hong
English edit
Etymology 1 edit
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Verb edit
hong
- (obsolete) past of hang
- 1590, Edmund Spenser, “Book II, Canto VII”, in The Faerie Queene. […], London: […] [John Wolfe] for William Ponsonbie, →OCLC:
- Lyke an huge cave hewne out of rocky clifte,
From whose rough vaut the ragged breaches hong
Etymology 2 edit
From Cantonese 行 (hong4, “trade, business”). (This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “Could someone with knowledge of Cantonese verify this etymology? Is it a shortening of 洋行”)
Pronunciation edit
- (UK) IPA(key): /hɒŋ/
- (General American) IPA(key): /hɔŋ/
- (cot–caught merger) IPA(key): /hɑŋ/
- Rhymes: -ɒŋ
Noun edit
hong (plural hongs)
- A foreign trading company in China.
- 1901, Hezekiah Butterworth, “1.Strange Things to Be Seen in China – Jataka Tales – the Boxers – American Tea-farms”, in Traveller Tales of China or the Story-Telling Hongs, Boston: Dana Estes & Company, page 11:
- "You and your son are about to visit China," said a Chinese agent of an old and established hong in Canton. […] The speaker was Ah Hue, or Ah Hue-Ling. He had made a reputation for honorable dealing as an agent of the tea trade.
- 1935, William Ukers, All About Tea:
- In this partly manufactured state they are sold to collectors, who re-sell them to tea hongs, or factories, and these hongs in turn resell to middlemen, who supply the foreign exporter.
- 1997 August 7, “Superman versus the hong”, in The Economist[1], →ISSN:
- Even though China's red flag now flutters above them, some 40% of the offices are still owned by Hongkong Land, an immensely wealthy company that is part of the Jardine Matheson group, the biggest of the British-owned “hongs” and the one that did most to establish the British territory.
See also edit
Anagrams edit
Irish edit
Noun edit
hong m
- h-prothesized form of ong
Verb edit
hong
- h-prothesized form of ong
Ludian edit
Etymology edit
From Proto-Finnic *honka. Cognates include Finnish honka.
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
hong
- forest pine
Declension edit
This noun needs an inflection-table template.
Mandarin edit
Romanization edit
hong
- Nonstandard spelling of hōng.
- Nonstandard spelling of hóng.
- Nonstandard spelling of hǒng.
- Nonstandard spelling of hòng.
Usage notes edit
- Transcriptions of Mandarin into the Latin script often do not distinguish between the critical tonal differences employed in the Mandarin language, using words such as this one without indication of tone.
Palauan edit
Etymology edit
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
hong
References edit
- hong in Palauan Language Online: Palauan-English Dictionary, at tekinged.com.
- hong in Palauan-English Dictionary, at trussel2.com.
- hong in Lewis S. Josephs, Edwin G. McManus, Masa-aki Emesiochel (1977) Palauan-English Dictionary, University Press of Hawaii, →ISBN, page 91.
Veps edit
Etymology edit
From Proto-Finnic *honka.
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
hong
- old or dead forest pine
Declension edit
Inflection of hong (inflection type 6/kuva) | |||
---|---|---|---|
nominative sing. | hong | ||
genitive sing. | hongan | ||
partitive sing. | hongad | ||
partitive plur. | hongid | ||
singular | plural | ||
nominative | hong | hongad | |
accusative | hongan | hongad | |
genitive | hongan | hongiden | |
partitive | hongad | hongid | |
essive-instructive | hongan | hongin | |
translative | hongaks | hongikš | |
inessive | hongas | hongiš | |
elative | hongaspäi | hongišpäi | |
illative | hongaha | hongihe | |
adessive | hongal | hongil | |
ablative | hongalpäi | hongilpäi | |
allative | hongale | hongile | |
abessive | hongata | hongita | |
comitative | honganke | hongidenke | |
prolative | hongadme | hongidme | |
approximative I | honganno | hongidenno | |
approximative II | hongannoks | hongidennoks | |
egressive | hongannopäi | hongidennopäi | |
terminative I | hongahasai | hongihesai | |
terminative II | hongalesai | hongilesai | |
terminative III | hongassai | — | |
additive I | hongahapäi | hongihepäi | |
additive II | hongalepäi | hongilepäi |
Vietnamese edit
Etymology edit
Compare Chinese 烘 (hōng), Thai แห้ง (hɛ̂ɛng).
Pronunciation edit
- (Hà Nội) IPA(key): [hawŋ͡m˧˧]
- (Huế) IPA(key): [hawŋ͡m˧˧] ~ [hɔŋ˧˧]
- (Hồ Chí Minh City) IPA(key): [hawŋ͡m˧˧]
Verb edit
Zhuang edit
Pronunciation edit
- (Standard Zhuang) IPA(key): /hoːŋ˨˦/
- Tone numbers: hong1
- Hyphenation: hong
Etymology 1 edit
Noun edit
hong (Sawndip forms 𰏊 or ⿱功大 or 慌 or ⿰工空 or ⿱红工 or 啌 or 空 or 康 or 𭘎 or ⿱䒑巷 or 控, 1957–1982 spelling hoŋ)
Derived terms edit
Etymology 2 edit
From Proto-Tai *χɔːŋᴬ (“thing”). Cognate with Thai ของ (kɔ̌ɔng), Northern Thai ᨡᩬᨦ, Lao ຂອງ (khǭng), Lü ᦃᦸᧂ (ẋoang), Tai Dam ꪄꪮꪉ, Shan ၶွင် (khǎung), Zuojiang Zhuang kong.
Noun edit
hong (1957–1982 spelling hoŋ)
Zou edit
Verb edit
hong