US2365325A - Clutch mechanism for calculating machines - Google Patents

Description

Dec. 19, 1944. T, AVERY 2,365,325

CLUTCH MECHANISM FOR CALCULATING MACHINES Filed Sept; 20, 1945 12 Sheets-Sheet 1 FLE. J

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QQQQQQO OQO Q0 MON NUJbU GINCDtD r- NQIhU QNCDCO Z00 IZZ Z373 29/0 Z20 INVENTOR. Herald 7. Are/y ATTORNEYS Dec. 19, 1944.,

:ElE-Ei H. T. AVERY CLUTCH MECHANISM FOR CALCULATING MACHINES Filed Sept. 20 1943 12 Sheets-Sheet 2 I IN V EN TOR. Hare/o Z'AVe/y ummy;

Dec. 19, 1944. H. T. AVERY CLUTCH MECHANISM FOR CALCULATING MACHINES INVENTOR. Harold 7.' Aye/y.

Filed Sept. 20 1943 12 Sheets-Sheet 5 Dec. 19, 1944. H. T. AVERY CLUTCH MECHANISM FOR CALCULATING MACHINES Filed Sept. 20, 1943 12 Sheets-Sheet 4 IE I E 1 II] FlELllA IE'IEJIB IEIBJIC FlEI l1D 1 15-115 //-0- INVENTOR Hero/d 7.' Ave/y. 5113452 8% V W ATTORNEYJ Dec. 19, 1944. H. T. AVERY 2,365,325

CLUTCH MECHANISM FOR CALCULATING MACHINES Filed Sept. 20, 1943 12 Sheets-Sheet 5 v E $5 HMQ E W m HEM Dec. 19, 1944. AVERY I 2,365,325

CLUTCH MECHANISM FOR CALCULATING MACHINES Filed Sept. 20, 1943 12 Sheets-Sheet 6 Dec. 19, 1944. H AVERY 2,365,325

CLUTCH MECHANISM FOR CALCULATING MACHINES Filed Sept. 20, 1943 12 Sheets-Sheet 7 Dec. 19, 1944. 1-, AVERY 2,365,325

CLUTCH MECHANISM FOR CALCULATING MACHINES Filed Sept. 20. 1943 -12 Sheets-Sheet a 970 g aw INVENTO R. Ham/q Z'Avery.

ATTORNEY.

H. T. AVERY Dec. '19, 1944.

I CLUTCH MECHANISM FOR CALCULATING MACHINES 12 Sheets-Sheet 9 Filed Sept. 20, 1945 IN V EN TOR Ha m M 7. Avery.

A TTORNE Y.

Dec. 19, 1944. H. T. AVERY CLUTCH MECHANISM FOR CALCULATING MACHINES -Filed Sept. 20, 19 43 12 Sheets-Sheet 10 Q I g a INVENTOR Ham/d 7' Avery A TTORNEY.

Dec. 19, 1944. H. T. AVERY CLUTCH MECHANISM FOR CALCULATING MACHINES Filed Sept. 20. 1945 12 Shets-Sheet 11 igiuiumii.

INVEN TOR. Ham/d T. Avery.

' ATTORNEY Dec. 19, 1944. H, VER 2,365,325

CLUTCH MECHANISM FOR CALCULATING MACHINES Filed Sept. 20, 1943 12 Sheets-Sheet 12 IN V EN TOR. Hare/a Z' Avery.

A TTORNE Y.

Patented Dec. 19 1944 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE CLUTCH MECHANISM FOR CALCULATING MACHINES Harold T. Avery, Oakland, Calif., assignor to Marchant Calculating Machine Company a corporation of California Application September 20, 1943, Serial No. 503,056

15 Claims. (01. 192-48) vand more particularly to an improved arrangement of such control devices whereby a plurality of mechanisms driven by separate clutches may be caused to operate sequentially in response to a single mechanical or manual operation such as the depression of a key or a. plurality of juxtaposed keys.

The invention in its broad aspects is particularly applicable in several forms to calculating machines having a plurality of clutches which must act sequentially to condition the machine for calculations and institute the performance of such calculations. In certain applications, ,for instance, it is desirable to clear the quotient register as an incident to the initiation of an automatic division operation. This is accomplished, according to the present invention, by utilizing theautomatic division starting key both to initiate operation of a. clutch acting to clear the register and also to release a spring device for initiating operation of a second clutch acting to cause initiation of the calculation; restraining the actual initiation of operation of the second clutch by interlocking devices which are effective during the time the first clutch is" in operation. In other applications, for instance, it is desirable to make possible the simultaneous depression of a plurality of keys, such as register clearing and carriage shifting keys, so as to require only a single manual stroke by the operator, and yet to insure that the individually operable clutches controlled by such keys will act sequentially rather than simultaneously. This is accompllshed, according to the present invention, by arranging all, or at least all but one of such keys to release spring devices for initiating operation of their respective clutches; restraining the aetual initiation of operation of all but one of said clutches by interlockingldevices-released sequentlally'but eifectivewhile any clutch is in operation.

It is thereiore a principal object of the invention to provide improved means for enecting automatic sequential operation of a plurality of clutch driven mechanisms.

A further important object is to render such automatic sequential operation responsive to a single control movement.

A further important object is to make possible selectively either independent or automatic sequential operation of a plurality of clutch driven mechanisms.

Other objects and advantages of the invention will appear from the following detailed desci'iption of specific embodiments of the invention,

reference being had to the accompanying drawings forming a part of this specification in which drawingsi Figure 1 is a plan view of a machine embody ing one form of the invention, showing the location of the tabulator keys and the master tabulator key in relation to the clear keys for restoring the several registers to zero.

