WO2012043470A1 - 5-アミノレブリン酸含有固形肥料及びその製造方法 - Google Patents
5-アミノレブリン酸含有固形肥料及びその製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2012043470A1 WO2012043470A1 PCT/JP2011/071875 JP2011071875W WO2012043470A1 WO 2012043470 A1 WO2012043470 A1 WO 2012043470A1 JP 2011071875 W JP2011071875 W JP 2011071875W WO 2012043470 A1 WO2012043470 A1 WO 2012043470A1
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- solid fertilizer
- aminolevulinic acid
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F11/00—Other organic fertilisers
- C05F11/10—Fertilisers containing plant vitamins or hormones
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N37/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids
- A01N37/44—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids containing at least one carboxylic group or a thio analogue, or a derivative thereof, and a nitrogen atom attached to the same carbon skeleton by a single or double bond, this nitrogen atom not being a member of a derivative or of a thio analogue of a carboxylic group, e.g. amino-carboxylic acids
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05C—NITROGENOUS FERTILISERS
- C05C1/00—Ammonium nitrate fertilisers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05C—NITROGENOUS FERTILISERS
- C05C3/00—Fertilisers containing other salts of ammonia or ammonia itself, e.g. gas liquor
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05C—NITROGENOUS FERTILISERS
- C05C5/00—Fertilisers containing other nitrates
- C05C5/02—Fertilisers containing other nitrates containing sodium or potassium nitrate
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
- C05G5/10—Solid or semi-solid fertilisers, e.g. powders
- C05G5/12—Granules or flakes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
- C05G5/30—Layered or coated, e.g. dust-preventing coatings
- C05G5/38—Layered or coated, e.g. dust-preventing coatings layered or coated with wax or resins
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a solid fertilizer having a plant growth promoting effect and a method for producing the same.
- 5-Aminolevulinic acid, its derivatives or salts thereof have improved photosynthetic activity, improved CO 2 absorption capacity, respiratory inhibition, improved chlorophyll content, and excellent growth promoting effects.
- rooting promotion, lodging Prevention, yield improvement, cold resistance improvement, freshness maintenance, green improvement, green maintenance, healthy seedling growth, organ growth promotion, increase in the number of divisions, shortening of the time required for growth, reduction of phytotoxicity and excellent survival improvement in cuttings, etc. Patent Document 1 etc.
- 5-aminolevulinic acid is a water-soluble substance, as a fertilizing method for plants, it was supplied to plants in a state dissolved in liquid.
- an object of the present invention is to provide a means for easily producing the excellent plant growth promoting effect of 5-aminolevulinic acid with a small number of application times.
- the present inventor has studied means for applying 5-aminolevulinic acid, and forms 5-aminolevulinic acid into a solid form together with a solid fertilizer raw material, and further coats the solid matter as desired to form a solid fertilizer.
- the present inventors have found that the application of the plant growth is simple and the effect of promoting the plant growth is at least remarkable, and the present invention has been completed.
- the nitrogen source is at least one selected from potassium nitrate, ammonium sulfate, and ammonium nitrate.
- the solid fertilizer according to [8], wherein the phosphorus source is phosphoric acid.
- the solid fertilizer of the present invention is excellent in sustained release of 5-aminolevulinic acid, and one fertilization corresponds to several times of fertilization of the solution. Therefore, the number of times of fertilization is reduced and labor can be greatly reduced. Moreover, the remarkably outstanding plant growth promotion effect is acquired by interaction with the fertilizer component mix
- the solid fertilizer of the present invention contains (A) 5-aminolevulinic acid represented by the general formula (I), a derivative thereof or a salt thereof, and (B) a solid fertilizer raw material.
- the compound in which R 1 and R 2 are hydrogen atoms and R 3 is a hydroxy group is 5-aminolevulinic acid
- other compounds represented by the general formula (I) are 5-aminolevulinic acid derivatives. It is.
- the alkyl group represented by R 1 and R 2 is preferably a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 24 carbon atoms, more preferably an alkyl group having 1 to 18 carbon atoms, particularly An alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms is preferred.
- Examples of the alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms include methyl group, ethyl group, n-propyl group, isopropyl group, n-butyl group and sec-butyl group.
- acyl group a linear or branched alkanoyl group, alkenylcarbonyl group or aroyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms is preferable, and an alkanoyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms is particularly preferable.
- the acyl group include formyl group, acetyl group, propionyl group, butyryl group and the like.
