WO2010094362A1 - Gas sensor having wireless data transfer - Google Patents

Gas sensor having wireless data transfer Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2010094362A1
WO2010094362A1 PCT/EP2009/067103 EP2009067103W WO2010094362A1 WO 2010094362 A1 WO2010094362 A1 WO 2010094362A1 EP 2009067103 W EP2009067103 W EP 2009067103W WO 2010094362 A1 WO2010094362 A1 WO 2010094362A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
measuring device
transponder
measuring
sensor element
gas
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2009/067103
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Eckart Reihlen
Verena Schmidt
Johannes Grabis
Lothar Diehl
Original Assignee
Robert Bosch Gmbh
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication of WO2010094362A1 publication Critical patent/WO2010094362A1/en

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N27/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
    • G01N27/26—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating electrochemical variables; by using electrolysis or electrophoresis
    • G01N27/403—Cells and electrode assemblies
    • G01N27/406—Cells and probes with solid electrolytes
    • G01N27/407—Cells and probes with solid electrolytes for investigating or analysing gases
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01K—MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01K1/00—Details of thermometers not specially adapted for particular types of thermometer
    • G01K1/02—Means for indicating or recording specially adapted for thermometers
    • G01K1/024—Means for indicating or recording specially adapted for thermometers for remote indication
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01K—MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01K13/00—Thermometers specially adapted for specific purposes
    • G01K13/02—Thermometers specially adapted for specific purposes for measuring temperature of moving fluids or granular materials capable of flow
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01K—MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01K13/00—Thermometers specially adapted for specific purposes
    • G01K13/02—Thermometers specially adapted for specific purposes for measuring temperature of moving fluids or granular materials capable of flow
    • G01K13/024—Thermometers specially adapted for specific purposes for measuring temperature of moving fluids or granular materials capable of flow of moving gases
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N27/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
    • G01N27/26—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating electrochemical variables; by using electrolysis or electrophoresis
    • G01N27/403—Cells and electrode assemblies
    • G01N27/406—Cells and probes with solid electrolytes
    • G01N27/4062—Electrical connectors associated therewith
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
    • G01N33/0004—Gaseous mixtures, e.g. polluted air
    • G01N33/0009—General constructional details of gas analysers, e.g. portable test equipment
    • G01N33/0073—Control unit therefor
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01K—MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01K2205/00—Application of thermometers in motors, e.g. of a vehicle
    • G01K2205/04—Application of thermometers in motors, e.g. of a vehicle for measuring exhaust gas temperature

Definitions

  • the invention is based on a measuring device for measuring at least one physical property of a measuring gas, in particular the temperature and / or the concentration of a gas component of the measuring gas, according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • a known measuring device of this type (DE 197 17 036 A1) electrical connection lines are present between the sensor element and the measurement gas remote control and evaluation circuit, on the one hand transmitted by the sensor element in the form of electrical signals measured data and on the other hand, a heating voltage to a in Sensor element integrated, electric heater is placed.
  • the connecting lines are combined to form a flexible cable tree, which is pressed into a housing receiving the sensor element and is covered by a heat-resistant molded hose in the vicinity of the housing.
  • the sensor element may be any sensor element for measuring a physical quantity, e.g. in an electrochemical sensor for determining the oxygen content or concentration in exhaust gases of internal combustion engines, e.g. from DE 199 41 051 A1 or 199 30 636 A1 is known, or in a temperature sensor for monitoring the temperature of exhaust gases of an internal combustion engine, as described in DE 199 34 1 10 C2, be used.
  • the measuring device according to the invention for measuring at least one physical property of a measuring gas has the advantage that the in the known th measuring devices existing, flexible cable harness is saved, the production and assembly technology is an expensive component and when using the measuring device in motor vehicles in a relatively large variety of types for the different vehicle variants must be maintained.
  • a weight saving is also achieved in the measuring device according to the invention, which has an advantageous effect above all on small, lightweight vehicles, such as motorcycles.
  • the control unit contained in the evaluation electronics can be arranged relatively far away from the hot exhaust gas line in motor vehicles and thus the requirements for the temperature stability of the evaluation electronics can be kept low.