Figure 2 is a longitudinal section, as viewed from the right side of said machine, showing part of the standard key section, the complete tabulator key section and the mechanism controlled thereby to position the control levers.

Figure 3 is a detailed sectional view, taken on the line 3--3 of Figure 2 showing the interlocks between the tabulator key stems.

Figure 4 is a longitudinal section, as viewed from the right, showing the tabulator operating bail and link,- provided to initiate a shift.

Figure 5 is a detailed sectional view, from the right side of said machine, showing the mechanism for maintaining the shift mechanism in operation until the desired-carriage position ,is reached and the restraining latch, which disables said mechanism when a directional shift key is operated.

Figure 6 is a detailed sectional view from the right showing the means for disabling the tab'ulator shift initiating mechanism when the carriage is in its tabulated position.

Figure 7 is an enlarged sectional view taken on line of Figure 5. Figure 8 is a detailed sectional view from the right, showing the mechanism for determining the direction of the shift, and related mechanism.

Figure 9 is a longitudinal section, as viewed from the right, showing the master tabulator key and linkage operated thereby to trip the main operating lever, and means for recocking said operating lever. 1

, Figure 10 isan enlarged perspective view of the tabulator control levers and their relative. position to the tabulator controller.

Figures 11A, 11B, 11C, 11D, and 11E are schematic sectional views, taken on the lines I IA, I IB,

HO, IID, and HE of Figure 12, showing the several positions of the control levers in relation to the shaft to which they are keyed.

I Figure 12 is a schematic view showing the relation of the control levers to the tabulator controller and the means for stopping the shift when the carriage reaches its extreme end positions.

Figure 13 is a detailed sectional view of the planetary shift clutch and its connection to the carriage.

. Figure 14 is a view in elevation of the right side of the planetary shift clutch and its linkage to the tabulator operating arm.

Figure 14A is a fragmentary view in elevation showing the two directional shift keys and the means operable thereby controlling the mechanism shown in Figure 14.-

Figure 15 is a detailed sectional view taken on the line I I 5 of Figure 16.

.igure 16 is a fragmentary view, in elevation, of the left side of the machine, showing the driving means from the carriage to the tabulator worm shaft.

Figure 1'1 is a detail section, as viewed from the right, showing the keyboard dial clear key, and its associated clear bail.

Figure 18 is a detail section, as viewed from the right, showing the clear bail and means for releasing the numeral keys of the keyboard.

Figure 19 is a longitudinal section, as viewed from the right, showing the counter and product dial clear keys, and the control exerted thereby, over the clear clutches, and the interlocking means between the clearing and shifting control mechanisms.

Figure 20 is a partial top exterior view of a machine embodying a second form of the invention, showing the various control keys and associated mechanism;'-

Figure 21 is a right side view of the division and shift keys and associated mechanism employed in said second form of the invention.

Figure 22 is a right side view of one of the clear keys and the control connections to the clear clutch, together with the connection between the division key linkage and the clear clutch control mechanism employed in said second form of the invention. Figure 23 is a right side view of the division key and clear clutch structures employed in said second form of the invention, the clear clutch being in approximately mid-cycle position so as to illustrate the operation of the interlocks and associated mechanism; and

Figure 24 is a right side view of the shift keys and one of the clear keys as embodied in said second form of the invention, illustrating the means for disabling the clear clutch controls.

The invention as embodied in the machine illustrated in Figures 1 to 19, inclusive, will first be described in detail.

Carriage shifting mechanism The controlling mechanism embodying the present invention to be hereinafter described is designed to control carriage shifting mechanismof the type used inthe commercially known Merchant calculating machines. It is, therefore, desirable to give a brief description of the operation of this carriage shifting mechanism An electric motor (not shown) is connected through suitable gears and shafts to gear"! (Figure 13) to drive the shift clutch, said gear before an explanation of the novel controls therer for.

being rotatably mounted on shaft I306 which is positioned between the center and right side frames of the machine described in the Avery Patent Number 2,271,240 issued on January 27, 1942. Gear 648, used to drive unrelated mechanlsms, is also rotatably mounted on shaft I306 y a flanged sleeve I301 which is keyed to the hub of gear 362 and secured by rivets to gear 646, the same rivets affixing a dished ring gear supporting disc I309 to the said gear 648.

The shift clutch comprises an internal ring gear I3I5 secured to the supporting disc I30! and in mesh with three'planetary gears I3I6 (Figures 13 and 14) riveted to each of three shafts I3I1, respectively, which extend through clearance holes provided in a ratchet wheel I303 and have end-bearings in plates I3I8 and I3I9; said plates and said ratchet wheel being secured together as a rigid unit by studs I303a. Th gears I3I6 mesh also with a sun gear I320 formed upon one end of a sleeve I32I, to the opposite end of which is keyed a second ratchet wheel I305. Gear teeth I322 formed on the shafts I3I1 mesh with a second sun gear I321 to which is secured gear I324 by" which power is transmitted from the shift clutch to the shift drive train.

This shift clutch may be operated to transmit power to the shift drive train selectively rotating the same in either direction. Gear 362 is always rotated when the motor is running, thereby driving gear 648 and ring gear I3 I 5 so that planetary gears I3I6 and their associated gears I322 normally revolve idly about sun gear I321. If the ratchet wheel I303 is held, however, as when a dog 4302 (Figure 14') is rocked into engagement therewith, revolution of th planetary gears I3I6 and gear I322 about sun gear I320 and I321 is prevented and said planetary gears function as idlers to transmit the drive to the sun gear I321 and its associated gear I324. If, however, the other ratchet wheel I305 is held by the dog I304 (Figure 14), being rocked into engagement therewith, sun gear I320 (Figure 13) will be held stationary and the planetary gears I3I6 and gear I322 will all rotate about their own centers and revolve about sun gear I322, thereby drivin the gear I324 in the opposite direction. Furthermore, if the clutch control dog I30I is in its neutral position, shown in Figure 14, wherein neither dog 4302 or I364 is engaged, the differential-merely idles and there is no drive to the shifting mechanism.