- the alkoxycarbonyl group an alkoxycarbonyl group having 2 to 13 carbon atoms in total is preferable, and an alkoxycarbonyl group having 2 to 7 carbon atoms is particularly preferable.
- alkoxycarbonyl group examples include a methoxycarbonyl group, an ethoxycarbonyl group, an n-propoxycarbonyl group, and an isopropoxycarbonyl group.
- aryl group an aryl group having 6 to 16 carbon atoms is preferable, and examples thereof include a phenyl group and a naphthyl group.
- the aralkyl group is preferably a group consisting of an aryl group having 6 to 16 carbon atoms and the alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, and examples thereof include a benzyl group.
- the alkoxy group represented by R 3 is preferably a linear or branched alkoxy group having 1 to 24 carbon atoms, more preferably an alkoxy group having 1 to 16 carbon atoms, particularly preferably an alkoxy group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms.
- Examples of the alkoxy group include methoxy group, ethoxy group, n-propoxy group, isopropoxy group, n-butoxy group, pentyloxy group, hexyloxy group, octyloxy group, decyloxy group, dodecyloxy group and the like.
- acyloxy group a linear or branched alkanoyloxy group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms is preferable, and an alkanoyloxy group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms is particularly preferable.
- the acyloxy group include an acetoxy group, a propionyloxy group, and a butyryloxy group.
- the alkoxycarbonyloxy group an alkoxycarbonyloxy group having 2 to 13 carbon atoms is preferable, and an alkoxycarbonyloxy group having 2 to 7 carbon atoms is particularly preferable.
- alkoxycarbonyloxy group examples include methoxycarbonyloxy group, ethoxycarbonyloxy group, n-propoxycarbonyloxy group, isopropoxycarbonyloxy group and the like.
- the aryloxy group is preferably an aryloxy group having 6 to 16 carbon atoms, and examples thereof include a phenoxy group and a naphthyloxy group.
- the aralkyloxy group those having the aralkyl group are preferable, and examples thereof include a benzyloxy group.
- the 5-aminolevulinic acid derivative is preferably 5-aminolevulinic acid ester, more preferably 5-aminolevulinic acid alkyl ester, and further 5-aminolevulinic acid methyl ester, 5-aminolevulinic acid ethyl ester, 5-aminolevulinic acid propyl ester, Particularly preferred are 5-aminolevulinic acid C 1-6 alkyl esters such as aminolevulinic acid butyl ester, 5-aminolevulinic acid pentyl ester, 5-aminolevulinic acid hexyl ester, and most particularly 5-aminolevulinic acid methyl ester or 5-aminolevulinic acid hexyl ester. preferable.
- salts of 5-aminolevulinic acid and its derivatives hydrochloride, phosphate, nitrate, sulfate, sulfonate, acetate, propionate, butyrate, valerate, citrate, fumarate, Acid addition salts such as maleate and malate and metal salts such as sodium salt, potassium salt and calcium salt are preferable, and hydrochloride, phosphate, nitrate or sulfonate is more preferable.
- 5-aminolevulinic acid and its salt can be used alone or in combination of two or more thereof.
- the component (A) of the solid fertilizer of the present invention is a salt of 5-aminolevulinic acid in which R 1 and R 2 are hydrogen atoms and R 3 is a hydroxyl group in the general formula (1).
- 5-aminolevulinic acid salt which is hydrochloride, phosphate, nitrate or sulfonate is preferred, and 5-aminolevulinic acid hydrochloride and 5-aminolevulinic acid phosphate are most preferred.
- (A) 5-Aminolevulinic acid, a derivative thereof or a salt thereof can be produced by any method of chemical synthesis, production by a microorganism, and production by an enzyme.
- the product can be used as it is without separation and purification as long as it does not contain substances harmful to plants. Moreover, when a harmful substance is contained, it can be used after removing the harmful substance to a level not harmful.
- the content of the component (A) in the solid fertilizer of the present invention is preferably 0.0001 to 1% by mass, more preferably 0.003 to 0.6 from the viewpoint of the plant growth promoting action and the sustained release action of the component (A). % By mass, particularly 0.003 to 0.3% by mass is preferred.
- the solid fertilizer raw material used for the solid fertilizer of the present invention may be any fertilizer raw material that can exist in a solid state at room temperature, such as humus such as peat moss and black peat, soybean oil cake, rapeseed oil cake, fish cake, Solid organic substances such as feather meal; besides these, plant growth regulators, sugars, amino acids, organic acids, alcohols, vitamins, minerals, and the like.