  • On the sensor element itself are no temperature-resistant, flexible sealing parts made of Viton, Teflon and the like. Provide, rather need not be flexible seals and can be realized by means of ceramics, which are the plastics significantly superior in temperature resistance.
  • the wireless data transmission path between the sensor element and evaluation amplifies the possibilities of use of the measuring device, so that this e.g. can also be used in stationary heating systems, for example for measuring the exhaust gas temperature.
  • the wireless data transmission between the sensor element and the evaluation electronics is implemented by means of the radio-frequency identification (RFID).
  • RFID radio-frequency identification
  • the so-called RFID technology is widely used and is e.g. used for animal, goods and vehicle identification. Due to the widespread use of RFID technology, commercially available, inexpensive components can be used to realize the wireless data transmission path.
  • the transmitter has a transmitter and the sensor element is connected to a transponder, wherein there is an electromagnetic coupling between the transmitter and the transponder.
  • the sensor element has a Nernst cell and / or a resistance meander or a thermocouple.
  • the Nernst cell lambda information can be obtained from the Nernst voltage and / or the exhaust gas temperature can be detected via the internal resistance of the Nernst cell.
  • the transponder has a microchip and at least one capacitor connected in parallel to the microchip.
  • the measured data output by the sensor element are transmitted by the transponder
  • Microchip transmitted by radio pulses The periods between the radio pulses are used to charge the at least one capacitor, so that sufficient transmission power can be retrieved for the next radio pulse.
  • the transponder is designed as a passive transponder, which receives the energy for operating the microchip and for data exchange from the electromagnetic field generated by the transponder.
  • the transponder can be designed as an active transponder, which receives the energy for operating the microchip and for data exchange from an integrated energy source.
  • This energy source may be the Nernst voltage of the Nernst cell, but also a so-called energy harvester, e.g. its energy from the vibrations of the exhaust system of the internal combustion engine gains in a motor vehicle.
  • the drawing shows a block diagram of a measuring device for measuring a physical property of a measuring gas.
  • the sketched in the block diagram measuring device for measuring a physical property of a measuring gas has a sensor element 1 1, which is exposed to the measuring gas and as measurement data provides electrical signals that a
  • the sensor element 1 1 has a Nernst cell 12, which is exposed to the exhaust gas of an internal combustion engine of a motor vehicle and whose Nernst voltage is a measure of the oxygen partial pressure and thus of the oxygen concentration in the exhaust gas of an internal combustion engine.
  • the Nernst cell 12 is symbolic in the drawing by its internal resistance R 1 and its voltage
  • the sensor element 11 may also have a meander in the form of an electrical resistance path or a thermocouple.
  • Measurement data are converted in a transmitter 13 into measured variables (lambda information or temperature).
  • the data transmission path between sensor element 11 and transmitter 13 is wireless.
  • the wireless data transmission path is realized by per se known means of radio frequency identification (RFID). Consequently, the transmitter 13 has a
  • Transmitter 14 and the sensor element 11 is connected to a transponder 15. Between the transponder 15 and the transmitter 14 there is an electromagnetic coupling, which is made via antennas 16, 17, of which one antenna 16 is assigned to the transmitter 14 and one antenna 17 to the transponder 15.
  • the transponder 15 has, in a known manner, a microchip 18 to which the measured quantity (voltage) of the sensor element 11 (Nernst cell 12) is fed and which transmits the measured variable of the sensor element 11 as radio pulses to the transmitter 14.
  • the duration of the radio pulses is in the ⁇ s range.
  • the microchip 18 is preferably connected in parallel with at least one capacitor 19, which is charged in the periods between the radio pulses, so that a sufficient transmission power can be obtained for the respective next radio pulse.
  • the transponder 15 is designed as a passive RFID transponder, which receives the energy for operating the microchip 18 and for data exchange from the electromagnetic field generated by the transmitter 14.
  • the transponder 15 can also be embodied as a so-called active RFID transponder which receives the energy for operating the microchip 18 and for data exchange from an energy source assigned to it.
  • the Nernst cell 12 can be used by generating the transmission power of the transponder 15 from the Nernst voltage. is rationed.