The direction of rotation of the gear I324 determines the direction of the shift of the carriage. The gear I326 meshing with gear I324 is rotatably mounted on shaft I33I (Figure 13) between friction disc I330 and I332 keyed to said shaft. A sleeve I333 also is mounted on shaft I33I and supports a cam I334 thereon while a disc I336 is keyed to the shaft I33I. A disc I362 (see also Figure 14) on which are two rollers I363 used to function with centralizer I364, is also keyed to the shaft I33I and spring I331 is compressed between washer I330 and lock nuts I333 on the threaded end of said shaft. This construction provides for a friction drive connection between gear I326 and shaft I33I effected by ,the discs I330 and I332, which are ressed against the gear I326 by spring I331 bearing against the washer accuses carriage 2350 (Figure 16), and thus, upon rota.-

tion of the assembly 350 by shaft 334, serves to drive the carriage laterally to the right or to the left.

The carriage may be released for free traverse by rocking rack 355 (Figure 16) about shaft 34I upwardly out of engagement with rollers 351. I

This rack may be rocked about its shaft 3 by means of arm 335 which extends through the cover of the carriag and carries a handle 335. Said arm is normally pulled against a. stop 330 by spring 331 so that upon depression of said lever the spring is tensioned, and the rack 355 is rocked in a clockwise direction out of engagement with roller 351.

In this manner the carriage can b freed and moved to any desired lateral position, but if the operator should stop the carriage out of an operatin position the teeth of the rack will not be aligned with the roller 351 and when the handle 336 is released the rack 355 will rest on top of the rollers 351, where it will remain until the shaft 334 is rotated in an attempt to shift the carriage.

When this takes place, however,one of the rollers 351 during the first shift cycle will become aligned with a tooth space, thereby allowing the rack to be forced downwardly into engagement with one of the rollers by spring 331, and durin the ensuing shift cycles will be traversed thereby to a selected position in the regular way.

Carriage shift controlling mechanism Means are provided to alternatively rock either dog 4302 or I304 (Figure 14) into engagement with clutch ratchet I303 or I305, respectively, to effect a rightward or leftward carriage shift. Said means comprises a lever I400 fixed on shaft 2485 and having at its upper end, two facing lugs I400, and a lever 248I, also provided'with two identical facing lugs I480. The lever 240I, however, is freely rockable on shaft 2485 adjacent lever I480, and a spring I490 is compressed besaid link being provided with a notch 2414 on the right end thereof to embrace a lateral extension 241I formed on the lower end of lever 4315,

whereby longitudinal movement of link 2403 will effect rocking movement of lever 4315 about its supporting shaft 4310. The upper end of lever 4315 is attached toa link 4314 so that the rocking of lever 4315 imparts longitudinal movement to"- link 4314 which has at its rear end an aperture in which are two facing lugs I5I0. Adjacent the rear end thereof,v is another linkv II with an identical aperture, also with two facing lugs I5I0. Links 4314 and I5 are yieldably connected by compression spring I5I2 located'over the four lugs I5I0.

Link I5I I is pivotally connected at its forward end to the shift clutch control dog I30l by stud I5l3, so that longitudinal movement of link 4314 will cause the clutch control'dog to rock about shaft I299. As previously described under the sub-heading Carriage shifting mechanism, control dog I30I constitutes the controlling means for the shift clutch 4300, and the direction of the rocking of control dog I30I determines the direction of the shift by its engagement with ratchet wheel I303 or I305.

Two levers are fixed to shaft 2485 from which control of said shaft is derived, one being a tabulator operating lever I250 (Figure 14), the function of which will be described hereinafter in connection with the Tabulator initiating mechanism and lever "2482 (Figure 14A), which is actuated by the shift keys 2405 and 2400 to directly eflect shifting of the carriage in either direction.

As shown in Figure 14A, these keys are mounted on the usual vertically sliding stems, which'are connected by links I401 and 2408, pivotally connected at pin 2409. Spring 24I0 tensioned between one of said links and the machine frame, normally retains both keys in raised position, but upon depression of one of the keys the pin 2409 is moved either to the right or to the left, according to the key depressed, being guided in such movements by a fixed member 24I1 which also serves to prevent simultaneous depression of the keys. The pin 2409 is embraced by the bifurcated upper end of lever 2402, mentioned above as one of the two levers fixed to shaft 2405. Therefore, it will be seen that upon depression of the shift key 2405 the pin 2409 is moved to the right, rocking lever 2482 and shaft 2485 clockwise to engage dog 4302 with ratchet wheel I303 and effect a rightward carriage shift, while upon depression of shift key 2406 the pin 2409 is moved to the left, rocking the lever 2482 and shaft 2405 counter-clockwise to engage dog I304 with ratchet I305 and effect a carriage shift to the left, in a manner described hereinbefore.

