| The Best of Prehistoric Art Index |
© 2009Smithonian Institution
© 2009International Institute of Anthropology
© 2009 Lolita Nikolova, PhD
© 2009International Institute of Anthropology
© 2009 Lolita Nikolova, PhD
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Carbon-14 analysis of charcoal
from a stone-lined pit
stratigraphically above the plaster
faces produced a date of 7100+80
B.C. ; the calibrated date is 8041±
65 B.C. (sample GrN-12965).
Thus, the plaster faces constitute
the earliest dated group of
anthropomorphic plaster sculpture
found in the Near East. (Web
information)
from a stone-lined pit
stratigraphically above the plaster
faces produced a date of 7100+80
B.C. ; the calibrated date is 8041±
65 B.C. (sample GrN-12965).
Thus, the plaster faces constitute
the earliest dated group of
anthropomorphic plaster sculpture
found in the Near East. (Web
information)
Bibliography:
Akkermans, Peter M.M.G. and Glenn M. Schwartz. 2003. The archaeology of Syria: from complex hunter-gatherers to early urban
societies (ca. 16,000-300 BC). Cambridge World Archaeology. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 83ff.
Feldman, Keffie. Online. Ain-Ghazal (Jordan) Pre-pottery Neolithic B Period pit of lime plaster human figures.
http://proteus.brown.edu/architecturebodyperformance/326
Gunter, Ann. Online [1997] Preserving Ancient Statues From Jordan an exhibition at the Arthur M. Sackler Gallery Smithsonian
Institution Washington, D.C. 28 July 1996 -- 6 April 1997. http://www.asia.si.edu/jordan/html/jordan.htm
Schmandt-Besserat, Denise (ed.) Online.. 'Ain Ghazal Excavation Reports. Vol. 1: Symbols at 'Ain Ghazal. Published under the
direction of Gary O. Rollefson and Zeidan Kafafi. http://menic.utexas.edu/ghazal/contents/tableindex.html
Schmandt-Besserat, Denise. 1992. Before Writing: From Counting to Cuneiform (2 vols.). University of Texas Press, Austin.
Wikipedia. online. 'Ain Ghazal. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/'Ain_Ghazal
Akkermans, Peter M.M.G. and Glenn M. Schwartz. 2003. The archaeology of Syria: from complex hunter-gatherers to early urban
societies (ca. 16,000-300 BC). Cambridge World Archaeology. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 83ff.
Feldman, Keffie. Online. Ain-Ghazal (Jordan) Pre-pottery Neolithic B Period pit of lime plaster human figures.
http://proteus.brown.edu/architecturebodyperformance/326
Gunter, Ann. Online [1997] Preserving Ancient Statues From Jordan an exhibition at the Arthur M. Sackler Gallery Smithsonian
Institution Washington, D.C. 28 July 1996 -- 6 April 1997. http://www.asia.si.edu/jordan/html/jordan.htm
Schmandt-Besserat, Denise (ed.) Online.. 'Ain Ghazal Excavation Reports. Vol. 1: Symbols at 'Ain Ghazal. Published under the
direction of Gary O. Rollefson and Zeidan Kafafi. http://menic.utexas.edu/ghazal/contents/tableindex.html
Schmandt-Besserat, Denise. 1992. Before Writing: From Counting to Cuneiform (2 vols.). University of Texas Press, Austin.
Wikipedia. online. 'Ain Ghazal. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/'Ain_Ghazal
Periods of development (after Keffie Feldman) (external link)
Middle Pre-Pottery Neolithic B (MPPNB) 7,250-6,500 BCE
Late Pre-Pottery Neolithic B (LPPNB) 6,500-6,000 BCE
Pre-Pottery Neolithic C (PPNC) 6,000-5,500 BCE
Yarmoukian Pottery Neolithic 5,500-5,000 BCE
Middle Pre-Pottery Neolithic B (MPPNB) 7,250-6,500 BCE
Late Pre-Pottery Neolithic B (LPPNB) 6,500-6,000 BCE
Pre-Pottery Neolithic C (PPNC) 6,000-5,500 BCE
Yarmoukian Pottery Neolithic 5,500-5,000 BCE
| 'Ain-Ghazal (Central Jordan) |