  • a device for generating electrical energy, which has an electrochemical or Nernst cell exposed to a combustion gas, is described, for example, in DE 10 2007 014 760 A1.
  • a battery or a power harvester of known design, which extracts energy from the environment, such as from vibrations, shocks, heat or radiation.
  • the measuring device in motor vehicles of the energy harvester is preferably designed so that it wins with suitable micro generators energy from the vibrations of the exhaust system or exhaust manifold.
  • the sensor element 11 and the transponder 15 with microchip 18 and capacitor 19 - and in the case of an active RFID transponder also the energy source - are structurally combined to form a probe 20 which is arranged in the exhaust tract of the internal combustion engine when used in motor vehicles.
  • the probe 20 is preferably arranged in a bypass of the exhaust gas line, in which colder exhaust gas flows in order to reduce the temperature load on the probe 20.

Abstract

The invention relates to a measuring device for measuring at least one physical property of a measurement gas, in particular the temperature and/or the concentration of a gas component of the measurement gas, comprising at least one sensor element (11) exposed to the measurement gas and outputting measurement data, analysis electronics (13) removed from the measurement gas, and a data transfer route between the sensor element (11) and the analysis electronics (13). In order to spare the flexible, temperature-proof cable harness typically used for known measuring devices of this kind, said harness being an expensive component both in production and in assembly, and requiring a large variety of styles to be stocked, the data transfer route is wireless and preferably implemented by means of radio frequency identification.

Description

Beschreibung description
Titeltitle
GASSENSOR MIT DRAHTLOSER DATENÜBERTRAGUNG Stand der TechnikGAS SENSOR WITH WIRELESS DATA TRANSMISSION State of the art
Die Erfindung geht aus von einer Messvorrichtung zur Messung mindestens einer physikalischen Eigenschaft eines Messgases, insbesondere der Temperatur und/oder der Konzentration einer Gaskomponente des Messgases, nach dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1.The invention is based on a measuring device for measuring at least one physical property of a measuring gas, in particular the temperature and / or the concentration of a gas component of the measuring gas, according to the preamble of claim 1.
Bei einer bekannten Messvorrichtung dieser Art (DE 197 17 036 A1 ) sind zwischen dem Sensorelement und der messgasfernen Steuer- und Auswerteschaltung elektrische Verbindungsleitungen vorhanden, über die einerseits die vom Sensorelement in Form von elektrischen Signalen ausgegeben Messdaten übertragen werden und andererseits eine Heizspannung an einen im Sensorelement integrierten, elektrischen Heizer gelegt wird. Die Verbindungsleitungen sind zu einem flexiblen Kabelbaum zusammengefasst, der in ein das Sensorelement aufnehmendes Gehäuse eingepresst ist und im gehäusenahen Bereich von ei- nem hitzebeständigen Formschlauch überzogen ist. Das Sensorelement kann jedes Sensorelement zum Messen einer physikalischen Größe sein und z.B. in einem elektrochemischen Messfühler zur Bestimmung des Sauerstoffgehalts oder der Stickoxidkonzentration in Abgasen von Verbrennungsmotoren, wie er z.B. aus DE 199 41 051 A1 bzw. 199 30 636 A1 bekannt ist, oder auch in einem Temperaturfühler zur Überwachung der Temperatur von Abgasen einer Brennkraftmaschine, wie er in der DE 199 34 1 10 C2 beschrieben ist, eingesetzt sein.In a known measuring device of this type (DE 197 17 036 A1) electrical connection lines are present between the sensor element and the measurement gas remote control and evaluation circuit, on the one hand transmitted by the sensor element in the form of electrical signals measured data and on the other hand, a heating voltage to a in Sensor element integrated, electric heater is placed. The connecting lines are combined to form a flexible cable tree, which is pressed into a housing receiving the sensor element and is covered by a heat-resistant molded hose in the vicinity of the housing. The sensor element may be any sensor element for measuring a physical quantity, e.g. in an electrochemical sensor for determining the oxygen content or concentration in exhaust gases of internal combustion engines, e.g. from DE 199 41 051 A1 or 199 30 636 A1 is known, or in a temperature sensor for monitoring the temperature of exhaust gases of an internal combustion engine, as described in DE 199 34 1 10 C2, be used.