Means are provided whereby the dogs 4302 and I304 are held in engagement with their respective ratchet wheels during approximately the first three quarters of the shift cycle, to insure the completion of any initiated shift no matter how quickly the key is released. On a leftward extension of the clutch control dog I30I (Figure 14). is a formed ear I354 engaging the projection I353 of the latch I350, said latch being pivotally mounted at I35I and urged into engagement with said ear by spring I352. When control dog I 30l is moved, either clockwise or counter-clockwise, the ear I354 isheld by latch I350 which rocks about shaft I35I under the tension of Spring I352 and seats its projection I353 either above or below ear I354, thus latching the clutch control dog' I30I against return movement.

Provision is made for additionally tensioning spring- I352 at the beginning of the shift cycle,

and for this purpose centralizer I304 is utilized, the upper end of spring I352 being attached to the extreme left end thereof. When the shift clutch 4300 first begins to rotate, rollers I353, mounted on disc I302, revolve about shaft I "I and in their movement, one of said rollers earns the centralize: I334 upwardly, thereby exerting more and more tension on spring I352 until the shaft I33I has made one-quarter of a rotation.

Provision is made for moving latch I350 (Figure I4) to release ear I354 at about three-quarter cycle position. It will be seen that the cam I334, utilized for this purpose, includes two opposite rises over which a nose I351 of latch I350 rides. Upon counter-clockwise rotation of the cam from the position shown in Figure 14, the nose I351 rides over one of these at the end of about threequarters of its cycle. To secure the same cyclic time of operation of latch I350 for the reverse rotation-of shaft I33I, the cam I334, which is free on shaft I33I, is driven by the disc I335 keyed to said shaft and having two shoulders I360 on opposite sides thereof so that upon clockwise rotation of disc I335 from the position shown in Figure 14, pin I36I on the cam I334 is engaged by the shoulder I360 on the opposite side, only after the disc has rotated about three-eighths of a rotation (which is three-quarters of its cycle), and the rocking of latch I350 and disengagement of ear I354 occurs at the correct cyclic time.

' When the latch I350 is thus released, the clutch control dog I30I is automatically centralized to remove the effective dog 4302 or I304 from engagement with its ratchet. For this purpose, a centralizer I403 is pivotally mounted in the machine frame at I404, and provided with a lug I403a extending laterally into engagement with lever 4315 above the pivot 4316, and an adjustable lug 24I1 having an offset 24; engaging the lever 4315 below said pivot. The centralizer is pressed against the lever 4315 by a spring I400 tensioned between a lateral extension I402 and a stud I40I in the machine frame. Thus, the centralizer I403 tends to maintain the lever 4315 in a neutral position in which the clutch dog I30l will be ineffective, and will return it to said neutral position automatically upon release of latch I350, provided the operating keys 2405 and 2406 are released.

Although the drive to the carriage through the shift clutch is thus terminated at, approximately three-quarter cycle position, the shift drive train will be rotated through the remainder of its cycle, consisting of one-quarter rotation of shaft I33I, by the centralizer I364, pressed by spring I352 against rollers I363 on disc I352 secured to said shaft. In addition to completing th shift cycle, the centralizer I364 and rollers I353 also serve to restrain any movements beyond the end of the cycle so that the carriage will always come to rest in an operating position.

Tabulator setting mechanism The machine shown in Figure 1 is one in which the carriage may be moved to eight different operating positions and it therefore has eight tabulator selection keys 200, but could have more or less, depending upon the capacity of the machine, and it is to be understood that the mechanism controlled by each of the tabulator selection keys is duplicated in all orders of the machine, but that only one order will be described in detaiL.

' The tabulator selection keys 200 have two primary functions; first, to position the tabulator controlling mechanism for a' shift in the correct direction; and, second, to initiate a shift.

The means provided to condition the tabulating selection mechanism are operable by any one I key frame 208, securely held in a lateral position in the machine by two brackets 203 attached to the front frame plate of the machine.

Each key 200 is normally held in a raised position by compression spring 204 compressed between the frame 203 and an ear 2I2 of stem 202. On the'lower end of each stem 202 is a notch adapted to embrace the lateral extension 2II of a lever 2I5, rockably mounted on shaft 230, so that downward movement of the stem 202 will impart counter-clockwise movement to lever 2I5 about shaft 236. A roller H6 is riveted on the rearwardly extending arm of lever 2I5 and is adapted to impinge one or the other of the divergent sides 23I of an aligned one of a series of tabulator control levers 280 and cam it to the position shown in Figure 2. The mechanism shown in this figure is that of an order in which the key 200 has been depressed and all parts are in the position they assume when the carriage has come to rest in its tabulated position.

Means are provided to latch the stem 202 in a partially depressed position so that the key 200 of which it is a part will remain depressed until the latch means is released by the depression of another one of the series of tabulator selection keys 200. Lugs 200 (Figure 3), on the lower end of the stems 202, are provided with a curved surface at the bottom, adapted to cam the lock bar of the tabulator selection keys 200 consisting of two functionally integral portions which are preferably made separate for convenience in manufacture and assembly. The upper portion or each 2I3 to the right, against a compression spring (not shown) during the downward movement of a stem 202 until 'its lu 209 passes beneath the lock bar 2I3, and thus allows saidlock bar to spring back to a position overlying the top of lator key frame 208 by theshoulder studs 200 so that said interlocks are free to rock about their respective studs. The stems 202 are provided with arms 2 I 2 (Figure 2) to operate against the shoulders 201 ofthe interlocks 205. As shown in Figure 3, a stem 202 has been depressed and the ear 2I2 of said stem in passing downwardly between the two adjacent interlocks 205 ha forced the interlock to the right thereof to rock counterclockwise about the stud 206, and similarly has forced the interlock to the left thereof in a clockwise direction. In these movements of the interlocks, the opposite shoulder 201 abuts the adjacent shoulder of the next interlock 205, and so on,

