Prophet Mohammed cartoons controversy: timeline

From Danish newspaper Jyllands-Posten's cartoon depicting the Prophet Mohammed as a terrorist with a bomb in 2005 to Charlie Hebdo and Texas shootings, we look at how the cartoons row has developed

Iraqi Shiite Muslims stomp on a painting of the Danish flag denouncing the country's publication of a cartoon of Muhammad in February 2006
Iraqi Shiite Muslims stomp on a painting of the Danish flag denouncing the country's publication of a cartoon of Muhammad in February 2006 Credit: Photo: Alaa al-Marjani/AP

2005

September 30

Series of cartoons, some depicting the Prophet Mohammed as a terrorist with a bomb, published by Danish newspaper Jyllands-Posten.

2006

January 10

Norwegian newspaper Magazinet reprints the cartoons.

January 27

Protests begin to spread across the Middle East.

January 30

Gunmen raid the EU’s offices in Gaza, demanding an apology over the cartoons.

January 31

Danish paper apologises for publishing cartoons.

February 1

Newspapers in France, Germany, Italy and Spain reprint the caricatures in defiance.

February 4 -7

Danish and Norwegian embassies attacked across Middle East.

February 8

French satirical magazine Charlie Hebdo republishes the cartoons along with its own front page of Mohammed, saying: “It’s hard to be loved by imbeciles.”

2007

February 6

Charlie Hebdo sued by Muslim groups for publicly “insulting” Islam. Francois Hollande testifies in favour of freedom of expression.

February 7

French newspaper Libération reprints the Mohammed cartoons anew.

March 22

Charlie Hebdo cleared of “racial insults” for publishing controversial Danish cartoons.

July 18

Four men jailed for soliciting to murder after telling a crowd to bomb the UK over cartoons.

2008

February 12

Danish cartoonist Kurt Westergaard

Danish cartoonist Kurt Westergaard (AFP)

Danish police arrest several suspected of planning to murder cartoonist Kurt Westergaard.

February 13

Several Danish newspapers, including Jyllands-Posten, reprint one of the cartoons.

March 19

Video from Osama bin Laden threatens EU over reprinting of the cartoon, which he claims is part of a “new Crusade” against Islam led by the Pope.

2010

January 1

Mohamed Geele, a 28-year-old Somali Muslim, enters Danish cartoonist Kurt Westergaard’s house with an axe and knife. He is shot by police, and later jailed for nine years for attempted murder and terrorism.

December 29

Danish and Swedish intelligence services arrest five men for allegedly planning massacre of Jyllands-Posten newsdesk.

2011

November 2

The offices of Charlie Hebdo after they were destroyed by a petrol bomb  in 2011

The offices of Charlie Hebdo after they were burned in 2011 (AFP)

Charlie Hebdo’s Paris offices are burned in an apparent arson attack on day after it publishes issue with the Prophet Mohammed as “editor-in-chief”. He is depicted on the front page saying: “100 lashes if you don’t die of laughter”.

2012

September 19

Charlie Hebdo once again publishes cartoons of the Prophet Mohammed just one year after arson attack. The front cover, with the headline “The Untouchables 2”, shows the Prophet in a wheelchair saying “You musn’t mock”. Another cartoon inside the magazine depicts the Prophet naked.

September 20

Riot police deployed around Charlie Hebdo’s offices in Paris and the magazine’s website is attacked.

December 8

Two Muslim organisations launched legal proceedings against Charlie Hebdo, accusing it of inciting racial hatred.

2013

January 2

Charlie Hebdo releases a 65-page special edition illustrated biography of the Muslim prophet.

2015

January 7

Police officers and firefighters gather in front of the offices of the Charlie Hebdo in Paris

Police officers and firefighters gather in front of the offices of the Charlie Hebdo (AFP)

Charlie Hebdo’s new Paris offices attacked by armed gunmen, killing 12, after publishing issue featuring Michel Houellebecq’s novel Submission – a fictional vision of France under Islamic rule in 2022 described as 'Islamophobic’ by critics.

January 14

Charlie Hebdo publishes 3 million copies of new edition showing Prophet Mohammed holding 'Je Suis Charlie' sign

May 3

Two gunmen shot dead after opening fire at an art exhibition in Texas where caricatures of the Prophet Mohammed were being displayed.

The contest, which was offering a top prize of $10,000 (£6,000), had received about 350 entries depicting Muhammad.