Offenbarung der ErfindungDisclosure of the invention
Die erfindungsgemäße Messvorrichtung zur Messung mindestens einer physikalischen Eigenschaft eines Messgases hat den Vorteil, dass der bei den bekann- ten Messvorrichtungen vorhandene, flexible Kabelbaum eingespart wird, der fer- tigungs- und montagetechnisch ein teueres Bauteil ist und bei Einsatz der Messvorrichtung in Kraftfahrzeugen in einer relativ großen Typenvielfalt für die verschiedenen Fahrzeugvarianten vorgehalten werden muss. Neben der Ferti- gungskostenreduktion wird bei der erfindungsgemäßen Messvorrichtung auch eine Gewichtseinsparung erzielt, was sich vor allen bei kleinen, leichtgewichtigen Fahrzeugen, wie z.B. Krafträdern, vorteilhaft auswirkt. Das die Auswerteelektronik enthaltene Steuergerät kann bei Kraftfahrzeugen relativ weit entfernt von dem heißen Abgasstrang angeordnet und dadurch die Anforderungen an die Tempe- raturbeständigkeit der Auswerteelektronik gering gehalten werden. Am Sensorelement selbst sind keine temperaturbeständigen, flexiblen Dichtteile aus Viton, Teflon und dgl. vorzusehen, vielmehr brauchen erforderliche Dichtungen nicht flexibel zu sein und können mittels Keramiken realisiert werden, die den Kunststoffen an Temperaturbeständigkeit deutlich überlegen sind.The measuring device according to the invention for measuring at least one physical property of a measuring gas has the advantage that the in the known th measuring devices existing, flexible cable harness is saved, the production and assembly technology is an expensive component and when using the measuring device in motor vehicles in a relatively large variety of types for the different vehicle variants must be maintained. In addition to the production cost reduction, a weight saving is also achieved in the measuring device according to the invention, which has an advantageous effect above all on small, lightweight vehicles, such as motorcycles. The control unit contained in the evaluation electronics can be arranged relatively far away from the hot exhaust gas line in motor vehicles and thus the requirements for the temperature stability of the evaluation electronics can be kept low. On the sensor element itself are no temperature-resistant, flexible sealing parts made of Viton, Teflon and the like. Provide, rather need not be flexible seals and can be realized by means of ceramics, which are the plastics significantly superior in temperature resistance.
Die drahtlose Datenübertragungsstrecke zwischen Sensorelement und Auswerteelektronik vervielfältigt die Einsatzmöglichkeiten der Messvorrichtung, so dass diese z.B. auch bei stationären Heizungsanlagen, beispielsweise zur Messung der Abgastemperatur, eingesetzt werden kann.The wireless data transmission path between the sensor element and evaluation amplifies the possibilities of use of the measuring device, so that this e.g. can also be used in stationary heating systems, for example for measuring the exhaust gas temperature.
Durch die in den weiteren Ansprüchen aufgeführten Maßnahmen sind vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen und Verbesserungen der im Anspruch 1 angegebenen Messvorrichtung möglich.The measures listed in the further claims advantageous refinements and improvements of the claim 1 measuring device are possible.
Gemäß einer vorteilhaften Ausführungsform der Erfindung ist die drahtlose Datenübertragungen zwischen Sensorelement und Auswerteelektronik durch Mittel der Radiofrequenz-Identifikation (RFID) realisiert. Die sog. RFID-Technologie ist weit verbreitet und wird z.B. zur Tier-, Waren- und Fahrzeugidentifikation eingesetzt. Wegen der großen Verbreitung der RFID-Technologie kann zur Realisie- rung der drahtlosen Datenübertragungsstrecke auf im Handel erhältliche, preiswerte Bauteile zurückgegriffen werden.According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the wireless data transmission between the sensor element and the evaluation electronics is implemented by means of the radio-frequency identification (RFID). The so-called RFID technology is widely used and is e.g. used for animal, goods and vehicle identification. Due to the widespread use of RFID technology, commercially available, inexpensive components can be used to realize the wireless data transmission path.