until all interlocks to the left f the depressed stem 202 have been rocked clocL1wise and all interlocks to the right of said stem have been rocked counter-clockwise to positions where their shoulders 201 lie in the pathof the ears 2I2 of all raised stems 202, thereby limiting the depression of a second key to only that amount which will Tabulator controlling mechanism An indication of the desired position of the carriage'having been set into the tabulator control mechanism by the depression of one of the keys 200,- it is also necessary to set into said mechanism an indication of the present position of the carriage, and for this latter purpose a tabulator controller 210 (Figures 2 and movable in time with the lateral shifting movement of the carriage,'is provided. Tabulator controller 210 is riveted, or otherwise secured, to two rearwardly extending arms 2' of the bail 219. Said bail is mounted on, and is free to move rockably and transversely on the worm shaft 215, and between the flanges of the bail 219, from which arms 21! are extended, is a bushing 213 and a nut 212 which engages the groove of the worm shaft 215. On one end of the nut 212 (Figure 10) is a flange 269, having a bifurcation 214 formed on one side thereof, adapted to embrace an angle plate 210 (Figure 2), secured to key frame 208, thereby preventing rotation of the nut 212 with the shaft 215 and causing rotation of said shaft to effect transverse movement of the nut 212, the bail 219, and the controller 21!).

Means are provided whereby movement of the carriage" will drive the worm shaft 215 (Figures 10 and 16) at such a rate as will impart alateral movement to the controller 210 proportionate to the movement of the carriage, but in the opposite direction; this opposite directional drive being necessary only because the number one tabulator selection key 200 is preferably situated at the extreme right side of the keyboard while the number one position of the carriage is at the extreme left. For this purpose a driving rack 333 (Figures 15 and 16) is attached to the carriage 2352 and ha downwardly protruding teeth adapted to engage a spur gear 332 fixed to the.

upper end of a shaft 330. Two brackets 33l and 321, secured to the machine frame, support the upper and lower ends of shaft 33!), respectively, bracket 33l having a bearing fixed thereto, while the bracket 32? supports an adjustable thrust bearing 329, in which the lower end of the shaft 330 is journaled while a nut 328 permits adjustment of said thrust bearing to insure the correct clearance between a bevel gear 326 secured to the lower end of shaft 330 and a second bevel gear 325 fixed to the left end of worm shaft215. This L construction affords a positive drive from the carriage 2358 to the worm shaft'215 and the correct timing thereof, and in viewing Figure 15 it will be seen that leftward movement of rack 333 imparts counter-clockwise rotation to gear 332,

shaft 330, and bevel gear 326 (Figure 16) which in turn rotates bevel gear 325 in mesh therewith and. its integral shaft 215 in a clockwise direction to ultimately produce a rightward movement of controller 210 (Figure 10).

The controller 210 (Figure 10) is so mounted as to permit it to rock a sufficient amount about its shaft 215 to freely follow'the movement of control levers 280 as they are rocked about shaft 285 from one to another of their various displaced positions. Two projections 26851-5 (Figure 2) are provided on the flange 269 of thehut 212 to serve as ,limit stops for the bail 219 connecting arms 21!. The distance between the projections 238, however, is enough greater than the width of the bail to allow the required movement of the contrailer 21!) and bushing 213 with respect to the nut 212 and member 269.

Shaft 285 (Figure 2) is provided with a wide keyway into which keys 282 of members 280. extend; said keys being sufllciently narrower than;

their'keyway to permit limited rocking movement of each of the levers 280 with respect to shaft 285.

The controller-.210 extends laterally a sufficient distance to insure that it will always engage in the recesses 21!; of at least three adjacent members 280, and has three steps of different elevation, 211, 216a, and 218 (Figure 12), by virtue of which it positively positions the control levers 280 engaged thereby at as great a stagger with relation to each other as the keyway of shaft 285 will permit (see Figures 11B, 11C, and 1113). Each lever 280 has a laterally formed ear 283 overlying a nose 284 on the next lever to the right in such a manner that when a lever is positioned clockwise as shown in Figure 11D, all those to the right of it are positioned equally far clockwise, and when a lever is positioned counterclockwise as shown in Figure 113, all to the left of it are positioned equally far counter-clockwise. Thus controller 210 serves to positively locate all levers 280 with respect to the keyway in shaft 285, the lever 280 engaged by the middle of controller 210 having its key located centrally of the keyway, all those to the right thereof against the lower side of the keyway and all those to the left against the upper side. I

When a tabulator selection key 200 is depressed, a roller 2l8 (Figure 2} is moved upwardly to rock its respective lever 28!} into a definite angular position, thereby rocking shaft 285 into a position determined by the angular relation existing between the lever 28E) andthe keyway in shaft 285, which in turn is determined by which side of the controller 212 the key is dekeyway of shaft 285, and the lever 28015 (Figure 113) aligned with the lower step 211 has its key located against the bottom of said keyway, and

the lever 280D (Figure 11D) in line with the up per step 218 has its key 212 located against the upper surface of the keyway in said shaft.

Figures 11A to 1113, inclusive, show control levers 280 positioned as they would be with the tabulator control key in-line with lever 2800 (Figure 11C) depressed. 1

If the tabulator key in control of lever 280A positioned as shown in Figure 11A, hereinafter called order A, is now depressed, the roller 2i6 of order C will be retracted from lever 2800 by the key of order C being freed to rise under pressure of spring 204 as described hereinbefore, and the roller 2I6 of order A will press against the divergent side of 281 of control lever 280A to rotate V saidcontrol lever clockwise about shaft 285.

