. So, for example, being in one of the zones 21 (Fig. B) near Syktyvkar, the user can resort to the services of both Syktyvkar and Moscow and Salekhard operators, at least one of which is less busy due to the time shift. The choice of operator can also be made depending on the resources available (taking into account the current workload of the transceivers of access points) latently for a user who may not be aware of which operator's transceiver of the access point is currently serving it.

The claimed device will be able to occupy its niche in the market only if it can be used to provide inexpensive mobile communications to sparsely populated areas of the Russian Federation.

For this, it provides for the use of location modules for the adapter and / or terminal with the ability to estimate the distance to service areas external network, despite the fact that the specified distance determines the priority or probability of establishing an appropriate connection.

This solution eliminates the overload of the short-wave part of the device by users located in densely populated areas near the points of direct access to the external network. Moreover, the distribution of the probability of access is inversely proportional to the square of the specified distance (see Fig. 3). The optimal result is achieved by taking into account the real distribution of the population in the service area of the transceiver of the access point.

Obviously, the essence of the problem requires the unconditional inclusion of this function.

The main effect when using the inventive device, the authors associate with the ability to service large areas of the area, which is achieved due to the effect of "reflection" of radio waves from the ionosphere. The organization of reliable radio communications in an appropriate mode requires the fulfillment of various conditions. One solution to the problem is to use beacons in the adapters or in the intended service areas. In this embodiment, the device can operate as follows. The access point transceiver scans the frequency range and changes the parameters of the radiation pattern. The corresponding response of the beacon received by the transceiver allows you to select the optimal values of these parameters, which are transmitted to the adapter control module by transmitting a service signal, putting the latter into the desired mode. This procedure is performed automatically without user intervention.

In conclusion, we should mention the possibility of using the adapter as a digital receiver of broadcast information (see Fig. 7, item 27), for example, the DRM standard, which allows us to consider it as a modern alternative to car radios.

The relationship of the distinguishing features with the claimed technical result is shown in the table on the last page of the description of the invention (the technical result is indicated in the order of its mention in the first part of the Summary of the Invention, and the numbering of the distinguishing features corresponds to their grouping according to the claims of the claims). In that which was not reflected in the table, according to the applicant, the connection of the distinguishing features with the claimed technical result is obvious.

It should be noted that the claimed technical result is mainly of a qualitative nature.

To build a mobile communication network with 100% coverage of the territory of Russia, it will take from 3 to 5 years after the completion of development work in relation to the claimed device.

The inventive device will remain relevant until the spread of cellular communications in areas with a population density of about 1 .. 5 people. 10 km.

To build a global (federal) network, total investments of the order of several hundred million USD will be required.

The short-wavelength extension cable for mobility suggests the possibility of combining it with mobile terminals of any known type.

The probability of establishing a connection from sparsely populated areas should be 100% on the first try.

The rest of the claimed device must satisfy the existing QoS parameters. The inventive coordination unit must ensure the transformation of information flows without loss of user data at the hardware level.

One short-wave transceiver of the claimed device should increase the service area of a modern base GSM station installed in rural areas by 100 times or more in area.

The inventive device should provide the ability to provide cellular services away from land up to 600 km without a noticeable increase in tariffs (the cost of one minute of service with a short-wave mobility extension cable should be approximately 0.05 USD).

30 .. 90% of the claimed device can be tied to existing infrastructure.

The proposed coding algorithms should not significantly expand the frequency band of the signals.

When using the distributed resource mode, the overload / underload of the transceivers of access points should not exceed 30 .. 50%.