- humic substances are more preferable.
- plant growth regulators include brassinolides such as epibrassinolide, choline agents such as choline chloride and choline nitrate, indole butyric acid, indole acetic acid, ethiclozate agent, 1-naphthylacetamide agent, isoprothiolane agent, nicotinic acid Amide agent, Hydroxyisoxazole agent, Calcium peroxide agent, Benzylaminopurine agent, Metasulfocamb agent, Oxyethylene docosanol agent, Ethephon agent, Crokinhonac agent, Gibberellin, Streptomycin agent, Daminogit agent, Benzylaminopurine agent, 4 -CPA agent, ansimidol agent, inapenfide agent, uniconazole, chlormecote agent, dikeglac agent, mefluidide agent, calcium carbonate agent, piperonyl butoxide agent and the like.
- brassinolides such as epibras
- saccharide examples include glucose, sucrose, xylitol, sorbitol, galactose, xylose, mannose, arabinose, majurose, sucrose, ribose, rhamnose, fructose, maltose, lactose, maltotriose and the like.
- amino acids examples include asparagine, glutamine, histidine, tyrosine, glycine, arginine, alanine, tryptophan, methionine, valine, proline, leucine, lysine, isoleucine, glutamic acid, aspartic acid and the like.
- organic acids include formic acid, acetic acid, propionic acid, butyric acid, valeric acid, oxalic acid, phthalic acid, benzoic acid, lactic acid, citric acid, tartaric acid, malonic acid, malic acid, succinic acid, glycolic acid, maleic acid, Examples include caproic acid, caprylic acid, myristic acid, stearic acid, palmitic acid, pyruvic acid, ⁇ -ketoglutaric acid, levulinic acid and the like.
- alcohol examples include methanol, ethanol, propanol, butanol, pentanol, hexanol, and glycerol.
- vitamins include nicotinamide, vitamin B6, vitamin B12, vitamin B5, vitamin C, vitamin B13, vitamin B1, vitamin B3, vitamin B2, vitamin K3, vitamin A, vitamin D2, vitamin D3, vitamin K1, ⁇ - Examples thereof include tocopherol, ⁇ -tocopherol, ⁇ -tocopherol, ⁇ -tocopherol, p-hydroxybenzoic acid, biotin, folic acid, nicotinic acid, pantothenic acid, ⁇ -liponic acid and the like.
- Examples of minerals include nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, boron, manganese, magnesium, zinc, copper, iron, molybdenum, and magnesium.
- nitrates and ammonium salts are preferable, and potassium nitrate, ammonium sulfate, and ammonium nitrate are more preferable. These concentrations are not particularly limited, but the solid fertilizer of the present invention preferably contains 1% by mass or more, more preferably 1 to 50% by mass as the nitrogen content.
- phosphoric acid and phosphorous acid are preferable, and phosphoric acid is more preferable. Not particularly limited to these concentrations, it is preferred that contains 1 wt% or more in terms of P 2 O 5 to the present invention a solid fertilizer, and more preferably contains 1 to 50 mass%.
- (B) raw materials for solid fertilizer preferably contain at least the solid organic substance, and particularly preferably contain at least humic substance.
- the solid organic substance is preferably contained in the solid fertilizer of the present invention in an amount of 10 to 90% by mass, and more preferably 20 to 60% by mass.
- (B) solid fertilizer raw material contains at least the said solid organic substance and a nitrogen source and / or a phosphorus source.
- the nitrogen source is preferably at least one selected from potassium nitrate, ammonium sulfate and ammonium nitrate, and the content of these nitrogen sources is 1% by mass or more, particularly 1 to 50% by mass as the nitrogen content in the solid fertilizer of the present invention.
- the phosphorus source is preferably phosphoric acid, and the content of the phosphorus source is preferably 1% by mass or more, particularly 1 to 50% by mass in terms of P 2 O 5 in the solid fertilizer of the present invention.
- (B) solid fertilizer raw material used by this invention is not specifically limited, A powder form, a granule, and a lump form are mentioned, A granule is preferable from a viewpoint of manufacture of a solid fertilizer.
- the particle size of the (B) solid fertilizer raw material used in the present invention is not particularly limited, but it is preferably 0.5 to 10 mm for handling, and more preferably 1.0 to 6.0 mm.
- the shape of the solid fertilizer of this invention is not specifically limited, A granular form and a lump form are mentioned, A granular form is preferable from a viewpoint of the ease of manufacture.