Now in viewing lever 280A in Figure 10, which .is from the left instead of the right as is the case of Figures 11A and 2, this setting movement of lever 280A forces its lateral extension 283 and arm 284 of lever 286B downwardly, which carries the controller 210 upward, thus rocking lever 286C and 286D counter-clockwise, Lever 286D (Figure 11D) represents the position of said lever before the setting occurred; therefore this upward movement of controller 216 just referred to, forces lever 286D further clockwise and the key 282 of said lever, being in the position shown in Figure 11D, rocks shaft 285 with it an equal amount.

If a tabulator key on the other side of controller 216 is depressed, for instance the one which controls order D (Figure 11D), the roller 2I6 of that order will be moved upwardly by said tabulator key, thereby rocking lever 286D counter-clockwise and forcingcontroller 216 downwardly, and in turn rocking levers 280C and 28613 counter-clockwise. Since the key 282 of lever 2863 (Figure 113) is against the upper surface of the keyway of shaft 285, this counter-clockwise movement rocks said shaft an equal amount in a counter-clockwise direction, instead of clockwise as was the case in the previous example. Therefore, it is evident from the foregoing that the depression of a tabulator key on one side of the controller 216 rocks shaft 285 in one direction, but the depression of a tabulator key on the other side of said controller rocks shaft 265 in the opposite direction.

Fixed on the end of shaft 265 (Figure 8) by means of a key of the same width as the keyway of the shaft, is a right end control lever 296 connected by a link 29I with a T member 292 pivotally mounted at 293 on a main starting lever 240, the operation of which will be described hereinafter.

As shaft 285 is rocked in one direction or the other, as just described, the T member 292 will be rocked about its pivot 293 to carry one of its upper arms 294 and 265 over one of the ears 25I and 252 of shift operating lever I256 which, as hereinafter described, effects operation of the carriage shifting mechanism in one direction or the other, according to the direction in which T member 292 is rocked.

shifted in order to reach the desired position having been automatically determined, means are provided for initiating operation of the shifting mechanism to move the carriage to the desired position.

As previousl described, the depression of a tabulator key 260 to the position shown in Figure 2 only conditions the tabulator controlling mechanism for a shift to a selected position. Means are provided, however, whereby a further depres-. sion of a key 260 will, if desired, actually initiate tabulation.

It will be noted that the roller 2I6 (Figure 2) of the lever 2l5 is at the entrance of the slot 289 of lever 280, having already positioned said control lever; therefore, when the lever 2l5 is rocked further counter-clockwise, upon further depression of key 206, the roller 2I6 merely rises upwardly into the slot without imparting further movement to the control lever 286, but during the said movement of lever 2I5 its shoulder in contacts the flange 231 of the bail 235 pivotally mounted on shaft 236 and provided with a link 231 (Figures 4 and 9) pivotally attached to the rearwardly extending arm thereof by the shoulder stud 233. Anotch236 (Figure 9) is formed on the forward edge of link 231 to receiveone end of a torsion spring 234, 1711 the other end of said spring is held in a hole in the rear flange of the bail 235 so as to urge the link 231 clockwise about stud 233. On the rear side of said link is a shoulder 23! adapted to operate against the lower edge of lateral extension 26I (Figure 4) of a starting interponent I266 which is rockabl mounted on a fixed stud 262, and urged to rock in a counter-clockwise direction by'a spring 263 tensioned between the aperture 264 of the lever I260 and a stationary stud (not shown), such movement being limited by the bushing 261 of shaft 285. The upper edge of the lateral extension 26I abuts the shoulder 266 (Figure 9) of the lower toggle link 265, also pivotally mounted on stud 252, the upper end of which link is pivotally attached to the upper toggle link 288 by stud 281, said upper toggle link having an elongated hole 266 at its upper end engaging a stud 242 on starting lever 246.

Said starting lever is pivotally mounted on a stud 243 attached to a frame of the machine, and to the top of its upwardly extending arm 244 is connected a tension spring 245, the lower end of which is securely fastened to the framing of the machine. This toggle link construction affords means for maintaining the starting lever 246 in its raised position (shown in Figure 9) against the tension of spring 245. It will be seen that the toggle is in a position just past center, with a pressure being exerted from spring 245 to lever 246, to upper toggle link 266, thence to lower toggle link 265 which tends to rock counter-clockwise about stud 262 under this pressure, but is limited by the bushing 261 on the shaft 285.

When the tabulator bail 235 (Figure 4) is thus rocked counter-clockwise about the shaft 236, the link 231 is raised upwardly, and being held against the lateral extension 26I of the interponent I260 by spring 224, rides along the surface of the lateral extension 2" until its shoulder 23! abuts the lower edge of said extension, whereupon it rocks the interponent I266 clockwise about the stud 262. A similar clockwise movement is imparted to lower toggle link 265 (Figure 9) by the contact of the upper edge of the lateral extension 26I against the shoulder 266 or the toggle link .265 until the toggle link joint at 261 is forced past center, at which time the is also provided for initiating operation of the tabulator mechanism. This key is provided with two stems 22I guided for vertical movement on shaft 222 (Figure 9) extending through slots 22! in said stems, and pivotally connected at 221 to upward extensions of a. bail 226 pivoted on shaft 230 and provided with a downward extension '2" adapted to contact a. lateral extension 232 of bail 235 to rock the latter when key 220 is depressed. The key is normally maintained in raised position by spring 229 tensioned between the pivot stud 221 and a stud 225 on the machine frame, but upon depression will rock bail 235 to initiate operation of the tabulator mechanism as above described.