Gemäß einer vorteilhaften Ausführungsform der Erfindung weist die Auswerteelektronik einen Transmitter auf und ist das Sensorelement an einem Transpon- der angeschlossen, wobei zwischen Transmitter und Transponder eine elektromagnetische Kopplung besteht. Das Sensorelement weist eine Nernstzelle und/oder einen Widerstands-Messmäander oder ein Thermoelement auf. Im Falle der Nernstzelle kann aus der Nernstspannung eine Lambda-Information gewonnen und/oder über den Innenwiderstand der Nernstzelle die Abgastemperatur erfasst werden. Alternativ und zusätzlich kann zur Temperaturmessung auch der Widerstandswert des Messmäanders oder die Spannung des Thermoelements herangezogen werden.According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the transmitter has a transmitter and the sensor element is connected to a transponder, wherein there is an electromagnetic coupling between the transmitter and the transponder. The sensor element has a Nernst cell and / or a resistance meander or a thermocouple. In the case of the Nernst cell, lambda information can be obtained from the Nernst voltage and / or the exhaust gas temperature can be detected via the internal resistance of the Nernst cell. Alternatively and additionally, it is also possible to use the resistance value of the measuring meander or the voltage of the thermocouple for temperature measurement.
Gemäß einer vorteilhaften Ausführungsform der Erfindung weist der Transponder einen Mikrochip und mindestens einen dem Mikrochip parallelgeschalteten Kon- densator auf. Die vom Sensorelement ausgegebenen Messdaten werden vomAccording to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the transponder has a microchip and at least one capacitor connected in parallel to the microchip. The measured data output by the sensor element are transmitted by the
Mikrochip mittels Funkpulse übertragen. Die Zeiträume zwischen den Funkpulsen werden zur Aufladung des mindestens einen Kondensators genutzt, so dass für den jeweils nächsten Funkpuls ausreichende Sendeleistung abgerufen werden kann.Microchip transmitted by radio pulses. The periods between the radio pulses are used to charge the at least one capacitor, so that sufficient transmission power can be retrieved for the next radio pulse.
Gemäß einer vorteilhaften Ausführungsform der Erfindung ist der Transponder als passiver Transponder ausgebildet, der die Energie zum Betreiben des Mikrochip und zum Datenaustausch aus dem vom Transponder erzeugten elektromagnetischen Feld bezieht. Alternativ kann der Transponder als aktiver Transponder ausgebildet sein, der die Energie zum Betreiben des Mikrochip und zum Datenaustausch aus einer integrierten Energiequelle bezieht. Diese Energiequelle kann die Nernstspannung der Nernstzelle sein, aber auch ein sog. Energieharvester, der z.B. seine Energie aus den Schwingungen des Abgasstrangs des Verbrennungsmotors in einem Kraftfahrzeug gewinnt.According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the transponder is designed as a passive transponder, which receives the energy for operating the microchip and for data exchange from the electromagnetic field generated by the transponder. Alternatively, the transponder can be designed as an active transponder, which receives the energy for operating the microchip and for data exchange from an integrated energy source. This energy source may be the Nernst voltage of the Nernst cell, but also a so-called energy harvester, e.g. its energy from the vibrations of the exhaust system of the internal combustion engine gains in a motor vehicle.
Kurze Beschreibung der ZeichnungenBrief description of the drawings
Die Erfindung ist anhand eines in den Zeichnungen dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiels in der nachfolgenden Beschreibung näher erläutert. Dabei zeigt die Zeichnung ein Blockschaltbild einer Messvorrichtung zur Messung einer physikalischen Eigenschaft eines Messgases.The invention is explained in more detail in the following description with reference to an embodiment shown in the drawings. The drawing shows a block diagram of a measuring device for measuring a physical property of a measuring gas.