- the particle size of the solid raw material of the present invention is not particularly limited, but 0.5 to 10 mm is preferable for handling, and more preferably 1.0 to 6.0 mm.
- the surface of the solid raw material of the present invention may be coated with a coating material.
- a coating material In order to control the sustained-release property of 5-aminolevulinic acid, it is preferable that it is coated.
- the “coating material” used in the present invention may be a wax-like substance that is in a solid state at room temperature (5 to 35 ° C.), and specifically, petroleum-based materials such as paraffin wax, microcrystalline wax, and petrolatum. Wax; plant waxes such as carnauba wax and cotton wax; animal waxes such as beeswax and wool wax; higher fatty acids and higher alcohols. Any of these may be used alone or in admixture of two or more. Of these coating materials, petroleum-based waxes are preferable, and paraffin wax is particularly preferable in terms of sustained release of 5-aminolevulinic acid.
- the coating amount of the coating material is preferably 2 to 20% by mass, and more preferably 4 to 15% by mass, based on the total amount of the solid fertilizer of the present invention, from the viewpoint of sustained release of 5-aminolevulinic acid.
- the residual ratio of 5-aminolevulinic acid at “40 ° C., after one month” is desirably 80% or more, preferably 85% or more, more preferably 90% or more.
- the solid fertilizer of the present invention is only required to contain the components (A) and (B), but the components (A) and (B) are mixed and granulated, and the surface thereof is coated with a coating material as desired. It is preferable to manufacture by coating. Although it does not specifically limit as a granulation means, The means including the process of spraying a component (A) on a component (B) and the process of drying the obtained granulated material is preferable. Moreover, a coated granulated product can be obtained by including a step of coating the obtained granulated product with a melted wax-like substance.
- the component (A) -containing solution can be produced by spraying and adhering the component (A) -containing solution while rolling the component (B).
- component (A) uniformly adheres to the surface of component (B), it is dried while rolling. Normally, natural drying is sufficient, but it may be forced to dry using warm air.
- the apparatus used in the present invention may be either a continuous type or a batch type as long as sufficient mixing and granulation effects can be obtained.
- Examples include a rotary mixing drum, a bread granulator, a pellet granulator, a tablet granulator and the like.
- the obtained granulated product is melt-coated by adding it to the melted wax-like substance.
- the granulated product may be heated in advance with a preheater or may be heated in a rolling device.
- the temperature at which the granulated product is heated may be a temperature at which the wax-like substance to be added melts, but is preferably a temperature 10 to 20 ° C. higher than the melting point of the wax-like substance.
- the temperature is lowered to below the melting point of the wax-like substance while rolling. Normally, natural cooling is sufficient, but cooling may be forced using cold air.
- the coated granulated product may be further coated with diatomaceous earth.
- the plants to which the solid fertilizer of the present invention is applied are all plants that are effective when administered with a 5-aminolevulinic acid-containing solution.
- Leafy vegetables are preferred, and komatsuna, leaf lettuce, barley, and tomato are more preferred, but not limited thereto.
- the solid fertilizer of the present invention is used by being administered to the soil around the plant.
- the plant may be planted or given to the plant before cutting. Furthermore, you may add to water at the time of hydroponics.
- the treatment time of the solid fertilizer of the present invention on the plant may be any period during which the plant is growing.
- the fertilizer application amount of the solid fertilizer of the present invention may be 0.6 to 600 kg / 10a as the amount of solid fertilizer.
- Example 1 Production of solid fertilizer containing 5-aminolevulinic acid-1 A fertilizer raw material liquid was prepared by adding 40 g of 3% aqueous solution of 5-aminolevulinic acid hydrochloride (ALA.HCl), 140 g of ammonium sulfate, 180 g of distilled water, and 40 g of citric acid.
- ALA.HCl 5-aminolevulinic acid hydrochloride
- As a fertilizer raw material containing 5-aminolevulinic acid black peat (RHP: VRIEZENVEEN substrate) was used.
- the bread type granulator was heated to a temperature of about 50 ° C., and after heating, 40 g of black peat (water content 72%) was added and rolled in the bread type granulator.