It is possible to initiate a tabulated shift by means of this master tabulator key 220 even though no tabulator key 200 stands depressed, since the keys 200 comprise what is known in the art as a flexible keyboard and any depressed key 200 may be caused to rise by depressing any other key 200 just sufficiently to move latch bar 2I3 enough to release the latched down stem 202 and then letting up the second key before it has been depressed far enough to cause its stem 202 to be latched down by bar 2l3.

Means are provided whereby the right end control lever 290 (Figure 8) will be automatically positioned for a tabulated carriage shift/to the left whenever the master tabulator key is thus depressed without a carriage position having been selected by depressing a tabulator selection key 200. A spring 288 (Figure 8).istensioned between an upper projection 299 of end control lever 290 and a stud (not shown) riveted to a frame of the machine, so that if no tabulator key 200 is depressed so that its stem 202 is latched down, the shaft 285 will be rotated to its extreme counter-clockwise position, carrying T member 292 to the left where its arm 294 overlies ear I of operating arm I250. Thereafter upon subsequent depression of the master tabulator key 220, a shift to the left will result.

Tabulator arresting mechanism Means are provided to stop a tabulated shift when the carriage reaches its tabulated posi tion. Referring to Figure 10, assume a shift has been initiated from order C to order A in the manner previously described, in which the lever 280A and shaft 285 will have been rocked counter-clockwise (viewing Figure 10 from the left) the control lever 280A being" positively held by its roller 216 (Figure 2) and the shaft 285 being held in position by the difference in the three 'to the right and left of lever 280A clockwise, as

viewed in Figure 10. The shaft 285 thus will be freed by the levers 280 to the right of lever 280A and positively rocked clockwise by the control levers 260 to the left of lever 280A. This rocking of shaft 265 back to neutral functions to arrest the tabulated shift in a manner to be described hereinafter.

' In order to permit this movement of shaft 265 to arrest the shifting. mechanism, however, it is lever 240 and means are therefore provided to recock this starting lever (Figure 9) by power derived from the shift clutch during the first cycle of its operation. On-the downwardly ex tending arm 24I of the starting lever is riveted a roller 246 positioned to engage in the hookshaped forward end of lever 300 so that when starting lever 240 moves downwardly the lever 300 is rocked counter-clockwise about shaft and, in turn, rocks the camf ollower I341 clockwise about shaft 43I until roller I346, riveted to the rear of said cam follower; contacts the low surface of thecam I345 whichi-iis secured to the necessary to first restore and recock the starting shift jack shaft I33I (Figure 13) and is rotated whenever the shift clutch operates. At approximately the same time the roller I345 contacts cam I345, said cam begins to rotate and rocks the cam follower I346 counter-clockwise and lever 300 clockwise, thereby forcing starting lever 240 to its raised position as shown in Figure 9. The height of the cam I345 is preferably ofsuch magnitude that the starting lever 240 will be substantially overcooked, and the elongated hole286 is provided for such overcocking and to allow the toggle links 288 and 265 to be returned to the position shownin Figure 9 by the torsion spring 259. The cam I345 makes one-half revolution foreach shift cycle; therefore, the starting lever 240 is recocked at half cycle or one-quarter revolution of shaft I33I, following which the starting lever 240 is permitted to lower the stud 242 until it seats in the bottom ofthe elongated hole 286, and the remainder of the cycle idly rotates cam I345 until its low point again underlies the roller If a tabulation is called for which will require six shift cycles before the tabulated position is reached, and the lever 240 is recocked during the first cycle, as just described,,thus raising the T member 292 (Figure 8) with it and releasing the operating lever I250, the latter would, if allowed to return to its neutral position, stop the shift mechanism when only one of the six required cycles had been completed.

For this reason means have been provided-to latch the operating lever I250 in its operative position until only a partial cycle of operation is necessary to reach the tabulated position, at whichtime the latch'will be disengaged to free the lever I250 and stop the shift. For this purpose, operating arm latch 305 (Figure 8) is rockably mounted on stud 262 and has an upwardly extending arm 306 on which is formed a lateral extension 301 adapted to engage a projection 253 of the operating arm !250, while on the other extension of latch 305 is a slightly flattened nose 309 which underlies the roller 296 of lever 290. A torsion spring 310 is provided to urge the latch 305 in a clockwise direction about stud 262 by the pressure of one of its ends against the ear 3H and the other end against the stud Bid on lever 3i5 (Figure 5). As described in detail hereinbefore, the end control lever 290 (Figure. 8) is rocked as soon as the tabulating controls are conditioned for a shift, and remains in that position until the tabulated position has nearly been reached; therefore, when said end control lever is rocked either clockwise or counter-clockwise from its central position, the. roller 296 is removed from the nose 303 of'the latch 305, thereby releasing the latch 305 to rock clockwise under the urge of spring 3I0 until its lateral extension 301 abuts the projection 253 of the operating arm I250, and upon subsequent rocking of the operating arm I250 by T member 292 the projection 253 is removed from behind the lateral extension 301, allowing said extension to move to a position where it underlies or overlies the projection 253, thereby latching the lever I250 against return movement after the T member 292 is raised.

When the tabulated position has nearly been reached, however, the end control lever 290 returns to the position shown in Figure 8, causing its roller 296 to ride up the side of nose 303 and rock latch lever 305 counter-clockwise to remove lateral extension 391 from underneath or above the projection 253 and allow operating arm I250 to return to its neutral position under the urge of spring I400 (Figure 14), thus terminating the shift, as previously described.