Die im Blockschaltbild skizzierte Messvorrichtung zur Messung einer physikalischen Eigenschaft eines Messgases weist ein Sensorelement 1 1 auf, das dem Messgas ausgesetzt ist und als Messdaten elektrische Signale liefert, die einThe sketched in the block diagram measuring device for measuring a physical property of a measuring gas has a sensor element 1 1, which is exposed to the measuring gas and as measurement data provides electrical signals that a
Maß für eine physikalische Größe des Messgases sind. Im dargestellten Ausfüh- rungsbeispiel weist das Sensorelement 1 1 eine Nernstzelle 12 auf, die dem Abgas einer Brennkraftmaschine eines Kraftfahrzeugs ausgesetzt ist und deren Nernstspannung ein Maß für den Sauerstoffpartialdruck und damit für die Sauerstoffkonzentration im Abgas einer Brennkraftmaschine ist. Die Nernstzelle 12 ist in der Zeichnung symbolisch durch ihren Innenwiderstand R1 und ihre SpannungMeasure for a physical size of the sample gas. In the illustrated embodiment For example, the sensor element 1 1 has a Nernst cell 12, which is exposed to the exhaust gas of an internal combustion engine of a motor vehicle and whose Nernst voltage is a measure of the oxygen partial pressure and thus of the oxygen concentration in the exhaust gas of an internal combustion engine. The Nernst cell 12 is symbolic in the drawing by its internal resistance R 1 and its voltage
UN symbolisiert. Zur Messung der Abgastemperatur kann das Sensorelement 11 anstelle der Nernstzelle 12 auch einen Messmäander in Form einer elektrischen Widerstandsbahn oder ein Thermoelement aufweisen.U N symbolizes. To measure the exhaust gas temperature, instead of the Nernst cell 12, the sensor element 11 may also have a meander in the form of an electrical resistance path or a thermocouple.
Die vom Sensorelement 11 in Form von Spannungswerten ausgegebenenThe output from the sensor element 11 in the form of voltage values
Messdaten werden in einer Auswerteelektronik 13 in Messgrößen (Lambda- Information oder Temperatur) umgesetzt. Die Datenübertragungsstrecke zwischen Sensorelement 11 und Auswerteelektronik 13 ist drahtlos. Die drahtlose Datenübertragungsstrecke ist durch an sich bekannte Mittel der Radiofrequenz- Identifikation (RFID) realisiert. Demzufolge weist die Auswerteelektronik 13 einenMeasurement data are converted in a transmitter 13 into measured variables (lambda information or temperature). The data transmission path between sensor element 11 and transmitter 13 is wireless. The wireless data transmission path is realized by per se known means of radio frequency identification (RFID). Consequently, the transmitter 13 has a
Transmitter 14 auf und ist das Sensorelement 11 an einem Transponder 15 angeschlossen. Zwischen dem Transponder 15 und dem Transmitter 14 besteht eine elektromagnetische Kopplung, die über Antennen 16, 17 hergestellt ist, von denen jeweils eine Antenne 16 dem Transmitter 14 und eine Antenne 17 dem Transponder 15 zugeordnet ist. Der Transponder 15 weist in bekannter Weise einen Mikrochip 18 auf, dem die Messgröße (Spannung) des Sensorelements 1 1 (Nernstzelle 12) zugeführt ist und der die Messgröße des Sensorelements 11 als Funkpulse an den Transmitter 14 überträgt. Die Dauer der Funkpulse liegt dabei im μs-Bereich. Dem Mikrochip 18 ist vorzugsweise mindestens ein Kondensator 19 parallelgeschaltet, der in den Zeiträumen zwischen den Funkpulsen aufgeladen wird, so dass für den jeweils nächsten Funkpuls eine ausreichende Sendeleistung abgerufen werden kann.Transmitter 14 and the sensor element 11 is connected to a transponder 15. Between the transponder 15 and the transmitter 14 there is an electromagnetic coupling, which is made via antennas 16, 17, of which one antenna 16 is assigned to the transmitter 14 and one antenna 17 to the transponder 15. The transponder 15 has, in a known manner, a microchip 18 to which the measured quantity (voltage) of the sensor element 11 (Nernst cell 12) is fed and which transmits the measured variable of the sensor element 11 as radio pulses to the transmitter 14. The duration of the radio pulses is in the μs range. The microchip 18 is preferably connected in parallel with at least one capacitor 19, which is charged in the periods between the radio pulses, so that a sufficient transmission power can be obtained for the respective next radio pulse.