- Example 2 Production of solid fertilizer containing 5-aminolevulinic acid-2 After heating paraffin wax (melting point 48-50 ° C) to 55 ° C and immersing solid fertilizer A containing 5-aminolevulinic acid A in a dissolved bath for about 30 minutes until no bubbles are generated, liquid excess paraffin wax. It was cut and dried by rolling with a bread granulator and dried. Thereafter, the 5-aminolevulinic acid-containing solid fertilizer A coated with paraffin wax was coated with diatomaceous earth to obtain 5-aminolevulinic acid-containing solid fertilizer B. The obtained 5-aminolevulinic acid-containing solid fertilizer B had a particle size in the range of 4 to 6 mm. At this time, a similar solid fertilizer containing no 5-aminolevulinic acid was also coated with paraffin wax.
- the amount of fertilizer applied to the solid fertilizer was adjusted to 3 kg nitrogen per 10a per element amount of nitrogen.
- the fresh weight of about 151% was increased by fertilizing the solid fertilizer containing 5-aminolevulinic acid. From this, it was found that the fertilizer containing 5-aminolevulinic acid has a plant growth promoting effect.
- Example 7 Production of solid fertilizer containing 5-aminolevulinic acid-3 (Production of solid fertilizer containing nitrogen or phosphorus)
- a 5-aminolevulinic acid-containing solid fertilizer is obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that urea, magnesium nitrate, potassium nitrate, ammonium sulfate, and ammonium nitrate are used as the nitrogen source, and then paraffin wax is obtained in the same manner as in Example 2.
- the solid fertilizers C, D, E, F and G containing 5-aminolevulinic acid were obtained. At this time, the amounts of urea, magnesium nitrate, potassium nitrate, ammonium sulfate, and ammonium nitrate were adjusted so that the amount of nitrogen in the solid fertilizer was 2.6%.
- the solid fertilizer H which uses phosphoric acid as a phosphorus source similarly was prepared. At this time, the amount of phosphoric acid blended was adjusted so that the amount of phosphorus in the solid fertilizer was 8% in terms of P 2 O 5 .
- solid fertilizers c, d, e, f, g and h containing no 5-aminolevulinic acid were also prepared.
- Table 8 shows the prepared solid fertilizer.
- Example 8 Effect of difference in composition of 5-aminolevulinic acid-containing solid fertilizer on growth promotion effect of Japanese mustard spinach
- a pot with a capacity of 10 x 10 x 10 cm I put black soil and seeded 4 Japanese mustard spinach. 7 days after seeding, solid fertilizers C, D, E, F, G with different nitrogen components, each containing 5 aminolevulinic acid coated with paraffin wax, thinned to 1 strain per pot when developing true leaves, and phosphoric acid as a phosphorus source 3.8 g of each of the solid fertilizer H and the solid fertilizers c, d, e, f, g, and h containing no 5-aminolevulinic acid.
- potassium phosphate and potassium hydrogen phosphate were used.
- Phosphorus and potassium were 10 kg phosphorus per 10a per element amount of phosphorus and 10 kg potassium per 10a per element amount of potassium.
- a separate fertilizer was applied to prevent deficiencies during cultivation.
- solid fertilizers H and h were separately fertilized using ammonium sulfate so that the total amount of nitrogen was 10 kg per 10a per element amount of nitrogen.
- Harvested 21 days after fertilization and measured dry weight to evaluate the growth of Komatsuna (n 3). The results are shown in FIGS.
- the composition of the solid fertilizer that exerts the plant growth promoting effect of 5-aminolevulinic acid hydrochloride includes potassium nitrate, ammonium sulfate, and ammonium nitrate as the nitrogen source, or as the phosphorus source. It can be seen that phosphoric acid is used.