After the full implementation of the inventive device in the territory of the Russian Federation, there should not be places from which access to cellular networks would be impossible. W

>

ABOUT

H

Claims

CLAIM

1. The device of a mobile communication network, including an external network and access points to it with transceivers, as well as mobile subscriber terminals and terminal adapters, while the latter are configured to receive and transmit high-frequency electromagnetic waves [with a frequency satisfying the condition f ₁ " 30 MHz, (1)

where Jf ₁ is the frequency of electromagnetic waves at which the terminal adapters operate], which provide the possibility of transmitting elementary signals with a speed of V ₁ ± Av _{1 f} characterized in that the said adapters in the operating mode are mainly located outside the coverage area of the external network, and the points are mainly indirect access points to the external network, while the above-mentioned transceivers and adapters are configured to exchange signals with each other and / or between themselves by means of electromagnetic waves with a frequency, satisfying the condition

SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 26)

where fх - see above, f ₂ ~ frequency of electromagnetic waves, through which the connection is made between transceivers of access points and terminal adapters or between the transceivers themselves, or between the adapters themselves, n is the number of arrangements with repetitions in binary code, and n satisfies the condition

2 <n <4, (3)

and such waves provide the possibility of transmitting elementary signals with a speed of V ₂ ± Δv _2r and the said terminals and adapters are configured to exchange signals with each other by means of electromagnetic waves with a frequency of f _lf while the said device further includes matching blocks configured to convert the received signal with said speed V ₁ ± Av ₁ into at least one transmitted signal with said speed V ₂ ± Δv ₂ and, conversely, at least one received signal with

SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 26) the implanted speed V ₂ ± Av ₂ into the transmitted signal with said speed V ₁ ± Av ₁ .

2. The device according to p. 1, characterized in that the access points include modules designed to emulate the operation of the terminals when they are connected to an external network.

3. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the access points are mainly located in / at settlements! S) with the number of inhabitants, about 1 million people. and more.

4. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the access points are mainly located in / in settlements (s) with a population of 0.5 .. 1.0 million people.

5. The device according to p. 1, characterized in that the access points are mainly located in / in settlements (s) with a population of 0.1 .. 0.5 million people.

6. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the access points are made in the form of embedded nodes of direct access points to an external network.

7. The device according to p. 1, characterized in that the access points include modules for the international identification of mobile equipment.

SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 26)

8. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the transceivers of access points are predominantly stationary.

9. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the transceivers of the access points are made connected to each other via dedicated communication lines.

10. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the transceivers of access points include antenna-feeder devices, while the antennas are located at a height of 1 to 100 m.

11. The device according to claim 10, characterized in that _f at least one transceiver of at least one access point includes a directional antenna.

12. The device according to p. 10 or 11, characterized in that the transceivers of the access points are configured to establish radio communications using the "reflection" of the radio waves by the ionosphere.

13. The device according to p. 12, characterized in that the transceivers of the access points are preferably located relative to the nearby settlement so that the latter crosses at least

SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 26) one imaginary line connecting this transceiver to a point in its zone.

14. The device according to claim 11, characterized in that at least one transceiver of at least one access point is configured to serve more than one zone.

15. The device according to 14, characterized in that the transceivers are designed in such a way that at least two of them serve the same area of the same zone or the same zone.

16. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the transceivers of access points are configured to service (receive and transmit) 2 or more voice channels in a band of about 24 kHz.

17. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the transceivers of access points are configured to serve up to 16 communication channels per zone when they are dynamically allocated.

18. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the transceivers of the access points include channel controllers, the latter being configured to dispatch frequency and time resources of the system of transceivers of access points.

SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 26)

19. The device according to p. 1, characterized in that the adapters are configured to connect to more than one terminal.

20. The device according to p. 1, characterized in that the adapters are configured to detect and recognize the carrier f _lr blocking the connection of the corresponding adapter with the terminal.

21. The device according to p. 1, characterized in that the adapters are configured to determine the output of the terminals they serve to the external network, while the fact of the specified output leads to blocking the communication of the adapter with the terminal.

22. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the adapters include modules for determining the location of the adapters.

23. The device according to item 22, wherein the adapters include modules for estimating the distance from the adapters to the nearest direct access points to the external network, while the specified distance determines the priority or probability of the connection of the corresponding adapter with the transceiver of the access point.

SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 26)

24. The device according to item 22, wherein the adapters include a memory module for storing information about the location of the points of direct access to an external network.

25. The device according to p. 1, characterized in that the adapters are configured to integrate terminals operating in different frequency ranges.

26. The device according to p. 1, characterized in that the adapters include receivers of broadcast information.

27. The device according to p. 1, characterized in that the adapters include modules for the international identification of mobile equipment.

28. The device according to p. 1, characterized in that the adapters include beacons that work with the service part of the signals of the transceivers of access points (with a pilot signal), and the adapters further include a control unit configured to output the adapter to the optimal operating frequency at the corresponding service frequency request transceiver access points.

29. The device according to p. 1, characterized in that the adapters include transceivers adapters with antennas, while the latter are located at a height of from 1 to 100 m

SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 26)

30. The device according to clause 29, wherein the antennas of the transceivers of the adapters are made with the possibility of their installation at different heights.

31. The device according to p. 30, characterized in that, the antennas of the transceivers of the adapters are made with the possibility of their attachment to the air probe, mainly disposable.

32. The device according to pp. L or 29, characterized in that the transceivers are configured to organize up to 16 logical channels on one frequency and include data compression modules.

33. The device according to claims 1 or 29, characterized in that the transceivers are designed in such a way that the frequency of the electromagnetic waves through which communication between them is satisfied satisfies the condition

3MHz </ ₂ <56MHz. (four)

34. The device according to claims 1 or 29, characterized in that the transceivers are designed in such a way that the transmission speed of elementary signals at a low frequency (f ₂ ) V ₂ ± Δv ₂ satisfies the condition

SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 26) 2kbp $ <v ₂ <wkbps. (5)

35. The device according to π.pl or 29, characterized in that the transceivers are configured to dispatch frequency and time resources based on a priority system.

36. The device according to p. 1, characterized in that the terminals include modules for determining the location of the terminals.

37. The device according to clause 36, wherein the terminals include modules for estimating the distance from the terminals to the nearest direct access points to the external network, while the specified distance determines the priority or probability of connecting the corresponding adapter with the transceiver of the access point.

38. The device according to p. 1, characterized in that the terminals and adapters are made in such a way that the frequency of the electromagnetic waves at which the adapters communicate with the terminals satisfies the condition

300MHz <Z ₁ <20000MHz. (b)

SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 26)

39. The device according to p. l, characterized in that the terminals and adapters are designed in such a way that the transmission speed of elementary signals at a high frequency I f ₁ ) V ₁ ± Av ₁ satisfies the condition

2 kbps "v _v (7)

40. The device according to p. 1, characterized in that the terminals and adapters are configured to exchange signals with each other by means of electromagnetic waves with a frequency selected from the ranges 700..1000 MHz and 1500..2500 MHz.

41. The device according to p. 1, characterized in that the matching blocks include digital modulation modules, configured for amplitude and / or frequency and / or phase manipulation.

42. The device according to p. 1, characterized in that the matching blocks include amplitude manipulation modules, configured to use a quadruple code.

43. The device according to p. 1, characterized in that the matching blocks include frequency manipulation modules,

SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 26) made with the possibility of creating a signal without phase discontinuity or with a minimum shift.

44. The device according to p. 1, characterized in that the matching blocks include binary phase-shift keying modules, and in addition they include phase-locked loop modules.

45. The device according to p. 1, characterized in that the matching blocks are arranged for frequency coding of sequences comprising three or more elementary signals.

46. The device according to p. 1, characterized in that the matching blocks include Gaussian filters.

47. The device according to p. 1, characterized in that the matching blocks are made with the possibility of phase coding sequences containing three or more elementary signals.

48. The device according to p. 1, characterized in that the matching blocks are made with the possibility of gradient phase manipulation.

49. The device according to p. 1, characterized in that the blocks matching are made with the possibility of modulation on several carriers.

SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 26)

50. The device according to p. 1, characterized in that it is made with a distributed architecture that allows you to connect different access points through their transceivers.

SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 26)