Im dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel ist der Transponder 15 als passiver RFID- Transponder ausgebildet, der die Energie zum Betreiben des Mikrochip 18 und zum Datenaustausch aus dem vom Transmitter 14 erzeugten elektromagnetischen Feld bezieht. Alternativ kann der Transponder 15 auch als sog. aktiver RFID-T ransponder ausgebildet sein, der die Energie zum Betreiben des Mikrochip 18 und zum Datenaustausch aus einer ihm zugeordneten Energiequelle be- zieht. Als Energiequelle kann beispielsweise die Nernstzelle 12 genutzt werden, indem die Sendeleistung des Transponders 15 aus der Nernstspannung gene- riert wird. Eine Vorrichtung zur Erzeugung elektrischer Energie, die eine einem Verbrennungsabgas ausgesetzte, elektrochemische oder Nernstzelle aufweist, ist beispielsweise in der DE 10 2007 014 760 A1 beschrieben. Als Energiequelle kann aber auch eine Batterie oder ein Energieharvester bekannter Bauart einge- setzt werden, der Energie aus der Umgebung, wie beispielsweise aus Vibrationen, Stößen, Wärme oder Strahlung gewinnt. Beim Einsatz der Messvorrichtung in Kraftfahrzeugen wird vorzugsweise der Energieharvester so konzipiert, dass er mit geeigneten Mikrogeneratoren Energie aus den Schwingungen des Abgasstrangs oder Abgaskrümmers gewinnt.In the illustrated embodiment, the transponder 15 is designed as a passive RFID transponder, which receives the energy for operating the microchip 18 and for data exchange from the electromagnetic field generated by the transmitter 14. Alternatively, the transponder 15 can also be embodied as a so-called active RFID transponder which receives the energy for operating the microchip 18 and for data exchange from an energy source assigned to it. As an energy source, for example, the Nernst cell 12 can be used by generating the transmission power of the transponder 15 from the Nernst voltage. is rationed. A device for generating electrical energy, which has an electrochemical or Nernst cell exposed to a combustion gas, is described, for example, in DE 10 2007 014 760 A1. As a source of energy, however, it is also possible to use a battery or a power harvester of known design, which extracts energy from the environment, such as from vibrations, shocks, heat or radiation. When using the measuring device in motor vehicles of the energy harvester is preferably designed so that it wins with suitable micro generators energy from the vibrations of the exhaust system or exhaust manifold.
Das Sensorelement 11 und der Transponder 15 mit Mikrochip 18 und Kondensator 19 - und im Falle eines aktiven RFID-Transponders auch die Energiequelle - sind baulich zu einer Sonde 20 zusammengefasst, die beim Einsatz in Kraftfahrzeugen im Abgastrakt der Brennkraftmaschine angeordnet ist. Vorzugsweise ist dabei die Sonde 20 in einem Bypass des Abgasstrangs angeordnet, in dem kälteres Abgas strömt, um die Temperaturbelastung der Sonde 20 zu reduzieren. The sensor element 11 and the transponder 15 with microchip 18 and capacitor 19 - and in the case of an active RFID transponder also the energy source - are structurally combined to form a probe 20 which is arranged in the exhaust tract of the internal combustion engine when used in motor vehicles. In this case, the probe 20 is preferably arranged in a bypass of the exhaust gas line, in which colder exhaust gas flows in order to reduce the temperature load on the probe 20.

Claims

Ansprüche claims
1. Messvorrichtung zur Messung mindestens einer physikalischen Eigenschaft eines Messgases, insbesondere der Temperatur und/oder der Konzentration einer Gaskomponente des Messgases, mit mindestens einem dem Messgas ausgesetzten, Messdaten ausgebenden Sensorelement (11 ), mit einer messgasfernen Auswerteelektronik (13) und mit einer Datenübertragungsstrecke zwischen Sensorelement (1 1 ) und Auswerteelektronik (13), dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Datenübertragungsstrecke drahtlos ist.1. Measuring device for measuring at least one physical property of a measuring gas, in particular the temperature and / or the concentration of a gas component of the measuring gas, with at least one measuring gas exposed to the measuring data issuing sensor element (11), with a measurement gas remote evaluation electronics (13) and with a data transmission path between sensor element (1 1) and evaluation (13), characterized in that the data transmission path is wireless.