The means effective to stop the carriage shifting operation, initiated by the master tabulator key 220 without having first selected a position with a tabulator selection key 200, comprises a stud 3I3 (Figure 12) riveted to the center frame 3I4 of the machine so as to lie in the path of controller 210. It will be recalled that the controller 210 travels in the opposite direction to that of the carriage, so that for this automatic carriage shift to the left, the controller moves rightwardly. It will also be recalled that the controller 210 will have been moved downwardly about its shaft 275, resulting from the rotation of shaft 285 and the rocking of control lever 280, and the only possible way to arrest a tabulated shift is to rotate shaft 285 back to neutral. purpose the stud 3I3 is in the form of a cone, the upper side of which serves to cam the controller 210 upwardly when it approaches its extreme right end position, thus rocking control levers 280 and the shaft 285 to their neutral positions and stopping the shift driving mechanism.

Means are provided to stop a rightward carriage shift initiated by the depression of the tabulator selection key 200, followed by some manual misoperation such as immediately depressing another tabulator selection key just enough to release the first key, but not enough to latch the second key down, and then allowing said second key also to rise. With no selection key 200 depressed, no control lever 280 will be positively held to stop a shift, and the driving mechanism might continue to run and attempt to shift the carriage beyond the right end position; therefore, a stud 3I3a, similar to the stud 3I3 (Figure 12) is riveted in the left side frame, located in the path of the controller 210 so that just before the carriage reaches its extreme right end position the controller will be cammed downwardly and rock the control lever 280, the shaft 285, andstop the shift driving mechanism.

As shown in Figure 1, juxtaposed'the master tabulator key 220 is a clear key I 22, the depression of which releases all numeral keys I locked in a depressed position, and simultaneouslyreturns to zero all keyboard check dials I41, and a Middle dial clear key 2313 which controls one clear clutch to return to zero all product dials M8, and an Upper dial clear key 29l0 provided to control another clear clutch to return to zero all ccunter'dials I814.

The numeral keys I00 (Figure 18), secured to their respective key stems I03, are slidably mounted in their key frames IN and normally held in a raised position by springs I02, but when one of said keys is, depressed its lower edge is adapted to" impinge upon one of the divergent sides I30 of the selection bar H and move it a proportional amount depending upon which key is depressed and lock said bar in a fixed position as the key stern enters the notch I3I; and, as described in detail in the Harold T. Avery Patent Number 2,271,240, issued January twenty-seventh, 1942, the movement of the selection bar II20 rotates the check dial I41 a proportional amcunt, thereby registering the figure in said check dial corresponding to the figure delineated on the numeral key depressed.

On the lower end of key stem I03 is a lug II6 with a curved surface at the bottom thereof, adapted to cam a lock bar II! to the rear against the spring II8 until the lug II6 passes beneath said lock bar and allows it to spring forward to a For this position where it overlies the lug IIG, thereby locking the key I00 in a depressed position against the tension of the spring I02 until the lock bar is again moved a suflicient amount to allow clearance for the lug I I6.

Means are provided whereby the depression of a single clear key will slide the lock bars in all orders of the machine simultaneously, and free all keys I00 locked in a depressed position. On shaft I26 (Figure 17), mounted transversely of the machine, is rockably mounted a clear bail I25 which has an upwardly extending arm I2'I underlying a roller I24 mounted on the stern of the keyboard clear key I22, said stem being slidably mounted in the usual way and maintained in a raised position by spring I23 tensioned between a lug on the lower end of the key stem and a stud riveted to the frame of the machine. When it is desired to clear the keyboard, the key. I 22 (Figures 1 and 17) is depressed and in its downward movement its roller I24 impinges the side of arm I21 and rocks bail I25 clockwise about shaft I26 until its pad I29 (Figure 18) contacts the slidable lock bars III and forces them to the rear, thereby releasing all depressed keys I00 in the manner previously described.

When a depressed key I00 rises out of the notch I 3I of its respective selection bar II20, as

just described, said selection-bar is free to move Quits suspending links I28 and I29 (I29 not shown) in response to a spring provided for the purpose, to its forward position, thus, by its connection to the check dial I41, restoring that dial to zero as shown completely in said Avery patent.

The product and counter dials are cleared by power derived from the motor, instead of manually as in the case of the check dial clearance just described. Keys 2313 and 23I0 (Figure 1) are provided to control said motor power and the clutches driven thereby to accomplish this clearance operation.

The "Middle dial" clear key 2313 (Figure 19) by which the clutch 2360 is controlled, is secured to the upper end of key stem 2315 which is slidably mounted on a stationary shaft 2314, and

rockably mounted at its lower end on bail 2346 by'means of stud 3", said ball being pivotally mounted on'shaft 344, and a spring 2312 tensioned between the stationary shaft 2314 and one end of stud 3"II thereby maintaining the key 2313 and the bail 2346 in the position shown in Figure 19. On the downwardly extending arm of bail 2346 is a shoulder stud 2349 adapted to operate in the L-shaped aperture 2340 of link 2341, said link being provided with a nose 346 adapted to ride upon stud 343 secured to the framing of the machine when it is moved by bail 2346. The rear end of link 2341 is connected to bell crank 2376; pivotally mounted on stud 2311,

and having a shoulder stud 2316 secured to its upper end adapted to be embraced by the bifurcated forward end of clutch operating lever 31!, said operating lever being made integral with clutch dog 38I which is normally held in position to lock clear clutch 2360 against rotation by spring 2382. 7

Thus clear clutch 2360 is not effective to transmit power from the motor until dog 3" is moved rearwardly to cause clutch engagement. The construction of this type of clutch is well known and is similar to that shown in Figure 11 f Friden Patent Number 1,643,710 to which reference may be had for details thereof. A cam 363 keyed to a sleeve integral with the driven side of clutch 2360 is adapted to impart a. clockwise rocking

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