Abstract
Description
また、溶液で与える場合、5-アミノレブリン酸による成長促進効果の持続期間としては2週間程度であることが知られており、十分な成長促進効果を得るためには定期的な数多くの投与が必要であった。
従って、本発明の目的は施用回数が少なく、簡便に5-アミノレブリン酸の優れた植物成長促進効果を奏するための手段を提供することにある。
[1]次の成分(A)及び(B):
(A)下記一般式(I)
R2R1NCH2COCH2CH2COR3 (I)
(式中、R1及びR2は各々独立に、水素原子、アルキル基、アシル基、アルコキシカルボニル基、アリール基又はアラルキル基を示し;R3はヒドロキシ基、アルコキシ基、アシルオキシ基、アルコキシカルボニルオキシ基、アリールオキシ基、アラルキルオキシ基又はアミノ基を示す。)で表される5-アミノレブリン酸、その誘導体又はそれらの塩、
(B)固形肥料原料
を含有することを特徴とする固形肥料。
[2]表面が被覆材で被覆されている[1]記載の固形肥料。
[3]被覆材が石油系ワックスである[2]記載の固形肥料。
[4]被覆材がパラフィンワックスである[2]又は[3]記載の固形肥料。
[5]成分(A)が、5-アミノレブリン酸、5-アミノレブリン酸アルキルエステル又はそれらの塩である[1]~[4]のいずれかに記載の固形肥料。
[6]成分(A)の含有量が0.001~1質量%である[1]~[5]のいずれかに記載の固形肥料。
[7]成分(B)が、固形有機質、植物成長調節剤、糖類、アミノ酸、有機酸、アルコール、ビタミン及びミネラルから選ばれる1種又は2種以上を含むものである[1]~[6]のいずれかに記載の固形肥料。
[8]成分(B)が、少なくとも固形有機質と、窒素源及び/又はリン源とを含有するものである[1]~[7]のいずれかに記載の固形肥料。
[9]窒素源が、硝酸カリウム、硫酸アンモニウム及び硝酸アンモニウムから選ばれる1種以上ある[8]記載の固形肥料。
[10]リン源が、リン酸である[8]記載の固形肥料。
[11]固形有機質を、固形肥料中に10~90質量%含有する[8]~[10]のいずれかに記載の固形肥料。
[12]硝酸アンモニウム、硫酸アンモニウム及び硝酸カリウムから選ばれる少なくとも1種を固形肥料中に窒素含量として1質量%以上、又はリン酸を固形肥料中にP2O5換算で1質量%以上含有する[8]~[11]のいずれかに記載の固形肥料。
[13]形状が、粒状及び塊状から選ばれるものである[1]~[12]のいずれかに記載の固形肥料。
[14]被覆材の被覆量が、固形肥料全量に対して2~20質量%である[2]~[13]のいずれかに記載の固形肥料。
[15]固形肥料原料(B)に、下記一般式(I)
R2R1NCH2COCH2CH2COR3 (I)
(式中、R1及びR2は各々独立に、水素原子、アルキル基、アシル基、アルコキシカルボニル基、アリール基又はアラルキル基を示し;R3はヒドロキシ基、アルコキシ基、アシルオキシ基、アルコキシカルボニルオキシ基、アリールオキシ基、アラルキルオキシ基又はアミノ基を示す。)で表される5-アミノレブリン酸、その誘導体又はそれらの塩(A)を含有する溶液を噴霧添加する工程、及び乾燥する工程を含むことを特徴とする[1]記載の固形肥料の製造方法。
[16]さらに、溶融したワックス状物質で被覆する工程を含む[15]記載の固形肥料の製造方法。
[17]ワックス状物質が石油系ワックスである[16]記載の固形肥料の製造方法。
[18]石油系ワックスがパラフィンワックスである[17]記載の固形肥料の製造方法。
5-アミノレブリン酸とその塩はそれぞれ単独でも、これらの2種以上を混合して用いることもできる。
本発明で使用する(B)固形肥料原料の粒径は特に限定されないが、0.5~10mmが取扱い上好ましく、さらに好ましくは1.0~6.0mmである。
本発明の固形原料の粒径は特に限定されないが、0.5~10mmが取扱い上好ましく、さらに好ましくは1.0~6.0mmである。
5-アミノレブリン酸塩酸塩(ALA・HCl)3%水溶液40g、硫酸アンモニウム140g、蒸留水180g、クエン酸40gを添加した肥料原料液を作製した。5-アミノレブリン酸を含有させる肥料原料としてブラックピート(RHP社製:VRIEZENVEEN substrate)を用いた。パン型造粒機を約50℃の温度となるように加熱し、加熱後ブラックピート(含水率72%)40gを入れ、パン型造粒機内で転動させた。肥料原料液25gをブラックピートに吹き付けながら30分間パン型造粒機内で転動させ、造粒した。その後、40℃、1晩(重量変化がなくなるまで)乾燥させ、5-アミノレブリン酸含有固体肥料Aを得た。乾燥前後の5-アミノレブリン酸含有固形肥料Aの組成を表1又は2に示す。得られた5-アミノレブリン酸含有固形肥料Aの粒子径は4~6mmの範囲であった。