2. Messvorrichtung nach Anspruch 1 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die drahtlose Datenübertragungsstrecke durch Mittel der Radiofrequenz-Identifikation realisiert ist.2. Measuring device according to claim 1, characterized in that the wireless data transmission path is realized by means of the radio-frequency identification.
3. Messvorrichtung nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Aus- werteelektronik (13) einen Transmitter (14) aufweist und an das Sensorelement (11 ) ein Transponder (15) angeschlossen ist und dass zwischen Transmitter (14) und Transponder (15) eine elektromagnetische Kopplung besteht.3. Measuring device according to claim 2, characterized in that the evaluation electronics (13) has a transmitter (14) and to the sensor element (11) a transponder (15) is connected and that between transmitter (14) and transponder (15) an electromagnetic coupling exists.
4. Messvorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Sensorelement (1 1 ) eine Nernstzelle (12) und/oder einen Wi- derstands-Messmäander oder ein Thermoelement aufweist.4. Measuring device according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the sensor element (1 1) has a Nernst cell (12) and / or a resistive Messmäander or a thermocouple.
5. Messvorrichtung nach Anspruch 3 oder 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Transponder (15) einen Mikrochip (18) und vorzugsweise mindestens einen dem Mikrochip (18) parallelgeschalteten Kondensator (19) aufweist.5. Measuring device according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that the transponder (15) has a microchip (18) and preferably at least one microchip (18) connected in parallel capacitor (19).
6. Messvorrichtung nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Transponder (15) als passiver RFID-T ransponder ausgebildet ist, der die Energie zum Betreiben des Mikrochip (18) und zum Datenaustausch aus dem vom Transmitter (14) erzeugten elektromagnetischen Feld bezieht. 6. Measuring device according to claim 5, characterized in that the transponder (15) is formed as a passive RFID transponder T, which receives the energy for operating the microchip (18) and for data exchange from the electromagnetic field generated by the transmitter (14).
7. Messvorrichtung nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Transponder (15) als aktiver RFID-Transponder ausgebildet ist, der die Energie zum Betreiben des Mikrochips (18) und zum Datenaustausch aus einer ihm zugeordneten Energiequelle bezieht.7. Measuring device according to claim 5, characterized in that the transponder (15) is designed as an active RFID transponder, which receives the energy for operating the microchip (18) and for data exchange from an associated energy source.
8. Messvorrichtung nach Anspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Energiequelle eine Nernstzelle (12), eine Batterie oder ein Energieharvester ist.8. Measuring device according to claim 7, characterized in that the energy source is a Nernst cell (12), a battery or an energy harvester.
9. Messvorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 3 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass Sensorelement (1 1 ) und Transponder (15) sowie im Falle des passiven RFID-Tranponders auch die Energiequelle baulich zu einer dem Messgas ausgesetzten Sonde (20) zusammengesetzt sind und dass die Sonde (20) im Abgastrakt einer Brennkraftmaschine angeordnet ist.9. Measuring device according to one of claims 3 to 8, characterized in that the sensor element (1 1) and transponder (15) and in the case of the passive RFID transponder and the energy source are structurally assembled to a measuring gas exposed to the probe (20) and that the probe (20) is arranged in the exhaust tract of an internal combustion engine.
10. Messvorrichtung nach Anspruch 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Abgastrakt der Brennkraftmaschine einen Abgasstrang mit Bypass aufweist und die Sonde (20) im Bypass angeordnet ist.10. Measuring device according to claim 9, characterized in that the exhaust gas tract of the internal combustion engine has an exhaust gas line with a bypass and the probe (20) is arranged in the bypass.
1 1. Messvorrichtung nach Anspruch 9 oder 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Energieharvester Energie aus den Schwingungen des Abgasstrangs gewinnt. 1 1. Measuring device according to claim 9 or 10, characterized in that the Energieharvester wins energy from the vibrations of the exhaust line.
PCT/EP2009/067103 2009-02-18 2009-12-14 Gas sensor having wireless data transfer WO2010094362A1 (en)

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