パラフィンワックス(融点48~50℃)を55℃に加温し、溶解させた槽に5-アミノレブリン酸含有固形肥料Aを気泡の発生がなくなるまで約30分間浸漬した後、余分なパラフィンワックスを液切りし、パン型造粒機で転動させながら温度を下げ、乾燥させた。その後、パラフィンワックス被覆した5-アミノレブリン酸含有固形肥料Aを珪藻土でまぶし、5-アミノレブリン酸含有固形肥料Bを得た。得られた5-アミノレブリン酸含有固形肥料Bの粒子径は4~6mmの範囲であった。
この時、5-アミノレブリン酸を含まない同様の固形の肥料もパラフィンワックスで被覆した。
実施例2で得られた固形肥料Bを用いて、小松菜の成長促進効果を試験した。容量が10×10×10cmのポットに黒ボク土を入れ、小松菜を4粒播種した。播種14日後、本葉展開時にポット当たり1株に間引きし、パラフィンワックスで被覆した5-アミノレブリン酸含有固形肥料B及び5-アミノレブリン酸を含有していない固形肥料を施肥した。固形肥料の施肥量は、それぞれ窒素の要素量当たりで10a当たり10kg窒素となるよう調整した。このときの5-アミノレブリン酸の施肥量は、300g/10aであった。施肥21日後に収穫し、乾燥重量を測定することで小松菜の成長量を評価した(n=3)。結果を表3に示す。
実施例2で得られた固形肥料Bを用いて、リーフレタスの成長促進効果を試験した。容量が10×10×10cmのポットに黒ボク土を入れ、リーフレタスを4粒播種した。播種14日後、本葉展開時にポット当たり1株に間引きし、化成肥料(N-P-K=8-8-8)を窒素の要素量当たりで10a当たり10kg窒素となるよう施肥した後、パラフィンワックスで被覆した5-アミノレブリン酸含有固形肥料B及び5-アミノレブリン酸を含有していない固形肥料を施肥した。固形肥料の施肥量は、それぞれ窒素の要素量当たりで10a当たり3kg窒素となるよう調整した。このときの5-アミノレブリン酸の施肥量は、90g/10aであった。施肥35日後に収穫し、新鮮重量を測定することでリーフレタスの成長量を評価した(n=3)。結果を表4に示す。
実施例2で得られた固形肥料Bを用いて、オオムギの成長促進効果を試験した。容量が10×10×10cmのポットに黒ボク土を入れ、オオムギを15粒播種した。播種後、本葉5枚展開時にポット当たり5株に間引きし、化成肥料(N-P-K=8-8-8)を窒素の要素量当たりで10a当たり10kg窒素となるよう施肥した後、パラフィンワックスで被覆した5-アミノレブリン酸含有固形肥料B及び5-アミノレブリン酸を含有していない固形肥料を施肥した。固形肥料の施肥量は、それぞれ窒素の要素量当たりで10a当たり3kg窒素となるよう調整した。このときの5-アミノレブリン酸の施肥量は、90g/10aであった。施肥60日後に収穫し、新鮮重量を測定することでオオムギの成長量を評価した(n=2)。結果を表5に示す。
実施例2で得られた固形肥料Bを用いて、トマトの成長促進効果を試験した。容量が10×10×10cmのポットに黒ボク土を入れ、トマトを4粒播種した。播種後、本葉3枚展開時にポット当たり1株に間引きし、化成肥料(N-P-K=8-8-8)を窒素の要素量当たりで10a当たり10kg窒素となるよう施肥した後、パラフィンワックスで被覆した5-アミノレブリン酸含有固形肥料B及び5-アミノレブリン酸を含有していない固形肥料を施肥した。固形肥料の施肥量は、それぞれ窒素の要素量当たりで10a当たり3kg窒素となるよう調整した。このときの5-アミノレブリン酸の施肥量は、90g/10aであった。施肥68日後に収穫し、新鮮重量を測定することでトマトの成長量を評価した(n=3)。結果を表6に示す。
容量が10×10×10cmのポットに黒ボク土を入れ、小松菜を4粒播種した。播種14日後、本葉展開時にポット当たり1株に間引きし、市販の液肥である花工場(住友化学園芸社製、窒素-リン酸-カリウム=5-10-5)500倍希釈液に5-アミノレブリン酸が10mg/Lとなるように加えた液体肥料と、5-アミノレブリン酸を加えていない液体肥料を1週間に1回、合計3回、100mL/ポット施肥した。最初の施肥から21日後に収穫し、乾燥重量を測定することで小松菜の成長量を評価した(n=2)。結果を表4に示す。なお、ALA施肥量としては、実施例1同様300g/10aであった。
窒素源としてそれぞれ尿素、硝酸マグネシウム、硝酸カリウム、硫酸アンモニウム、硝酸アンモニウムを使用する以外は、実施例1と同様にして5-アミノレブリン酸含有固形肥料を得、その後、実施例2と同様の方法にてパラフィンワックス被覆し、5-アミノレブリン酸含有固形肥料C、D、E、F及びGをそれぞれ得た。この時、固体肥料中の窒素成分として窒素量で2.6%となるよう、尿素、硝酸マグネシウム、硝酸カリウム、硫酸アンモニウム、硝酸アンモニウムの量をそれぞれ調整した。
調製した固形肥料を表8に示す。
容量が10×10×10cmのポットに黒ボク土を入れ、小松菜を4粒播種した。播種7日後、本葉展開時にポット当たり1株に間引きし、パラフィンワックスで被覆した5-アミノレブリン酸を含有したそれぞれ窒素成分の異なる固形肥料C、D、E、F、G及びリン源としてリン酸を配合した固形肥料H、5-アミノレブリン酸を含有しない固形肥料c、d、e、f、g、及びhをそれぞれ3.8g施肥した。この時、固形肥料H、h以外は、リン酸カリウム、リン酸水素カリウムを用いて、リン、カリウムはそれぞれ、リンの要素量当たりで10a当たり10kgリン、カリウムの要素量当たりで10a当たり10kgカリウムとなるよう別途施肥を行い、栽培中の要素欠乏を防いだ。また、固形肥料H、hは、硫酸アンモニウムを用いて、窒素の要素量当たりで10a当たり10kg全窒素となるよう別途施肥を行った。施肥21日後に収穫し、乾燥重量を測定することで小松菜の成長量を評価した(n=3)。結果を図1~6に示す。
Claims (9)
- 次の成分(A)及び(B):
(A)下記一般式(I)
R2R1NCH2COCH2CH2COR3 (I)
(式中、R1及びR2は各々独立に、水素原子、アルキル基、アシル基、アルコキシカルボニル基、アリール基又はアラルキル基を示し;R3はヒドロキシ基、アルコキシ基、アシルオキシ基、アルコキシカルボニルオキシ基、アリールオキシ基、アラルキルオキシ基又はアミノ基を示す。)で表される5-アミノレブリン酸、その誘導体又はそれらの塩、
(B)固形肥料原料
を含有することを特徴とする固形肥料。 - 表面が被覆材で被覆されている請求項1記載の固形肥料。
- 被覆材が石油系ワックスである請求項2記載の固形肥料。
- 硝酸アンモニウム、硫酸アンモニウム及び硝酸カリウムから選ばれる少なくとも1種を固形肥料中に窒素含量として1質量%以上、又はリン酸を固形肥料中にP2O5換算で1質量%以上含有する請求項1~3のいずれか1項記載の固形肥料。
- 形状が、粒状及び塊状から選ばれるものである請求項1~4のいずれかに記載の固形肥料。
- 固形肥料原料(B)に、下記一般式(I)
R2R1NCH2COCH2CH2COR3 (I)
(式中、R1及びR2は各々独立に、水素原子、アルキル基、アシル基、アルコキシカルボニル基、アリール基又はアラルキル基を示し;R3はヒドロキシ基、アルコキシ基、アシルオキシ基、アルコキシカルボニルオキシ基、アリールオキシ基、アラルキルオキシ基又はアミノ基を示す。)で表される5-アミノレブリン酸、その誘導体又はそれらの塩(A)を含有する溶液を噴霧添加する工程、及び乾燥する工程を含むことを特徴とする請求項1記載の固形肥料の製造方法。 - さらに、溶融したワックス状物質で被覆する工程を含む請求項6記載の固形肥料の製造方法。
- ワックス状物質が石油系ワックスである請求項7記載の固形肥料の製造方法。
- 石油系ワックスがパラフィンワックスである請求項8記載の固形肥料の製造方法。
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JP2014189469A (ja) * | 2013-03-28 | 2014-10-06 | Cosmo Oil Co Ltd | 5−アミノレブリン酸類含有固形肥料 |
JP6491380B1 (ja) * | 2018-03-19 | 2019-03-27 | 雅哉 齋藤 | 液肥成分含有穀物ペレットを混入した粒状混合固形肥料の製造方法 |
WO2020184327A1 (ja) * | 2019-03-11 | 2020-09-17 | 雅哉 齋藤 | 液肥成分含有有機物を内部に保持する固形肥料の製造方法 |
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